Market regulator SEBI has taken strict action against US trading firm Jane Street and banned it from the Indian securities market. Investigation revealed that the firm made unfair profits of about ₹4,843 crores by misusing algorithmic trading on the expiry-day of Nifty and Bank Nifty derivative contracts. This decision has sparked a serious debate on the transparency and credibility of algo trading and quant trading firms in India. This strict action by SEBI shows that bypassing the rules by using automated trading models will no longer be tolerated no matter how influential the firm is.
SEBI’s Charges Explained: Why Jane Street Was Barred?
SEBI has found Jane Street and its affiliates of violating rules of the Indian derivatives market due to deliberate manipulation of index prices. These activities were carried out continuously from 1 January 2023 to 31 March 2025, with additional violations noted in May 2025.
Allegation 1: Intra-Day Index Manipulation
Jane Street made heavy purchases in stocks like Bank Nifty in the morning on expiry days and sold them at the end of the day, creating volatility in the market. They benefited from this in option trading. On January 17, 2024, ₹4,370 crore worth of Bank Nifty futures and its constituent stocks were purchased in the morning, and by the end of the day, the Bank Nifty was brought down by heavy selling worth ₹5,372 crores, which earned them profits worth crores from their position in Bank Nifty index options.
Allegation 2: Marking the Close Strategy
According to SEBI, Jane Street artificially moved the index up and down in the last 30 minutes of the day on several occasions. The purpose of this was to influence the closing value of the index at the time of expiry, which directly benefited them in option trades.
What did the SEBI report say?
SEBI found in its investigation that these trading patterns had no economic basis. The report clearly stated:
“This entire strategy was pre-planned so that the Jane Street Group could make profits and mislead the market.”
For how long did all this last?
This suspicious trading was done from January 2023 to May 2025. SEBI has described it as a pre-planned and malicious scheme, in which crores of rupees were earned by ignoring the rules.
How Jane Street Made the Profits?
Jane Street and its affiliates followed certain trading patterns in Nifty and Bank Nifty index derivatives that were against market rules. According to SEBI’s investigation:
Repetitive Pattern :
SEBI tracked 15 expiry days in which Jane Street first bought Index Futures in large quantities in the morning.
At the end of the day, when the market was about to close, they sold the same futures — causing artificial volatility in the market.
Profit from Options :
By moving the index up or down around the market close on expiry day, they profited from their positions in call or put options.
The prices of these options change significantly at closing, giving Jane Street a huge profit.
SEBI Recovery:
SEBI said that Jane Street Group made an unfair profit of a total of ₹4,843 crore.
This amount is now being recovered and forfeited under the interim order.
What It Means for Jane Street in India?
SEBI has issued a provisional order against Jane Street India and its associated companies –
Ban on trading : SEBI has prohibited Jane Street India from trading, dealing or accessing the Indian securities market. That is, at present they cannot engage in any kind of stock market activity.
Account freezing : SEBI has directed Jane Street’s and its associates to deposit unlawful gains of ₹4,843 crore in an escrow account.
Opportunity to respond in 21 days : Jane Street has been given 21 days in which it can present its side or challenge SEBI’s order.
Final order possible : SEBI has clarified that this order is provisional, but after the investigation is completed, a heavy fine, permanent ban or other strict action is also possible in the final order.
What This Means for Indian Brokers and Traders?
SEBI’s action on Jane Street is now having ripple effects on India’s broking system and small investors, signalling tighter monitoring for the industry.
Rethinking Expiry-Day Trading Risks : Brokers will now have to re-look at high-volume and high-loss-probability trades that take place on the expiry day. This has become a sensitive area after SEBI’s investigation indicated expiry-day manipulation.
Risk Management rules will be more stringent : After this action by SEBI, brokerage houses will have to update their risk management policies. Especially advanced checks and controls will be necessary on trades that cause large price fluctuations.
Pressure will increase on Algo Trading Firms : The filters and trading rules used for algo trading need to be further refined. It will be necessary to ensure that such algorithms do not manipulate the market.
Disclosure required for high-volume clients : Brokers will have to give proper risk disclosures to clients who repeatedly make high-volume trades on expiry-day. SEBI is emphasizing transparency and client awareness.
Surveillance systems become more important : The time has come for all brokers to adopt advanced surveillance tools so that suspicious trading patterns can be caught in real-time. SEBI is now adopting a proactive approach in such cases.
How does it impact Indian markets?
SEBI’s decision to suspend Jane Street’s access is being seen as a strong regulatory action in the Indian stock market. This move makes it clear that the regulator will now keep a strict watch on the activities of algo and quant trading firms, especially when it comes to unfair or manipulative trading patterns.
Jane Street, which earned more than $2.3 billion in net revenue from Indian equity derivatives in 2024 alone, is now directly facing a major setback. Not only their participation in Indian financial markets but their credibility and long-built business network has also been affected.
Conclusion
SEBI’s recent action has made it clear that regulations regarding algorithmic and quant trading in the Indian market are going to become even stricter. The barring of a big global firm like Jane Street can not only shake the trading ecosystem, but can also force all foreign and domestic institutions to rethink compliance and legality of their trading activities. This step can prove to be a turning point for ensuring market transparency and fairness.
S.NO.
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Most people in India use debit and credit cards these days, but very few know what the name written on their cards like RuPay or Visa means and how they are different from each other. Choosing the right card network is very important as it affects many aspects like security of transactions, convenience and international usage.
This blog explains in detail what is the difference between RuPay and Visa, which card is better for whom, keeping in mind the fees, benefits, acceptance, and global usage of both.
What is a RuPay Card?
RuPay card is India’s own payment card network, which was launched by NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India) in the year 2012. Its purpose was that India does not have to depend on foreign networks like Visa and MasterCard and people can get a cheap, safe and suitable option to make domestic transactions.
Fast and cheap in domestic transactions : Transactions made through RuPay card are processed in India itself, which makes the processing speed fast and the transaction charges are also very low. This is the reason why this card has become very popular especially in small towns and rural areas. Government banks and private banks issue it at a low cost, due to which it is used extensively in Jan Dhan accounts, PM Kisan, and other government schemes.
Types of RuPay Cards
There are many types of cards available under the RuPay network:
RuPay Debit Card : Money is debited directly from the bank account
RuPay Credit Card : For limit based spending
RuPay Prepaid Card : Use after preloading money
RuPay Global Card : For international use
Global expansion of RuPay : In recent years, RuPay has also expanded internationally. RuPay Global cards are accepted at over 42.4 million POS locations and over 1.90 million ATM locations in 185+ countries and territories worldwide. This means that now it is possible to do shopping, ATM withdrawal and online transactions abroad with a RuPay card.
Important role in government schemes : RuPay card is being used in many schemes of the Government of India such as:
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
PM Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojana
E-Shram Card
Ayushman Bharat Yojana
In these schemes, money is sent directly to the accounts of the beneficiaries through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), and in most cases a RuPay card is given.
Visa card is the world’s largest and oldest international payment network, which started in America in 1958. Visa is not a card issued by any bank, but it is a network provider, which allows banks around the world to issue cards. It is used in the form of debit, credit and prepaid cards.
Globally accepted and user-friendly : The biggest strength of Visa card is its global acceptance. Cards on the Visa network are accepted in more than 200 countries, whether it is withdrawing cash from an ATM, shopping at a POS machine or making online payment from international websites. Apart from this, many Visa cards also offer premium features like lounge access, global offers, travel insurance and cashback.
Types of Visa Cards
Banks issue three types of cards on the Visa network:
Visa Debit Card: Directly linked to the bank account
Visa Credit Card : For limit based purchases
Visa Prepaid Card: Used by loading a fixed amount
Advanced in security and technology : Visa cards have security technology like EMV chip, 2-factor authentication, and fraud detection system, which makes transactions secure. Visa’s network called VisaNet is one of the fastest and secure payment processing systems in the world.
Key Differences Between RuPay and Visa Card
Parameters
RuPay Card
Visa Card
Origin
Launched in 2012 by NPCI, supported by the Government of India
Founded by US-based Visa Inc., started in 1958
Transaction Processing
All transactions processed within India, making it faster, cheaper, and more secure.
International processing involves currency conversion and cross-border fees, making it more expensive for foreign transactions
International Acceptance
Accepted in over 185 countries with over 42.4 million POS locations and over 1.90 million ATM locations.
Widely accepted in approximately 195 countries globally directly through Visa’s global network
Fees & Charges
Minimal charges for domestic use; slightly higher for international usage
Higher fees for international transactions due to currency conversion and network charges
Rewards & Benefits
Limited offers; government-issued cards typically don’t offer reward programs
Attractive rewards, cashback, travel benefits, and insurance on many cards
Usage in Government Schemes
Widely used in schemes like Jan Dhan, PM-Kisan, e-Shram, and other DBT programs
Not used directly in government schemes; popular among private users and international travelers
Usage Scope
Ideal for domestic payments, subsidies, ATM withdrawals, and local POS transactions
Suitable for both domestic and international payments
Card Issuance Cost
Low-cost issuance for banks minimal interchange and network fees
Expensive for banks as higher interchange and processing costs
The use of each card depends on the needs – some need the card only for local payments, while others need it for international shopping or travel. Both RuPay and Visa have their own benefits, only the way of using them is different.
Where you’re using it
Which card fits best
Daily expenses like ATM withdrawals or paying at local shops
RuPay
Receiving money from government schemes like Jan Dhan or PM-Kisan
RuPay
Making payments while travelling abroad at ATMs or swipe machines
Visa
Shopping on international websites or global online platforms
Visa
If you’re looking for extras rewards like travel benefits, insurance, or cashback
Visa
Want lower charges and faster domestic processing
RuPay
RuPay is a network that has been created in India, for the people of India. This card is generally better for local transactions, government payments and low charge transactions. Its biggest advantage is that its entire process takes place in India – which makes the transactions fast and secure.
On the other hand, the network of Visa cards is spread all over the world. If someone uses it more for making payments on international websites, or while traveling abroad, then Visa becomes a more suitable option. It also offers some advanced features, like airport lounge access or global insurance cover.
Pros and Cons of RuPay Card
Pros :
All transactions are processed in India, which leads to faster speeds and better data security.
Card issuance is cost effective for banks, which allows users to avail it at low or no charges.
Designed for domestic use easily accessible on ATMs, UPI and POS.
Acceptable and compatible with government schemes like Jan Dhan, DBT schemes etc.
Cons :
Limited acceptance for international transactions; not supported by all countries and websites.
Less or no extra features like rewards, cashback, travel benefits.
The international card variant (RuPay Global) still has a limited network.
Pros and Cons of Visa Card
Pros :
Visa is an international payment network that is accepted in 200+ countries across the world.
Works seamlessly with international websites and travel payments.
Most cards offer features like reward points, cashback, and discount offers.
Some premium Visa cards also come with advanced benefits like airport lounge access, travel insurance, and foreign transaction security.
Visa’s fraud detection technology and secure payment system works at international standards.
Cons :
International processing may lead to additional charges on transactions, such as foreign transaction fees.
For those who use their card only in India, a Visa card is not a must it may seem over featured or overserved.
Some basic Visa cards do not offer special offers or features, which may reduce value for money.
Choosing between Visa and RuPay depends on your needs. RuPay is ideal for affordable, fast, and secure domestic transactions. Its lower fees and strong integration with government schemes make it ideal for local use. Visa suits international travelers and online shoppers, offering wider acceptance and premium perks like rewards and insurance. Assess your spending habits and transaction locations to pick the card that best fits your lifestyle and financial goals.
S.NO.
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Term insurance has become a necessity in 2025, especially in uncertain financial times where long-term security has become increasingly important. It is an insurance option that provides great financial security to the family’s future goals at a low cost. Today’s insurance companies are providing better claim processes, useful rider benefits and customized plans according to personal needs. This article includes 10 such trusted and popular best term insurance plans, which are becoming the first choice of people this year.
What is Term Insurance and Why is it Important?
Term insurance is a life insurance plan that provides coverage for a fixed period. During this period, if the insured person dies, the nominee gets the entire sum assured. But if the insured person survives till the completion of the policy term, then no amount is received. This is why it is called a “pure protection plan”.
In 2025, term insurance has become smarter and more personalized than before. Insurance companies are now also offering features like flexible plans, digital claim process and health-based premiums. This plan provides high coverage at a low premium, making it one of the most economical ways to ensure your family’s financial security.
Top 10 Best Term Insurance Plans in India
S.No
Term Insurance Plan
Claim Ratio (2023–24 Avg.)
Max Cover Age
Key Riders Available
1
LIC Tech Term Plan
98.5%
80 years
Accidental Death
2
HDFC Life Click 2 Protect Super
99.5%
85 years
Critical Illness, Accidental Death
3
Max Life Smart Secure Plus
99.5%
85 years
Critical Illness, Accidental Death, Waiver of Premium
4
ICICI Pru iProtect Smart
97.9%
85 years
Critical Illness, Accidental Death, Waiver of Premium
5
Tata AIA Sampoorna Raksha Supreme
99.0%
100 years
Accidental Death, Critical Illness
6
SBI Life eShield Next
97.6%
85 years
Critical Illness, Accidental Death
7
Bajaj Allianz Smart Protect Goal
99.1%
99 years
Critical Illness, Waiver of Premium
8
Aditya Birla DigiShield Plan
98.7%
85 years
Terminal Illness
9
PNB MetLife Mera Term Plan Plus
98.5%
99 years
Critical Illness, Accidental Death
10
Kotak Life e-Term Plan
98.6%
75 years
Accidental Death
Top 10 Best Term Insurance In India: Overview
An overview of the top 10 term insurance plans in India are mentioned below:
1. LIC Tech Term Plan
LIC Tech Term Plan is a pure protection plan which is available online only. It does not provide maturity benefit, but in case of death, the nominee is given the entire sum assured. Low premium, accidental rider option and the trust of LIC make it a reliable option.
Key Features
Plan can be purchased online only (no agent required)
Different premium rates for smokers and non-smokers
Guaranteed sum assured in case of death
Option to return policy within 30 days
Lower premium than other offline LIC plans
NRIs can also buy (medical test has to be done in India)
Benefits
Death Benefit: In case of death during the policy term, the nominee gets a fixed amount
Optional Rider: accidental death benefit rider is available
Tax Benefits: Exemption under section 80C on premium and 10(10D) on claim amount
Digital Journey: The entire process is online fast, easy and paperless
This HDFC Life plan is for those who want more than just regular term insurance. Along with protection, it also has rider options and great customisation features, which make it different from other plans.
Key features
Three options Life, Life Plus, and Life Goal, to suit everyone’s needs
Option to increase coverage in the future (with Life Goal)
Whole Life cover is also available protection up to 100 years
Useful riders like critical illness, accidental death and waiver of premium can also be added
Premium rates are adjusted based on health and lifestyle
Benefits
Flexible Coverage: Plan can be adjusted as per life stage
Critical Illness Rider: Upfront payout in case of critical illnesses
Accidental Death Rider: Additional protection in case of death due to accident
Waiver of Premium: Waiver of future premium in case of disability.
Tax Benefit: Exemption under section 80C and 10(10D)
This plan from Max Life is especially for those who want a simple but reliable term insurance with more options. Along with long-term security, it also offers some benefits that can come in handy in emergencies – like critical illness cover, premium waiver, and accidental benefit rider.
Key features :
Two options Life Cover and Income + Life Cover
Coverage of up to 64 diseases in Critical illness rider
Extra payout in Accidental death rider other than sum assured
Zero-cost term option with premium refund at policy maturity
Return of premium can also be selected to reduce premium
Benefits :
Along with financial protection, health cover is also available
Facility of refund of entire premium in Zero cost option
Ideal for long policy term (more than 40 years)
Policy can be made stronger by adding multiple riders
Tax benefit is available under section 80C and 10(10D)
Criteria
Details
Entry Age
18 to 65 years
Maximum Coverage
Up to 85 years
Policy Term
10 to 67 years
Minimum Sum Assured
₹25,00,000
Premium Payment
Yearly, Half-Yearly, Monthly
Who Can Buy
Indian residents only
4. ICICI Pru iProtect Smart
This plan from ICICI Prudential is a practical and multi-featured option for those who don’t want to limit themselves to just basic protection. This plan not only offers life cover, but also covers multiple aspects like critical illness, disability and accidental death – all in a single policy.
Key features :
Four protection options Life, Life Plus, Life & Health, and All-in-One
Coverage of over 60 critical illnesses without asking for hospital bills
Accelerated Terminal Illness Benefit automatically included
Extra payout from Accidental death benefit option
Consistently high claim settlement ratio.
Benefits :
Protection of both health and life in one plan
Critical illness payout is available even if the policy continues
All-in-One option covers every major risk
Seamless digital journey for medicals and documentation
This plan of Tata AIA is a term insurance that balances flexibility, lifetime coverage and health benefits. In this, you can add not only protection but also facilities like income benefit, return of premium and critical illness. This plan is a very strong option for long-term family security.
Features :
Four options Life Option, Life Plus, Life Income, and Credit Protect
Option for whole life cover – protection up to 100 years
Cover for 50+ diseases under critical illness rider
Option for return of premium – money back on maturity if there is no claim
Online medical consultation and wellness services also included
Benefits :
Pure protection along with optional income and return benefit
Long-term protection ideal for legacy planning
Can add accidental death and terminal illness cover
Tata AIA’s strong claim settlement record and digital process
Tax exemption under Section 80C and 10(10D)
Criteria
Details
Entry Age
18 to 65 years
Maximum Coverage
Up to 100 years
Policy Term
10 to 40 years (Life cover for whole life option)
Minimum Sum Assured
₹50,00,000
Premium Payment
Annual, Semi-Annual, Monthly
Who Can Buy
Indian citizens (self-only policy)
6. SBI Life eShield Next
SBI Life eShield Next is a pure term insurance plan that offers life cover along with flexibility and smart protection keeping in mind future responsibilities. This policy is specially designed to financially cover unplanned life events. The cover increases automatically as the life stage increases. There are three options available: Level Cover, Increasing Cover and Level Cover with Future Proofing Benefit which allows customizing the plan as per the need.
Key Features :
Flexibility with three plan options (Level, Increasing, Future Proofing)
This plan of Bajaj Allianz has been designed keeping in mind the modern needs. Not only life cover, but benefits like health and return of premium are also available. There is an option of Zero Cost Term Insurance, which means along with protection, money can also be returned on maturity like an investment.
Key Features :
4 options: Life Cover, Child Education Extra Cover, Return of Premium, and Increasing Cover
Whole life coverage option up to 99 years
Comprehensive cover of 55 critical illnesses
Zero cost term option full premium returned on policy maturity
Accidental permanent total disability benefit included
Benefits :
All-round plan covering both critical illness and disability
Return of premium option for those who want maturity value
Ideal for long-term financial planning
Add-ons like spouse cover and waiver benefit available
Aditya Birla DigiShield Plan is a customisable term insurance plan that offers over 10 plan options to suit different life needs. This policy is a perfect combination of flexibility and protection whether your preference is pure life cover, critical illness cover or income payout. The highlight of this plan is its ‘Whole Life Cover’ option, which provides protection up to the age of 100 years.
Key Features:
10+ plan options like Level Cover, Income Benefit, Whole Life Option
Critical Illness, Terminal Illness and Accidental Death Riders available
Income benefit payouts (options like monthly income)
Life stage benefit – As soon as a new phase comes in your life (marriage, childbirth), coverage can be increased
Tax benefits as per Section 80C & 10(10D)
Criteria
Details
Entry Age
18 years
Maximum Entry Age
65 years
Policy Term
10 to 85 years (or up to age 100)
Minimum Sum Assured
₹25,00,000
Premium Payment
Regular / Limited / Single Pay
Claim Payout
Lump sum / Monthly / Hybrid
9. PNB MetLife Mera Term Plan Plus
PNB MetLife Mera Term Plan Plus is a comprehensive and flexible term insurance policy that ensures long-term financial security for you and your family. The most special feature of this plan is the option of spouse cover, which means you can cover your spouse in a single policy. Also, this plan offers options like return of premium and increasing life cover, which gives you personalized protection at every turn of life.
Key Features:
Spouse coverage option in a single policy
Options like Return of Premium (ROP) and Increasing Life Cover
Accidental Death Benefit, Serious Illness, and Waiver of Premium riders available
Claim payout flexibility lump sum, monthly income or combination
Kotak e-Term Plan is a pure protection plan that gives your family financial independence in case of your sudden death. The biggest feature of this plan is its flexibility. You can choose the cover type as per your requirement: Level Cover, Increasing Cover or Step-down Cover. There are also multiple payout options and optional riders available so that the plan easily aligns with your lifestyle.
Key Features:
Three cover options: Level, Increasing & Step-down
Claim payout flexibility: Lump sum, monthly income or both
Optional riders for Critical illness, Accidental Death Benefit and Permanent Disability
In 2025, term insurance is more than just financial protection—it is a key component of smart financial planning. Choosing the right term insurance plan has become easier and more convenient than ever before. You just need to make the right choice based on your needs, age and lifestyle. If your goal is to secure your family’s financial future, a good term insurance plan is essential. It is advised to consult a financial advisor to determine your current financial position and future objectives and then choose a term insurance plan accordingly.
S.NO.
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Which is the best term insurance plan in India 2025?
It may vary from individual to individual, but LIC Tech Term, HDFC Click 2 Protect Super and ICICI iProtect Smart are the most popular and trusted options in 2025.
What is the ideal age to buy a term insurance plan?
The age of 20 to 35 is considered most appropriate because the premium is low and long-term cover is available.
Can I get my premium back if I survive the policy term?
Yes, if you have taken a plan with Return of Premium (TROP), then you get the premium back on maturity.
Are medical tests necessary for buying term insurance?
Yes in most cases, but in some low-cover or instant policies insurance can be obtained even without medical insurance
Can I increase my sum assured later?
Some plans have life-stage benefits through which you can increase the cover on occasions like marriage, birth of a child etc.
In today’s uncertain economic environment, rising expenses, lack of job security, and unstable income have become common concerns. In such a situation, a monthly income plan can become a great way to safeguard your financial future.
This blog is for those people who want to diversify their income stream and receive a stable income every month – that too without taking on big risks. Here we will talk about the best investment plans for monthly income in detail.
10+ Best Investment Plans for Monthly Income in India
S.no
Monthly Income Plans
1
Post Office Monthly Income Scheme (POMIS)
2
Monthly Income Mutual Funds (MIPs)
3
Senior Citizen Saving Scheme (SCSS)
4
Corporate Fixed Deposits (with monthly payouts)
5
Government Bonds (with monthly interest option)
6
RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds
7
Annuity Plans from Insurance Companies
8
SWP (Systematic Withdrawal Plan) from Mutual Funds
Overview of the Top Best Monthly Investment Plan for Monthly Income in India 2025
An overview of all the plans is given below:
1. Post Office Monthly Income Scheme (POMIS)
POMIS is a scheme in which once the money is invested, a fixed interest is received every month. The government guarantee and the reliability of the post office make this scheme special among small investors.
Important points (as of 2025)
Interest rate 7.4% per annum
Interest is paid every month
Single account Maximum investment : ₹9 lakh
Joint account Maximum investment : ₹15 lakh
Scheme term : 5 years
Minimum investment ₹1,000
Who can invest?
Any Indian citizen
Joint account can be opened in the name of two adults
NRIs cannot invest in it
Example of returns : Investing ₹9 lakh gives an income of about ₹5,550 every month.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Guaranteed monthly income
Interest received is taxable
Capital is completely safe
No tax exemption under Section 80C
Investment is simple and easy
Penalty is levied if withdrawn before five years
2. Monthly Income Mutual Funds (MIPs)
Monthly Income Plans (MIPs) are mutual funds designed to provide regular income to investors. Most of the money is invested in debt instruments (such as bonds) and a small portion in equity to get better returns.
How does it work?
This scheme provides income every month through Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP)
The return is completely market dependent – there is no fixed rate
If the equity portion is high, both risk and return increase
Most schemes invest 75–90% in debt and 10–25% in equity
For example : If ₹10 lakh is invested and the annual average return is 8%, then an income of about ₹6,000 – ₹6,500 can be withdrawn every month (may vary according to market conditions).
Advantages
Disadvantages
Potential for higher returns than bank FDs
Credit risk of issuer
Monthly income through SWP
Returns not fixed
Provides flexibility for tax planning
NAV may fall if interest rate rises
3. Senior Citizen Savings Scheme (SCSS)
Senior Citizen Savings Scheme (SCSS) is a reliable and safe investment scheme backed by the Government of India, specially designed for senior citizens aged 60 years and above. This scheme is an excellent option to get a regular and fixed income after retirement, in which your capital is completely safe and the interest is paid on time.
How does it work?
Age should be 60 years or above. Those aged 55+ who have opted for VRS are eligible.
Maximum investment limit has been increased to ₹30 lakh in 2025.
Minimum investment starts from ₹1,000.
Interest rate is 8.2% per annum, which is paid quarterly.
The tenure of the scheme is 5 years, which can be extended by 3 years.
Who is it for?
People who are retired and want a steady income every few months.
Those who are focused on capital protection and stable income.
Example: An investment of ₹30 lakh earns approximately ₹61,500 interest every quarter, i.e. approximately ₹20,500 per month.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
Disadvantages
Government guarantee
Interest is taxable
Tax exemption under 80C section
Quarterly income, not monthly
Fixed interest rate
Lumpsum investment required
4. Corporate Fixed Deposits
Through Corporate FDs, reputed NBFCs and companies raise funds directly from investors. These instruments, when offered by reputed institutions, can be considered as secure as a bank FD with higher interest rates.
Key details for 2025
Interest rate 7.4% to 8.6% p.a. (depending on the issuing company)
Payment frequency : Monthly / quarterly / half-yearly / yearly depending on your choice.
Minimum investment Depends on issuer
Maturity period : Ranges between 12 to 60 months.
Who can invest?
Any Indian citizen
Senior citizens get 0.25–0.40% additional interest
Example: If the interest rate on an FD of ₹5 lakh is 8.3%, then the income can be around ₹3,458 every month
Advantages
Disadvantages
Possibility of higher returns than bank FDs
Slightly higher risk than banks FDs
Regular cash flow due to monthly payout
Risk of capital loss if the issuing company defaults
Option to withdraw before maturity
Interest is fully taxable
5. Government Bonds (with monthly interest option)
These bonds issued by the government are a safe investment in the market. Some government securities offer interest payment options with frequency like monthly or bimonthly, thereby providing a regular source of income.
Key Details (till 2025)
The government issues bonds with different tenures like 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 30, 40, 50 years
Some bonds offer monthly payment options; others offer interest on a quarterly or a semi-annual basis.
10‑Year G‑Sec Yield is around 6.6% (till May 2025), which is better than other small savings options
Who can invest?
Any Indian citizen, HUF, Institutions
Single or joint holding option
NRIs may be eligible in some cases
Example : Investing ₹10 lakh, at 6.6% rate, the potential income is ~₹66,000 per annum, i.e. around ₹5,500 per month.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Backed by Government of India
Interest is taxable
Can be easily bought and sold
Monthly payouts not applicable for every bond
Better return potential than other small savings schemes/FDs
Returns of bonds may be affected due to changes in interest rates
6. RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds
This scheme of RBI is for those investors who want their money to be safe and have regular income. It gives better returns than fixed deposit returns as its rate is reset semiannually to NSC (National Savings Certificate) rate + 0.35%
Key Details (2025)
Interest Rate 8.05% p.a. (for Jan–Jun 2025)
Payment Frequency: Every 6 months (1st Jan and 1st Jul)
Minimum Investment : ₹1,000 (in multiples thereafter)
No maximum investment limit
Lock-in period of 6 years for investors aged between 60–70 years and 5 years for investors aged between 70 and 80.
Who can invest?
Any Indian citizen or HUF
Can be a single or joint account
NRIs not eligible
Example of returns : By investing ₹10 lakh, you can get about ₹38,600 interest every six months – that is, about ₹77,200 annually
Advantages
Disadvantages
Fully government backed and secured
Interest is taxable and TDS will be applicable (on interest above ₹10,000)
Rates are NSC based, floating but lucrative (currently 8.05%)
Not fixed, rates may change every 6 month
Periodic income every six months
Premature withdrawal not possible (except in special cases of senior citizens)
7. Annuity Plans from Insurance Companies
Annuity Plans are options offered by insurance companies in which a lump sum amount is deposited and then regular income is received for a fixed period or for life. This scheme is especially for those who want fixed income after retirement. Companies like LIC, HDFC Life, ICICI Prudential, SBI Life offer these plans.
Key points (as of 2025)
Annuity Income starts immediately after investment
Deferred Annuity Income starts after a few years
Interest rate : 5.75% – 7% (depends on age and plan)
Income frequency Monthly, Quarterly, Half-Yearly or Yearly
Minimum investment Starting from ₹1 lakh
Some plans include a ‘Return of Purchase Price’ option, where the invested amount is paid to the nominee after the annuitant’s death.
Who can invest?
Individuals aged between 30 to 85 years
Single or Joint Annuity option
Extra benefits and payout options for Senior Citizens
Example: Investing ₹10 lakh at the age of 60 can generate monthly income of ₹5,500 under immediate annuity option.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Assured income for life
Returns are limited
Capital protection (in some plans)
Does not adjust to inflation
Tax exemption (under Section 80CCC)
Premature withdrawal not possible
8. SWP (Systematic Withdrawal Plan) from Mutual Funds
SWP is a method where you can withdraw a fixed amount every month from your mutual fund investments. In this, your money remains invested in mutual fund schemes and you can get regulated income from it. These schemes are best for investors who want a flexible and tax-efficient way to earn side income.
Key points (as of 2025)
SWP can be started by investing in any mutual fund scheme
Withdrawal amount and frequency (monthly/quarterly) are decided by you
SWP option available in both equity and debt schemes
Equity SWP has the potential for better returns in the long term
Withdrawal is based on NAV of units
Example: ₹10 lakh invested and ₹6,000/month SWP started — investment remains intact and can grow as per the market
Decline in invested amount can happen if returns are low
Tax-efficient withdrawals (10% tax after LTCG)
Not a guaranteed income
9. Real Estate (Rental Income)
Rental income is a traditional and reliable way to earn passive monthly income. If you own a residential or commercial property, renting it out can generate a steady income every month. This scheme is especially suitable for people who like investing in physical assets and want a stable cash flow.
Key highlights (as of 2025)
Rental income can be earned by investing in properties like residential flats, shops, offices, godowns
The rental yield is 2-3% in metro cities (residential), while in commercial properties it can be up to 6–9%
Rent agreements are usually for 11 months and TDS can be up to 10% (above ₹50,000/month)
Property registration, maintenance, and taxes are the responsibility of the owner
Example: If you have purchased a commercial property worth ₹1 crore and it is getting a rental yield of 7%, then a rental income of around ₹58,000-₹60,000 per month is possible.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Stable monthly income
High investment and maintenance cost
Benefit of property value appreciation
Low liquidity
Tax benefits (interest on home loan under 24b)
Dependency on timely payments by tenants. Legal hassles due to non-payment.
10. REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts)
\If you want to earn money from real estate but find it difficult to invest lakhs and crores, REITs are a great option. These are investment trusts that invest in large commercial properties such as office buildings, IT parks or malls — and distribute a portion of the rent generated from them to investors. The best part is that REITs can be bought and sold on the stock market, just like any other stock.
Key points (effective in 2025)
The three major listed REITs in India are Embassy Office Parks, Mindspace Business Parks, and Brookfield India REIT.
Up to 90% of the total income is distributed to investors
Rental yield is between 6% and 8% on an average
Regulated by SEBI for transparency and security
Example: If you invest ₹5 lakh in a REIT, and the annual yield is 7%, then a monthly income of around ₹2,900 – ₹3,000 is possible.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Low capital investment than investing in real estate
Dependence on real estate market’s current conditions
Regulated and transparent structure
Returns are not stable and are dependent on market conditions and occupancy
Good liquidity, tradable like shares
Returns earned are taxed
11. Dividend-Paying Stocks
If you want to build wealth in the long term and also need regular income every year, then dividend-paying stocks are a smart choice. These are stocks that pay a part of the company’s profits to investors as dividends – once or twice a year, some companies also pay quarterly. By strategically choosing companies with staggered payout dates, it’s possible to create a consistent monthly income stream. This method requires monitoring dividend yield, payout history, and financial health of the companies to ensure sustainability and stability.
Important points (as of 2025)
It is important to choose companies with high dividend yield
Companies giving good dividends are generally PSUs (eg: Coal India, ONGC) and FMCG (eg: ITC, Hindustan Unilever)
Dividend yield can be from 3% to 7%
Liquidity is good in the stock market, making buying and selling easy.
Example : If ₹10 lakh is invested in a stock like ITC and the yield is 6%, then the annual income can be up to ₹60,000 i.e. ₹5,000/month.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Passive income along with price appreciation over time
Market risk is always there
Inflation-beating returns
Returns are lower than growth stocks
Long-term wealth creation
Long-term wealth creation
12. Peer-to-Peer Lending (with monthly EMIs)
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) lending through a digital platform allows you to give loans directly to individual borrowers and then get the money back from them in the form of EMIs (principal + interest) every month. In this, you become a lender, and the borrowers take personal loans from you.
Key points (as of 2025)
Expected returns: 10%–15% (depends on borrower profile)
You can give loans ranging from ₹500 to ₹50,000 to each borrower
EMI comes monthly, which creates fixed monthly cash flow
Minimum investment starts from ₹5,000
Risk-based investment model: high risk = high return
Example : If you have given a loan of ₹1 lakh at 12% interest, then EMI-based income of about ₹9,000–₹10,000 annually i.e. ₹750–₹830/month can be earned.
If you want a fixed income every month, then today there are many investment options in India that can fit your needs. Some investors prioritize safety, while others are willing to take calculated risks for higher returns. With the right knowledge and planning, you can choose an income plan that aligns with your goals. Be it a post office scheme, mutual fund or any modern investment, with a little planning you can earn a steady monthly income. It is always advised to consult a financial advisor before investing.
S.NO.
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What is the safest monthly income scheme in India?
The safest options to earn a monthly income include Senior Citizen Saving Scheme (SCSS), Post Office Monthly Income Scheme (POMIS) and RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds as these are government-backed schemes.
Can I get ₹10,000 per month from any investment plan?
Yes, it is possible to earn ₹10,000/month income by investing ₹10–15 lakh in multiple investment plans like annuity plans or rental property.
Are mutual fund SWPs taxable?
Yes, money received from SWP is counted as capital gains and is taxed.
What are REITs and how do they pay monthly income?
REITs are companies that invest in commercial properties and distribute rental income as dividends.
Is P2P lending safe for earning a monthly income?
There is risk in P2P lending as borrowers can default, but the returns can be higher than FD.
The number of credit cards in India reached 108 million in December 2024, which is more than double the number in 2019. Over the past few years, the number of digital payments has grown 6.7 times and the transaction value 1.6 times, making India one of the fastest growing digital economies in the world . With time, the credit card providers have started providing various features and benefits such as contactless payments, UPI integration, BNPL facilities, and advanced security measures.
In this blog, we’ll explore the top 10 best credit cards in India for 2025 and highlight the key factors you should consider before choosing the right credit card for your financial needs.
An overview of the top 10 credit cards in India is given below:
1. Axis Bank ACE Credit Card
If you want to save money directly from everyday expenses be it bills, food delivery or travel then Axis Bank ACE is the best choice for you. This card offers straight cashback, without any complicated reward points system.
Cashback Highlights
5% cashback on utility bills & mobile‑DTH recharges via Google Pay (up to ₹500 per month)
4% cashback on apps like Swiggy, Zomato, Ola (up to ₹500 per month)
1.5% cashback on all other spends, without any cap
Extra Rewards
4 free domestic lounge visits on spends of ₹50,000 in the last 3 months.
Fuel surcharge waiver: Up to 1% in ₹400–₹4,000 range (₹500/month cap)
Up to 15–20% discount at 4,000+ partner restaurants.
Fees & Waiver :
Joining Fee: ₹499 + GST (First year waiver possible)
Annual Fee: ₹499 + GST from second year onwards, waiver on fees if annual spend is more than ₹2 lakh.
Overall, Axis ACE is a simple and powerful cashback card, helping you earn cashbacks on everyday spends in a smart way.
2. Flipkart Axis Bank Credit Card
For those who buy from platforms like Flipkart, Myntra or Swiggy for their daily needs, this card proves to be a great deal. With guaranteed cashback on every purchase and numerous partner offers, this card makes daily spending rewarding.
Cashback benefits
5% assured cashback on transactions on Flipkart and Cleartrip
4% cashback on brands like Swiggy, Uber, PVR
1.5% cashback on all other spends, without any limit
Upon activation, get a Flipkart voucher of ₹500 and exclusive discounts on Swiggy
Extra rewards on travel and lifestyle
4 complimentary domestic lounge visits on spending ₹50,000 annually
Up to 20% discount at select restaurants, under the Dining Delights program
Fuel and EMI convenience
1% surcharge waiver on fuel transactions from ₹400 to ₹4,000, up to ₹400 per month
1.5% unlimited cashback on transaction value on converting Flipkart merchant transaction to EMI.
Fees and Variants
Joining Fee ₹500 + GST
Annual fee waiver from next year if spending ₹3.5 lakh in a year
For those who shop regularly on e-commerce, this card offers great cashback along with travel and dining benefits. A complete rewards package that gives more value at a low fee.
3. Amazon Pay ICICI Bank Credit Card
If shopping from Amazon has become a habit, then this card opens the way to smart savings with great cashback on every order. The best part – this card is life-time free, i.e. no joining or annual fee is required.
Cashback Benefits :
Prime members get 5% cashback on Amazon
Non-Prime members get 3% cashback
2% cashback on Amazon Pay partners like Swiggy, BookMyShow
1% cashback on all other expenses, directly in Amazon Pay balance
Key points :
No limit on cashback
Completely digital onboarding, without any paperwork
The card can be used instantly by linking it to Amazon account
Fuel surcharge and EMI facility :
1% surcharge waiver on fuel transactions of ₹400 to ₹4,000
Facility to convert any big expense into EMI is also available
Fees and charges :
Zero joining fee and zero annual fee, i.e. completely free
No hidden charges, everything is transparent
Whether you are a Prime member or occasional shopper – Amazon Pay ICICI card gives you the opportunity to save on every transaction, without any hassle. This free card turns every spend into a smart investment.
4. SBI Cashback Card
For those making frequent digital payments, this card is very beneficial. You get assured cashback on every expense, which gets adjusted directly in the next billing cycle – no reward points, no hassle of redemption.
Cashback Highlights :
5% cashback on online partner brands
1% cashback on all other card spends
Cashback gets automatically adjusted in the monthly billing statement
No manual redemption required
Travel & EMI Benefits :
4 complimentary lounge access annually at domestic airports
Facility to convert big spends into EMIs also available
Fuel Waiver & Limitations:
1% surcharge waiver on fuel spends between ₹500 and ₹3,000
No cashback on wallet load, rent, and select utility payments
Fees & Waiver :
Joining & Annual Fee: ₹999 + GST
Full annual fee waived off after spending ₹1 lakh in a year
Cashback SBI Card is the easiest way to get direct cashback — without any technical points system, providing benefits directly in the credit card bill.
5. HDFC Regalia Gold Credit Card
HDFC Regalia Gold is designed for those who want to get something extra from every expense – be it shopping, travel or luxury lifestyle. It offers huge rewards and great travel benefits.
Key Highlights :
Get 20 reward points per ₹150 on spends at Marks & Spencer, Myntra, Reliance Digital and Nykaa
Get 4 reward points per ₹150 on all other spends
Get flight vouchers worth up to ₹10,000 on annual spends of ₹5 lakh and an additional voucher of ₹5,000 on spends of ₹7.5 lakh
₹1,500 vouchers on spending ₹1.5 lakh every quarter
Lounge & Travel Privileges :
12 complimentary lounge access annually in India
6 complimentary accesses through Priority Pass for international travel
Accidental air insurance worth ₹1 crore and overseas hospitalization cover up to ₹15 lakh
Redemption & Flexibility :
Reward points can be redeemed for flights, hotels, luxury gifts and statement balance
From SmartBuy Value on redemption is ₹0.50-₹0.65 per point
Charges & Waiver :
Joining & Annual Fee: ₹2,500 + GST
Fee waiver for next year if you spend ₹4 lakh in a year
HDFC Regalia Gold is a premium card that rewards smart spenders at every level – be it luxe shopping or annual international trips.
6. Axis Bank ATLAS Credit Card
Axis Bank Atlas is designed for those who travel frequently and want to make the most of every international or domestic trip. This card covers your every travel need — from lounge access to airmiles.
Travel-Focused Benefits :
Complimentary lounge access at both domestic and international airports
Silver, Gold and Platinum Tier Status available as per spending
Miles System Earned EDGE Miles can be redeemed across multiple international airline partners.
Milestone & Rewards :
5 EDGE Miles are earned for every ₹100 spent internationally
2 EDGE Miles are earned per ₹100 spent domestically
Platinum Tier benefits are unlocked when you spend ₹7.5 lakh annually
₹5,000 Welcome Voucher (in lieu of ₹5,000 joining fee)
Global Lounge & Insurance :
Up to 12 complimentary international lounge access per year via Priority Pass
Comprehensive Travel Insurance which includes air accident cover and emergency hospitalization
Miles Redemption :
EDGE Miles can be converted into flights, hotels or partner airline miles
1 EDGE Mile can be worth up to ₹1 when redeemed through Axis Bank Travel EDGE platform for flight and hotel bookings.
Charges & Waiver :
Joining/Annual Fee: ₹5,000 + GST
Axis Atlas is perfect for travellers who want to earn rewards from every flight booking, international trip or luxury travel. This card not only gives miles but also access to a premium lifestyle.
7. HDFC Infinia Metal Edition
If you are looking for a card that is the perfect combination of luxury, travel and high-end rewards, then HDFC Infinia Metal Edition is the best option. This card is available on an invite-only basis, and is designed for high-spenders.
Key Highlights :
5 reward points on every ₹150 spent
Unlimited Complimentary Airport Lounge Access – both in India and abroad
Club Marriott membership is available in leading hotel chains, which can save up to 20%
For golf enthusiasts: Unlimited complimentary golf games
Travel & Lifestyle Privileges :
Points redemption value up to ₹1 per point on flights, hotels and premium products
Global lounge network benefits through Diners Club network
Air accident insurance and medical emergency coverage worth ₹1 crore
Rewards & Benefits :
Points have no expiry
Reward Points can be converted into flights, hotels, airmiles or statement credit
10X rewards on select transactions through SmartBuy
Charges & Eligibility :
Joining & Annual Fee: ₹12,500 + GST
Next year’s fee gets waived once you spend ₹10 lakh annually
HDFC Infinia is for those who live a premium lifestyle and want maximum value from every spend. This card is not just a payment tool, but a statement – of luxury and status.
8. American Express Platinum Travel Card
For frequent travellers, this card makes every flight and hotel booking more rewarding. With great reward points and travel vouchers, you get the most out of every spend.
Key Travel Benefits :
Get a Taj Experiences E-Gift card worth ₹10,000.
15,000 membership points on annual spend of ₹1.9 lakh that can be redeemed on Platinum Travel Collection or Amex Travel Online.
Complimentary airport lounge access – 8 domestic visits every year
Reward Program :
1 Membership Reward Point for every ₹50 spent
MR Points can be easily redeemed for flights, hotel bookings and gift vouchers
Milestone-based benefits increase travel rewards every year
Annual Fees & Charges :
Joining Fee: ₹3,500 + GST
Renewal Fee: ₹5,000 + GST
Extra value through Amex Offers and dining privileges
American Express Platinum Travel Card is a perfect choice for those who want to spend more significantly on travel. Travel is a huge part of lifestyle and the more you spend, the greater the travel benefit — that too with a seamless and premium experience.
9. HPCL IDFC FIRST Power Credit Card
The HPCL IDFC FIRST Power Credit Card is designed for individuals who frequently spend on fuel, utility bills, and daily essentials. With impressive fuel savings, UPI compatibility, and added perks like roadside assistance, it’s one of the most value-driven fuel credit cards in India.
Key Benefits :
Up to 5% savings on fuel at HPCL outlets
2.5% savings on grocery, utility bills, and IDFC FASTag recharges
2X Reward Points on all other retail and UPI spends
Complimentary Roadside Assistance up to 4 times a year (worth ₹1,399)
Reward Structure :
15X Reward Points on fuel purchases at HPCL outlets (up to 5% value)
15X Reward Points on grocery, utility, and FASTag recharge (up to 2.5% value)
2X Reward Points on all other UPI and retail spends (up to 2.5% value)
1 Reward Point = ₹0.25 when redeemed
Annual Charges :
Joining Fee: ₹199 + GST
Annual Renewal Fee: ₹199 + GST
Fee Waiver: Annual fee is waived on spends of ₹50,000 or more in a card anniversary year
If your monthly budget includes regular fuel, utility, and UPI spends, the HPCL IDFC FIRST Power Credit Card is a smart, low-fee option. It combines practical benefits with good cashback potential and extra perks like roadside assistance, making it an excellent everyday card.
10. IndianOil Axis Bank Credit Card
If you want to manage your everyday fuel expenses smartly, then IndianOil Axis Bank Credit Card is a practical and rewarding option. Especially for those who use their vehicle daily.
Key Benefits :
Up to 5% benefit at IndianOil petrol pumps (4% value back + 1% surcharge waiver)
20 Reward Points are available on ₹100 spent at IOCL outlets.
1% cashback is available on online shopping
Up to 15% discount on dining – through Axis Bank’s Dining Delights program
Reward Structure :
₹100 fuel spend = 20 RP (₹5 value)
₹100 online spends = 1 RP
₹100 other spends = 1 RP
RP can be converted into cashback or vouchers
Annual Charges :
Joining Fee: ₹500 + GST
Annual Fee: ₹500 (waived off on ₹50,000 annual spend)
Welcome benefit: ₹250 worth fuel vouchers on 1st transaction within 30 days
This card is for people who spend a significant portion of the month on fuel and want a consistent cashback on the same spend. If you want to make your daily commute a little more economical, this is a solid choice.
How to Choose the Best Credit Card in India in 2025
It is crucial that a credit card be chosen wisely as cards with non-exclusive features and hefty fees can become a burden instead of a benefit. Therefore, some checks should be done before getting a card.
Check Joining and Annual Fees : Many credit cards have a joining or annual fee attached to it. If the benefits are less and the fees are high, then that card will not be beneficial.
Understand the Spending Pattern : It is important to know how you spend your money – online shopping, travel or daily use so that the card can be chosen according to your needs.
Credit Limit and EMI facility : Check the limit of the card and whether there is a facility to convert big expenses into EMI – move ahead only after knowing this.
Focus on Lifestyle Benefits : Extra benefits like dining offers, airport lounge access, fuel surcharge waiver add a lot of value in the long run.
Check the Reward Point System : Estimate the number of reward points that can be received based on your average expenditure and check how they can be redeemed.
Understand the Eligibility Criteria : Before choosing any card, make sure to check how easy or difficult its eligibility criteria are as some cards are invite-only.
SBI Cards and Payment Services Ltd. (SBICARD): The only publicly listed pure-play credit card company in India.
Process:Open a Demat and trading account with a stockbroker (e.g., via apps like Pocketful, INDmoney, Groww). Search for “SBICARD” and place a buy order.
Indirect Investment (via Banks):
Major Banks: Invest in large banks with significant credit card operations, as this segment contributes to their overall profitability.
Examples: HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Axis Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, RBL Bank.
Process: Similar to SBICARD, buy shares of these banks through your stockbroker.
Conclusion
Choosing a suitable credit card should not be based only on the offers or rewards but also on the user’s lifestyle, spending pattern and the facilities offered. In this blog, we have covered the top credit cards across different categories along with their features, charges and benefits. It is important to carefully understand the rewards structure, fees and eligibility criteria of each card before making a final decision so that the choice is in line with your financial goals.
A credit card allows cardholders to borrow money and repay it, including interest and other agreed-upon charges, either in full by the billing date or over time in the form of EMIs.
Which debit card type is most prevalent in India?
The popularity of Contactless Debit Cards has seen a massive uptrend.
Should I get a credit card?
A credit card helps you manage your finances by allowing you to repay after the billing cycle. While this is a revolutionary invention, people should be cautious and prevent maxing out their credit card limits. So, the decision to opt for a credit card should be taken after careful consideration.
What was the first credit card in India?
The first credit card in India was introduced by the Central Bank of India in collaboration with MasterCard and Visa in the late 1970s. It was known as the “Central Card”.
Can cash be withdrawn from an ATM using a credit card?
Yes, but immediate interest and cash advance charges are levied on it.
How is the credit card limit decided?
It depends on your income, credit score and repayment history.
Is there an annual fee for every card?
Some credit cards are lifetime free while others have annual charges.
What is the impact of delayed credit card payment?
Late payment attracts a late fee and also affects the credit score.
Is it necessary to provide income proof for every credit card?
Yes, income proof or ITR is required for most cards.
What is the most widely accepted type of credit card?
Visa and Mastercard are the most widely accepted credit cards due to their international presence.
We all know that it is mandatory to complete the KYC (Know Your Customer) process before you can invest in financial assets such as mutual funds. To make this process easy and control it from a single place, SEBI implemented the KRA (KYC Registration Agency) system, one of which is CAMS KRA. This agency stores and manages the KYC details of investors on a central platform.
In this blog, we will discuss the CAMS KRA in detail and how to check the KYC status.
What is CAMS KRA?
The full form of CAMS KRA is Computer Age Management Services – KYC Registration Agency. It is a leading KRA (KYC Registration Agency) of India, which got approval from SEBI in mid-2012. CAMS started in 1988 as an RTA (Registrar & Transfer Agent), but later it also started providing KYC verification services. The main work of CAMS KRA is to collect the KYC information of investors, verify it, and store it in a central database and share it with all financial intermediaries like mutual fund houses, brokers, and other SEBI-registered institutions.
The advantage of this is that once KYC is done, there is no need to submit documents on different platforms again and again. CAMS KRA has developed a trusted and regulated system, which makes the investment process fast, easy and secure.
How many KRAs are there in India?
There are 5 SEBI-registered KRAs in India that handle the KYC process of investors. The work of every KRA is almost the same, but there may be some difference in technical interface, speed and user experience.
Names of main KRAs :
CAMS KRA (CISPL)
CVL KRA (CDSL Ventures Limited)
Karvy KRA
NSDL KRA
NSE KRA (DotEx International)
KYC done with any of the KRAs is valid and once it is done, then the same process does not have to be done again in other intermediaries.
Every individual has a different financial profile, and accordingly, different types of KYC forms have been created on CAMS KRA. Choosing the right form makes the KYC process easier and faster. Below are some of the main form types:
Individual KYC Form : This form is for those who wish to invest in their individual name. It is required to be filled before starting investing in mutual funds, stocks or other financial products. Documents required: PAN card, Aadhaar card, address proof, and photo.
Non-Individual KYC Form : This form is for companies, trusts, partnership firms, HUFs (Hindu Undivided Families), etc. The format of the form and documents is different as there can be more than one authorized signatory. Documents required: Registration certificate, board resolution, PAN card, ID proofs of authorized representatives, etc., depending upon the applicant.
Minor KYC Form : This form is to be filled if an investment is being made in the name of a minor. It includes the child’s information as well as the guardian’s details and documents. Documents required are the child’s birth certificate, guardian’s PAN and Aadhaar.
Since the purpose of each form is different, it is very important to understand the type of form correctly while submitting the documents. This ensures that the KYC process is completed without any hindrance.
Advantages of CAMS KRA
CAMS KRA is a platform that not only makes the KYC process easy, but also completes it with confidence and regulations. Here are some of its key benefits:
Fast processing : The verification process usually takes between 2 to 10 working days, depending on the accuracy of submitted documents and completion of IPV.
Simple and clean interface : The website is designed in such a way that anyone can easily fill the form and upload documents, even if they do not have much technical knowledge.
Facility to check status anytime : If you want to know how far the KYC has progressed, you can login to CAMS KRA and check the status anytime and update the information if needed.
Compliance with SEBI rules : This platform works completely as per the regulations made by SEBI, which ensures that the process is being done in a transparent and correct manner.
No compromise on data security : User information like PAN, Aadhaar and other details are completely encrypted and stored on secure servers to ensure no data is leaked or misused.
Valid everywhere: Once KYC is completed on CAMS KRA, it is accepted by most mutual funds, stock brokers and other financial platforms. There is no need to re-do KYC.
CAMS KRA KYC Process: Step‑by‑Step
It is important to complete KYC before you start investing. Completing KYC through CAMS KRA is a simple process that can be completed both online and offline.
Step 1: Fill the correct form
First, choose the KYC form as per your profile (Individual, Non-Individual or Minor). The form requires basic information like name, date of birth, mobile number and address.
Step 2: Submit documents
PAN card, Aadhaar card (or other address proof), passport size photo and active mobile number are required. In online KYC, these have to be scanned and uploaded, while offline, a physical copy is given.
Step 3: In-Person Verification (IPV)
IPV is mandatory, which can be done through a video call or by visiting the nearest centre. Its purpose is to confirm the identity.
Step 4: Verification and Status Update
After verification of all the documents and details, the KYC status becomes “Verified” which can be checked online.
The entire process is regulated by SEBI and UIDAI, keeping investor data secure.
How to Check Your CAMS KRA KYC Status
Knowing whether KYC is complete or not is as important as submitting the documents. Many times, due to lack of information about the process, people assume that their KYC is completed, while it is stuck in the process. Therefore, it is wise to check the KYC status in time.
Online method
You can check your CAMS KRA KYC status by following the below steps:
First of all, go to camskra website.
Select “KYC Status” option.
Enter your PAN number there.
As soon as you submit, your KYC status may show as Registered, Validated, On Hold, or Rejected, depending on the progress and verification of your documents..
Offline method : For those who are not comfortable doing it online, they can visit the nearest CAMS centre and check the status by providing PAN details. The team at the centre helps with the process and informs the status immediately.
It is important to keep your KYC status updated to avoid investment disruptions, especially when the documents have been submitted recently.
Different CAMS KRA KYC Status
KYC status indicates the stage of identity and document verification in the investment process. Each status has a specific reason and the next step needs to be decided accordingly:
KYC Registered / Verified : This means that the entire process has been completed successfully. The documents have been verified and now there will be no hindrance in investing.
Under Process : This status means that the verification of documents or in-person verification (IPV) is still going on. The process may take some time to complete.
On Hold / Rejected : This means that some discrepancy has been found in the submitted documents such as difference in name, wrong address, incomplete form, etc.
CAMS KRA vs Other KRAs
There are five registered KRAs authorised by SEBI to regulate and record the KYC process in India CAMS KRA, CVL KRA, Karvy KRA, NSDL KRA and NSE KRA. All these agencies have the same objective: to keep a record of investors’ KYC information in a standardised and secure system.
Each KRA works as an independent entity but has interoperability. This means that if KYC is done on one KRA, the same information is considered valid on the platform of another KRA as well. This eliminates the need for investors to get a new KYC done every time.
Each KRA has its own system, data security model and technology structure. However, all KRAs are required to follow the rules and standards set by SEBI – to keep the process transparent and reliable.
Different financial institutions (such as mutual funds, stock brokers, etc.) are registered with these KRAs, but all have to follow the same KYC rules. The only difference is in which KRA the process is being done through.
Common problems related to CAMS KRA KYC and their solutions
Some of the common problems related to CAMS KRA KYC and their solutions are:
1. PAN details not showing: Sometimes errors like “PAN not found” can come up. In such a case, first check whether the correct PAN number has been entered or not, and whether it is linked in the government records or not.
2. Name or address not matching : If the name or address given in the KYC form is different from the document, then verification gets hindered. It is important that the information is filled exactly as per the documents.
3. Status is showing Rejected or On Hold : In such cases, often some documents are incomplete or some mistake is left. Read the remarks carefully and correct the mentioned deficiency and upload it again.
4. Technical issue : If the website is not loading properly, then clear the browser cache, try another browser or try from mobile.
Conclusion
CAMS KRA is an easy, secure and reliable way to complete the KYC process. Its interface and service are very useful for everyone, whether a new investor or an already registered one. Operating as per SEBI guidelines, this platform provides a strong foundation to start investing. With the right documents and a little time, anyone can easily check their KYC status and complete the process.
S.NO.
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In today’s world, everyone is in a hurry and digital payment mode plays an important role in it by helping you save time. However, with the rise of online payment modes, the number of frauds has also increased, which has caused various individuals to suffer losses.
In this blog, we will explain one such online payment fraud, which is known as “Fake Payment Screenshot”, and will also explain to you how to avoid such a fake screenshot.
What is a Fake Payment Screenshot?
A fake payment screenshot is an image designed by fraudsters to show that a financial transaction has been completed successfully. However, in reality, no money is transferred or paid. The fraudsters make an individual or business believe that the payment has been made successfully, which eventually leads to a financial loss for the investor. Nowadays, one can easily create such images using online tools.
Characteristics of a Fake Payment Screenshot
The key characteristics of a fake payment screenshot are as follows:
Fake Information: In a fake payment screenshot, the details like transaction ID, amount, date, and time, etc are not authentic.
No Real Time Confirmation: There is no real-time confirmation, i.e. the receiver does not receive any real-time confirmation from the bank account.
No Track Record: The receiver has no track record of receiving any payments, as there is no such transaction.
How Do Fraudsters Use a Fake Payment Screenshot?
The most common scenario where fake screenshots are used by a fraudster is as follows:
Offline Merchants: In this busy world, sometimes shopkeepers do not focus on double-checking whether the payments are received or not. Therefore, they are targeted by such fraudsters.
Online Businesses: Various individuals are running their businesses on social media platforms like Instagram, Facebook, etc., and they provide their services and products based on the screenshot provided by the customer.
Cash Transaction: In this scenario, the fraudster approaches an individual and asks them for cash. Once the victim gives them cash, they share the fake screenshot, indicating they have transferred the amount, causing loss to the victim.
Fake Transfer: Under this, the fraudster calls an individual and tells them that they had mistakenly transferred the money, sends them the screenshot and asks them to refund the amount.
How to Avoid Fake Payment Screenshot Scam?
There are various methods through which one can avoid losses due to fake payment screenshots; a few of these methods are mentioned below:
Verification of Transaction: You must check the transaction ID in your bank statement or UPI application to confirm the payment. As each UPI ID is different, if it does not match your bank statement or is not reflected in your bank statement, then the payment is not made by the concerned person.
Timing: Every transaction ID has a unique time stamp mentioned on it. So, whenever you receive any payment screenshot, you must first check the time stamp as it is possible that it may not be recent as fraudsters generally make mistakes while fabricating fake screenshots.
Authentic Platform: The platform you use for payments must be secure and authentic. It should have advanced security features to protect you against fake payment screenshots scams.
Conclusion
On a concluding note, in the digital world where online payments are the new normal, fraudsters use every possible technique to deceive people. Therefore, you need to be vigilant and use approved platforms for making and receiving payments. You can verify the screenshots’ transaction ID with your bank account or check the time stamp. You have to keep yourself updated about the methods used by such fraudsters; only then can you prevent yourself from any fake payments scams.
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A fraudster generally uses photo editing tools to create a fake payment screenshot, which generally replicates the screenshots of the original payment.
How to verify the payment screenshots?
The payment screenshot can be verified only by checking the time stamp on it, and double-checking the same with your bank or payment application.
Is there any tool which can identify the payment screenshot?
No application or website can detect the authenticity of any payment screenshot.
Can I take any legal action against someone using a fake payment screenshot?
Yes, if you find someone who is using a fake screenshot, then you can inform the concerned authorities about the same as it is a punishable offence.
What is the most reliable and instant way to verify the UPI payments?
The most reliable source to verify the payment is to check your bank account or official payment application.
Sometimes, while trading, you must have observed that a particular stock gets stuck in a range. Not going up, not crashing down, just hovering in range, making it nearly impossible for traders with either bullish or bearish positions to generate meaningful profits. However, there is a strategy that can be used in such a scenario to make profits, i.e., Iron Butterfly strategy. This options strategy is useful when you expect the asset price to move sideways.
In this blog, we will break down the Iron Butterfly strategy in simple language, how it works, when to use it, how much you can gain (or lose), and whether it makes sense for your trading style. Whether you are new to options or looking to sharpen your trading edge, after understanding the Iron Butterfly strategy, you’ll walk away with a clear understanding of what to do in a range-bound market.
Iron Butterfly Strategy: An Overview
The Iron Butterfly is a type of options strategy that traders use when they believe that a stock (or any other asset) is not going to show much movement in the near future. It is what you’d use if you think the price is going to stay right around where it is now, neither moving up nor crashing down significantly.
You visualize a zone, a price range, and hope the stock ends up near the middle of it. If it does, you realise profits. If it moves too far outside the zone, you lose money. However, both the maximum profits and maximum loss are limited.
To set this up, you use four options contracts, which are as follows;
You sell one at-the-money call
You sell one at-the-money put
You buy a call with a higher strike than the call sold to protect the upside
You buy a put with a lower strike than the put sold to protect the downside
When to Use the Iron Butterfly Strategy?
So, when should you use the Iron Butterfly? When you think the stock or index is going to stay range bound. No big moves, only moving slightly above or slightly below the current price.If you spot a stock that is expected to stay close to its current price until the options expire, the Iron Butterfly can be a good option. It is perfect for range-bound situations where the price seems stuck. The strategy also works well when volatility is high as most of the time volatility is mean-reverting and as the volatility cools off, the option premiums decline yielding profits.
Profit, Loss & Breakeven Analysis
Let us break down the most important part – how much you can make, how much you could lose, and where your break-even points are in case you plan to execute an Iron Butterfly strategy.
Maximum Profit
Your maximum profit is when the stock ends up exactly at the middle strike price, i.e., the strike price of at-the-money options you sold because, both the call and put you sold expire worthless (you keep the premium), and the two options you bought (the wings) also expire worthless, which means you keep the entire premium collected upfront.
Max Profit = Premium Collected
Maximum Loss
But what if the stock moves a lot, either up or down, and goes beyond the wings, i.e., the strike prices of the options you bought)?
That’s when one of the bought options comes into play as either the call with higher strike price gains in value or put with lower strike price rises, when you start losing money on one of the ATM option positions. In simple terms, your loss is capped because of the protective wings.
Max Loss = Distance Between Strike Prices – Net Premium Collected
Breakeven Points
There are two breakeven points, one on the upside and one on the downside. These are the prices at which you neither make nor lose money.
Upper Breakeven Point = ATM strike + Net Premium Collected
Lower Breakeven Point = ATM strike – Net Premium Collected
Example
Let’s say Stock ABC is currently trading at ₹100. You believe the stock is going to stay close to ₹100 for the next few weeks, not much movement up or down. We are considering the lot size of options contracts to be 100.
Sell 1 ATM Call with strike price 100 – Premium received is 6 Points or ₹600
Sell 1 ATM Put with strike price 100 – Premium received is 6 Points or ₹600
Buy 1 OTM Call with strike price 110 – Premium paid is 3 Points or ₹300
Buy 1 OTM Put with strike price 90 – Premium paid is 3 Points or ₹300
Net Premium Collected is (6 + 6) – (3 + 3) = 6 Points or ₹600
Now, at the expiry
Case 1: If Stock Ends at ₹100, then all options expire worthless, you keep the ₹600 premium and this is your maximum profit.
Net Profit = ₹600
Case 2: If Stock Falls to ₹97; ATM call, OTM call and OTM put are worth zero. However, ATM put has some value and the net P&L is calculated as:
P&L = ATM call value + ATM put value + OTM call value + OTM put value
Advantages & Risks of Using Iron Butterfly Strategy
Advantages
1. Limited Risk: Your maximum loss is capped and you know exactly how much you could lose before you even execute the trade. That makes it a safer bet than other strategies.
2. Defined Profit Range: You also know your max profit in advance, which helps you plan your risk-to-reward clearly.
3. Good for Range-Bound Markets: If you think the market will stay in a range, this strategy is a great way to make money.
4. Take Advantage of Time Decay: Because you are selling options at the money, you benefit from time decay, which means your position becomes profitable even if the stock does not move much.
Risks
1. Limited Reward: The potential profit is limited and the position must be held for a long time to take advantage of time decay.
2. High Risk if Stock Moves Sharply: If the stock makes a considerable move in either direction, it can result in maximum loss, especially in a volatile market.
3. Requires Precise Prediction: You need to be very accurate about where the stock price will be at expiry. Even small unexpected moves can turn profitable trades into losses.
4. Higher Brokerage Costs with 4 Legs: Since the Iron Butterfly strategy involves 4 option contracts, transaction costs can add up, especially for frequent traders.
Conclusion
The Iron Butterfly strategy is a steady, risk-defined approach for traders who believe a stock or index will remain in a zone for a while. With limited risk and limited reward, it is more about precision and patience. If you are someone who enjoys planning your trades carefully, managing risk, and profiting from sideways markets, the Iron Butterfly can be a great addition to your options strategies list.
That said, this strategy is not for every market condition. Significant events accompanied with sudden volatility can cause the prices to move considerably causing losses. Therefore, timing is everything. In the end, like any other strategy, success with the Iron Butterfly comes down to knowing when to use it and how to manage it.
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It is an options trading strategy consisting of 4 options contracts that yields profits when the stock stays near its current price and losses if it moves considerably.
Is the Iron Butterfly bullish or bearish strategy?
Neither, it is a neutral strategy. You use it when you expect little to no movement in the stock price.
How many options are used in an Iron Butterfly?
Four, you sell one call, sell one put (both of the same strike), and buy one OTM call and one OTM put.
How much can I lose if I use the Iron Butterfly Strategy?
The Iron Butterfly strategy is a risk-defined strategy, so your maximum loss is limited to the difference between the strike prices of the wings minus the net premium collected.
Is this strategy good for beginners?
It is not a simple strategy to manage, but once you understand how it works, it can be a smart and structured way to trade range-bound markets.
Nowadays, it is very important to have the correct mobile number linked to the Aadhaar card as it may be required for every other important task. Banking, government services, PAN card or OTP related facilities; everything requires your mobile number linked with your Aadhaar card. However, if your old mobile number has not been in use and you have switched to a new mobile number, then it becomes necessary to update it in the Aadhaar card database.
This blog explains in simple language how to change the mobile number linked to your Aadhaar card.
How to Change Mobile Number in Aadhaar Card Online?
In case you have a mobile number already registered with Aadhaar card and want to update it, you can follow the below steps:
Enter your Aadhaar number and the OTP sent to your registered mobile number.
Select ‘Mobile Number’ for update.
Enter the new mobile number and submit the request.
An Update Request Number (URN) will be generated for tracking the status.
Note: This online service is available only if your current mobile number is registered with Aadhaar.
If your mobile number is not linked with your Aadhaar, you must visit an Aadhaar Seva Kendra (Service Center) for the update. Online updates are not available for first-time linking. But an appointment can be taken in advance by visiting the UIDAI website, which can help you save time at the service center.
If you want to link a new mobile number to Aadhaar, then first you can follow these steps to book an appointment:
Step 2: Click on “My Aadhaar ” in the menu, then select the “Book an Appointment” option
Step 3: Enter the city or location and click on “Proceed”
Step 4: Enter the mobile number and captcha, then generate OTP
Step 5: After entering the OTP, click “Verify”
Step 6: Fill in the requested details – like name, Aadhaar number, date of birth, city and service center
Step 7: Select the option “Mobile Number Update”
Step 8: Choose the date and time as per your convenience and finalize the appointment
On the day of the appointment, you have to reach the service center at the scheduled time, where the mobile number will be updated after biometric verification. A fee of ₹50 is charged for this and a receipt is received in which the URN number is written. With the help of this URN, the status of the update can be tracked later on the UIDAI website.
Important thing: It is not necessary to get an OTP on the old number to update the mobile number. That is, even if the old number is not in access, the new number can still be updated.
How to Change Mobile Number in Aadhaar Card Offline?
If you want to update your mobile number and do not want to take an online appointment, then you can also change your number offline by going directly to the nearest Aadhaar Seva Kendra. The offline update process involves biometric verification, ensuring the identity of the person requesting the update.
Here, understand step-by-step how to update mobile number in offline Aadhaar :
1. Visit the nearest Aadhaar Seva Kendra : The address of the nearest center can be easily obtained from the UIDAI website.
2. Keep the original copy of the Aadhaar card with you : No other document is required, only Aadhaar is sufficient.
3. Fill the Aadhaar Update/Correction Form : Enter the new mobile number correctly in the form.
4. Complete biometric verification : After the fingerprint scan, the data is submitted to the UIDAI server.
5. Deposit a fee of ₹ 50 : This fee is fixed and a receipt for update is given.
6. The receipt has the Update Request Number (URN) : With this URN, the status of the update can be checked later on the UIDAI website.
The mobile number update typically takes around 30 days to complete, but it can take up to 90 days in some cases. Once processed, the new number will be linked to your Aadhaar and you will be notified.
After changing the mobile number, it is important to know whether the update has been done or not. It is very easy to check this, you just need to follow the steps given below:
Enter the URN number that you got when you updated your mobile number.
Enter the captcha and submit.
In a few seconds, you will know on your screen whether the update is still in process, has been completed or has been rejected.
This makes it easy to understand when your number will be updated.
Why Is It Necessary to Link Mobile Number with Aadhaar?
Linking a mobile number to an Aadhaar card has become very important in today’s time as mentioned in the points below.
Necessary for receiving OTP : Important OTP (One Time Password) comes on the mobile number linked to Aadhaar , which is necessary for many government and banking services. Without a linked mobile number, it becomes difficult to use these services.
Get updates and security notifications immediately : When the mobile number is linked to Aadhaar , notifications of updates or changes are received immediately, which maintains identity security. If any fraud occurs, it is detected quickly.
Helpful in government and financial work : Aadhaar linked mobile number is also required in processes like opening bank accounts, taking subsidies, getting a PAN card.
Linking a mobile number to Aadhaar is not only convenient but is also very important from the security point of view. This makes both government services and digital transactions simple and reliable.
Linking or updating your mobile number in the Aadhaar card makes access to digital services easy and secure. Many important tasks are completed without any hassle when the mobile number is linked with your Aadhaar card. It is important to update if you have changed your mobile number so that full benefits of the digital facilities can be availed.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS)
How can I change my mobile number in Aadhaar?
To change the mobile number, one has to go to the nearest Aadhaar service centre and it is updated after biometric verification.
Can I update my Aadhaar mobile number online?
The mobile number can be updated online, but it is necessary to have access to your old mobile number as OTP is required.
Is OTP required to change mobile numbers in Aadhaar?
No, OTP is not required to change the mobile number as you can easily visit the nearest Aadhaar Seva Kendra to get your mobile number updated.
Can I link multiple phone numbers with a single Aadhaar card?
No, only one mobile number can be linked to one Aadhaar card.
How to check the status of mobile number update in Aadhaar?
You can check the status of your update application by entering the URN number on the UIDAI website.
Ever looked at the price tag of that beautiful gold necklace and wondered why it costs so much more than the “per gram” rate you see online? It’s not just the making charges, it is the GST on gold purchase that’s quietly increasing the price tag.
For Indian families planning weddings or looking to invest, understanding GST on gold purchase in India 2025 isn’t just general knowledge; it’s essential financial wisdom. The government keeps tweaking these rates, leaving jewellers scrambling and buyers confused. Remember when GST first hit the gold market? The chaos was real.
In this blog, we will discuss the GST applicable on Gold purchase in India in 2025.
What is GST & Why does it apply to Gold?
GST stands for Goods and Services Tax. It’s a single, nationwide tax that replaced all the complicated old taxes like VAT, excise duty, and service tax back in July 2017. The idea behind GST is simple, and instead of having different taxes at every step, we now have one clear tax rate applicable across the country on most goods and services, including gold.
When you buy gold, whether it’s jewellery, coins, or even digital gold, you’re making a purchase, and purchases are taxable.
Here’s why GST applies to gold:
Just like clothes or electronics, gold is a physical item you’re buying, so it falls under GST.
The amount you pay for the design and craftsmanship of jewellery (called making charges) is considered a service, and services are also taxed under GST.
Before GST, different states had different taxes on gold. Now, it’s the same across India, which makes things a lot simpler for buyers. It brings transparency, i.e., with a uniform tax rate, it’s easier to understand what you’re paying for, and harder for sellers to hide extra charges.
So in short, GST helps bring clarity, fairness, and consistency to gold purchases — whether you’re buying a simple gold coin or a wedding necklace.
GST Rate on Gold
The GST rate on gold in India is currently set at 3% on the value of gold purchased.
1.5% Central GST (CGST)
1.5% State GST (SGST)
For interstate transactions, a 3% Integrated GST (IGST) applies instead of the CGST and SGST combination.
1. Additional GST on Making Charges
Making Charges are defined as charges that are applied to the labour cost charged by jewellers for crafting the gold into jewellery
Besides the basic rate on gold value, there is an additional GST on making charges:
5% GST is applicable on making charges for gold jewellery
2.Total GST Calculation Formula
To calculate the total GST amount on your gold purchase:
Calculate GST on the gold value: Gold Value × 3% = GST on Gold Value
Calculate GST on making charges: Making Charges × 5% = GST on Making Charges
Determine the total GST amount: Total GST = GST on Gold Value + GST on Making Charges
Calculate final purchase price: Final Price = Gold Value + Making Charges + Total GST
For Example
You want to buy gold worth ₹50,000 with INR 3,000 as making charges.
Now, let us calculate the total amount payable by Mr. A when purchasing Gold.
Total value of Gold = ₹50,000
GST Payable = 3% * ₹50,000 = ₹1,500
GST Payable on Making Charges = 5% of 3,000 = ₹150
Amount Payable = ₹50,000 + ₹1,500 + ₹150
= ₹51,650
Factors Affecting GST Calculation
Several factors influence the final GST amount:
Purity of Gold: Higher karat gold generally means higher gold value and consequently higher GST.
Weight of the Gold: More weight equals more value and higher GST.
Complexity of Design: Intricate designs lead to higher making charges and thus higher GST on those charges.
Understanding how GST is calculated helps consumers make informed decisions when purchasing gold and enables better financial planning for significant gold investments.
24 carat gold represents the purest form of gold available in the market, with 99.9% purity. As we enter 2025, the GST structure for this premium quality gold remains consistent with the unified tax framework implemented across India.
For 24-carat gold purchases in 2025, the GST rate continues to be 3% on the value of gold purchased. This rate applies uniformly across all states in India, ensuring consistency in pricing nationwide.
Special Considerations for 24 Carat Gold
Pure 24-carat gold has some distinct considerations under GST:
Gold bars and coins – Standard 3% GST applies to all forms of 24 carat gold, whether coins, bars, or bullion.
Digital gold – When purchasing 24-carat gold in digital form, the same 3% GST applies at the time of allocation.
Import implications – Imported 24-carat gold attracts customs duty in addition to the 3% GST, affecting the final price.
The consistent application of the 3% GST rate on 24-carat gold provides clarity for investors and consumers alike, making tax calculation straightforward regardless of where the purchase is made within India.
The GST rate for 22 carat gold in India follows the same tax structure as other gold purities, with a combined rate of 3% GST. This rate applies uniformly across the country, ensuring consistency in gold pricing regardless in which state you purchase gold.
1. GST Breakdown for 22 Carat Gold
For 22 carat gold, which contains 91.6% pure gold (22 parts gold out of 24), the GST is applied as follows:
Basic GST rate: 3% (comprising 1.5% CGST and 1.5% SGST)
GST on Making charges : 5% of making charges
2. GST On 18 Carat Gold Purchase
When you buy 18-carat gold, you’re usually purchasing it in the form of jewellery, often mixed with diamonds, gemstones, or modern designs. Since it contains less pure gold than 22K or 24K, it’s more affordable, but GST is still applied.
Here is how GST is charged on 18K Gold Jewellery,
3% GST on the gold value and 5% GST on making charges
GST on Digital Gold and Gold ETFs in India
With more people turning to online platforms to invest in gold, digital gold and Gold ETFs have become popular alternatives to physical jewellery. But what about taxes? Let’s break it down in simple terms:
What is Digital Gold?
Digital gold is actual gold purchased online and stored safely in a vault by the company offering digital gold. You can start with as little as ₹100 worth of gold.
Is GST Applicable on Digital Gold?
Yes, GST is charged on digital gold just like on physical gold.
3% GST is added at the time of purchase.
This tax is on the gold’s value, not on the service or platform fee.
Even though you’re buying it online, it’s still physical gold being stored for you, so the same GST rules apply.
So, if you buy ₹1,000 worth of digital gold, you’ll be paying ₹1,030 (₹1,000 + ₹30 GST).
What About Gold ETFs?
Now, here’s where things are different: investment gold products like ETFs and bonds are treated more like financial assets than physical goods.
Gold ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds):
No GST is charged when you buy or sell Gold ETFs.
You may pay brokerage charges and Securities Transaction Tax (STT), but not GST.
However, when Gold ETFs are redeemed for physical gold, 3% GST applies on the actual gold delivered.
To summarise,
Type
Description
GST Rate
24 Carat Gold
Pure gold (like coins or biscuits)
3%
22 Carat Gold
Commonly used in traditional jewellery
3%
18 Carat Gold
Popular in fashion and diamond jewellery
3%
Digital Gold
Becoming increasingly popular among younger investors.
Gold never goes out of style, but how we purchase or invest in it has evolved, mainly because of GST. Knowing how GST works helps you plan your purchase and prevents surprises when you get your bill. If you understand the applicable taxes, you will have a better idea of how to make the most of your shopping budget. However, it is advised to consult a tax professional for more information about how GST is charged on gold purchases.
