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  • Ketan Parekh Scam Explained: K-10 Stocks, Front-Running, and Lessons for Investors

    Ketan Parekh Scam Explained: K-10 Stocks, Front-Running, and Lessons for Investors

    The Indian securities market has witnessed several cases of large-scale manipulation over the years, and one of the most notorious among them is the K-10 scam, masterminded by stockbroker Ketan Parekh. This scam not only shook investor confidence but also wiped out an estimated ₹30,000 to ₹40,000 crore in investor wealth.

    In this blog, we will give you an overview of who Ketan Parekh is and how he conducted scams in the Indian Market, leading to massive losses for Indian investors.

    Who was Ketan Parekh and What was the K-10 scam?

    Ketan Parekh was a stockbroker and was associated with NH Securities. He was also an associate of Harshad Mehta, who was a key figure behind the 1992 securities market scam. He was involved in a scam, which was also known as the “K-10 Stocks Scam”. In this scam, he identified 10 stocks that generally have low liquidity and manipulated their prices. He borrowed funds from Madhavpura Mercantile Cooperative Bank, created artificial demand, and generated hype in the media regarding these 10 stocks. He also conducted circular trading in which the buying and selling of stocks is conducted between related parties. 

    The stocks which were selected by Ketan were related to the IT and media sectors. In the pump and dump strategy adopted by Ketan Parekh, the prices of those 10 stocks were inflated artificially, and when the retail investor purchased those stocks, they were dumped by him.

    How was the Ketan Parekh Scam Exposed?

    The scam was exposed when the Securities and Exchange Board of India noticed some unusual price movements in a few selected stock prices. When the case was investigated by the SEBI, it was found that Parekh had taken a huge loan from the Madhavpura Mercantile Cooperative Bank. SEBI traced the circular trading between the Parekh firm and linked brokers. 

    Impact on the Securities market after the Ketan Parekh Scam

    The stock market crashed after the 2001 Union Budget because the K-10 stocks crashed. Around 30 to 40 thousand crore of investor wealth was wiped out during such a correction. Retail investors faced a huge setback and lost faith in the market. 

    Another Scam by Ketan Parekh

    After the 2001 K-10 scam, Ketan Parekh was barred from participating in the securities market. But despite this, he was involved in another front-running scam. A front-running scam is an illegal practice in which someone with insider information executes trades, through which they earn profit from the anticipated price movement a large order will cause. 

    Let’s understand the front running with an example: when a large buyer is about to execute a large trade, the front runners purchase the stock at a lower price and then sell it once the order is placed by the big buyer; thereby selling at a higher price and realizing quick profits. From this whole process, Ketan Parekh gained around ₹65.7 crore between 2021 and June 2023. 

    How was this Scam Exposed?

    In early 2025, SEBI uncovered a sophisticated front-running operation led by Ketan Parekh, netting him approximately ₹65.7 crore. Parekh leveraged insider information, leaked by a Singapore-based intermediary about large institutional trades. Acting on real-time intelligence, his network placed strategic early trades ahead of these orders. As the institutional transactions hit the market and prices shifted, Parekh’s team swiftly profited. The investigation revealed a complex scheme involving multi-tiered trading structures, covert communications (via burner phones and WhatsApp), and even informal cash settlements. 

    SEBI tracked over 10 mobile numbers, which were saved under various names, including Jack, Boss, John, and Bhai, among others. By analyzing these calls and hotel check-ins, SEBI traced Ketan Parekh’s trading activities. SEBI’s fast, multi-location raids resulted in interim trading bans on Ketan Parekh and 10 other entities and ₹65.7 crore in liability against Parekh.

    SEBI banned Ketan Parekh and 2 others from accessing the securities market and froze their trading accounts. 

    Lesson for Investors

    There are certain lessons that an investor should learn from the scam of Ketan Parekh. A few such lessons are as follows:

    1. Do not follow the trend: Generally, investors follow stocks that are hyped because of their constant rise in prices. 
    2. Stocks Trading at Upper Circuits: As an investor, it is advised to avoid stocks that constantly trade at upper circuits. 
    3. Low Liquidity: Generally, stocks that have low volume are easy to manipulate; therefore, one should avoid investing in stocks that have low liquidity.
    4. Company Financials: Before investing in any stock, through research should be conducted, including an analysis of the company’s revenue, profits, debt, and other key financial metrics.

    Conclusion

    On a concluding note, we all know that investment in shares or equity helps us create wealth in the long run, but due to certain scams, such as the K-10 scam, investors lose confidence in the financial markets. Investors must stay vigilant, focus on strong fundamentals, and avoid shortcuts that promise quick gains. Always remember: informed, disciplined investing is the key to success. Therefore, it is advised to consult your investment advisor before making any investment decision.

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    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Who is Ketan Parekh?

      Ketan Parekh is a former trader and investor who initially worked as a stockbroker in the Indian stock market. He was involved in two scams, the first one known as the K-10 Stocks Scam, and the second was a front-running case.

    2. What is front-running?

      Front-running is an illegal practice in which a trader buys specific securities before a large order is placed in those securities based on insider information. When the big orders are placed, the investor sells those securities at a higher price and makes illegal profits from it.

    3. What are the major actions taken by SEBI against Ketan Parekh?

      SEBI has barred Ketan Parekh from accessing the securities market and instructed him to return ₹65.7 crore earned illegally.

    4. How can investors protect themselves from scams like Ketan Parekh’s?

      Investors should research thoroughly, avoid hype-driven or low-liquidity stocks, focus on strong fundamentals, diversify investments, and consult a trusted advisor to reduce the risk of falling for scams.

    5. Is Ketan Parekh still alive?

      Yes, Ketan Parekh is still alive, and he is being investigated by SEBI in a new front running case.

    6. Where is Ketan Parekh now?

      Ketan Parekh is alive, recently arrested in 2025 for a ₹130 crore fraud. He is banned from the stock market, with his accounts frozen, and is currently in legal custody.

  • Blinkit vs Zepto: Which is Better?

    Blinkit vs Zepto: Which is Better?

    Imagine on a Sunday evening you’ve decided to cook a special dinner for your family. You have started preparing the meal, the pan is on the stove, the oil is sizzling, only to find that you’ve run out of few key ingredients required. The nearest kirana store is a 15 minute walk away, and you just don’t have the time.

    Just a few years ago, this would have been a frustrating situation but today, you pull out your phone, tap a few buttons, and in less than 10 minutes, a delivery person is at your door with everything you require. In this blog, we will compare Blinkit and Zepto, the two major players in the Indian Quick Commerce segment.

    Introduction to Quick Commerce

    Think of it as e-commerce, but at a super-fast forward pace. It’s the business of delivering things you need, like groceries, medicines, and even electronics, to your doorstep in minutes, not hours or days.   

    And in India, it’s not just a new trend, it’s a revolution. The market has exploded from just $300 million in 2022 to a projected $7.1 billion by the end of 2025. That’s a 24-fold increase, and by 2030, experts believe it could be worth a massive $35 billion industry.   

    But why is this happening so fast, especially in India? There are a few simple reasons:

    • Fast Paced Life : In big cities like Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Delhi, life is fast. Juggling work, family, and traffic makes a quick trip to the store feel like a huge task. Quick commerce saves us precious time.   
    • Young Population : Almost half of India’s population is under the age of 30. This young, tech-savvy generation grew up with smartphones and expects everything instantly.   
    • Digital Power : With so many people using smartphones and UPI, ordering and paying for things online has become second nature. These digital facilities make quick commerce possible.   
    • The COVID-19 Push : The pandemic changed our habits, many of us tried online grocery shopping for the first time. We got used to the convenience, and the habit stuck around even after lockdowns ended.   

    This isn’t just about getting your groceries faster. This massive shift shows that as a country, we are starting to value our time just as much as our money. The demand for instant services is a sign of a modern, developing economy, and it’s attracting investors from all over the world who see India’s potential.   

    At the heart of this revolution are two companies that have become household names : Blinkit and Zepto.

    About Blinkit

    Its story didn’t start with a 10-minute delivery app. In fact, it started way back in 2013 under a different name that you might remember as Grofers.   

    Founded by Albinder Dhindsa and Saurabh Kumar, Grofers was built for planned monthly grocery shopping. You’d make a list, place a big order, and get it delivered in a day or two. But as the market changed, Grofers didn’t have a choice other than to adapt to the changing market or become irrelevant.

    In 2021, they made a bold move. They completely changed their business, rebranded to Blinkit, and made a new promise : delivery “in the blink of an eye”. This wasn’t just a new name. It was a complete transformation to fight in the new 10-minute delivery market. Then came the masterstroke, in 2022, the food delivery giant Zomato bought Blinkit for $568 million. This was a game changer as Zomato’s deep pockets and massive delivery army gave Blinkit the firepower it needed to scale up and dominate the market.   

    Read Also: Blinkit Case Study: Business Model, Financials, and SWOT Analysis

    About Zepto

    If Blinkit is the experienced veteran, Zepto is the young, fiery challenger who changed the game. It was founded in 2021 by Aadit Palicha and Kaivalya Vohra, two 19-year-old friends who dropped out of a prestigious computer science program at Stanford University to build their company in India.   

    Their big idea came from their own frustration during the COVID-19 lockdown. They saw that even online grocery orders were taking days to arrive. They realized that people really wanted groceries instantly.

    So, they built a company around one simple, powerful promise : delivery in 10 minutes. They pioneered the “dark store” model in India, setting up a network of mini warehouses in dense neighborhoods to make these super fast deliveries possible.   

    Their idea was so powerful that it became an instant sensation. In less than two years, Zepto became a “unicorn,” a startup valued at over $1 billion. They didn’t just build a successful company, they set a new standard that forced established players like Blinkit to completely reinvent themselves.  

    Read Also: Zepto Case Study: Business Model and SWOT Analysis

    Blinkit vs Zepto

    So, when you’re hungry and need something fast, which app should you open? Let’s break it down.

    The Core Battleground: Service, Speed, and Selection

    Here is a quick look at how the two services compare on the things that matter most to you.

    Features Blinkit Zepto
    Delivery TimePromises 10-15 minute delivery. Average time can be slightly longer but still quick.Famous for its 10-minute promise and is very consistent in hitting this target in its service areas.
    Product Range Very wide range. Groceries, fresh produce, electronics, beauty products, and even stationery.More focused on high demand daily essentials like groceries, snacks, and drinks. The range is growing but is more curated.
    Delivery Charges Has variable delivery fees, surge pricing during peak hours, and other handling charges.Was the first to introduce a small platform fee. Also has delivery fees and late-night charges.
    App Experience Feature rich app with a powerful, AI-driven search. Praised for its clean, simple, and very fast app. It’s built for one thing : ordering quickly.

    Blinkit is currently the market leader in the country. It covers about 40-46% of the quick commerce market. Although Zepto is a strong competitor with about 21-29% market share.   

    Let’s dive into the strategies followed by both the giants as market share itself doesn’t tell us the whole story.

    • Blinkit’s Strategy : Backed by Zomato, Blinkit is focused on rapid expansion. It operates in over 30 cities, including many Tier-2 cities. It is also expanding its product range aggressively.   
    • Zepto’s Strategy : Zepto is more focused on tier 1 cities. It operates mainly in the top 10 metro cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, and Chennai. Its goal is to dominate these high-demand, profitable areas by offering the best possible experience before expanding further to tier 2 cities.   

    They compete with each other through “dark stores,” the small warehouses that are the heart of this business. Blinkit is on a mission to expand its network to over 2,000 stores by 2026, while Zepto is strategically growing its 650+ stores in the cities it serves.   

    Blinkit: SWOT Analysis

    Strengths 

    • Fundamentals : Strong financial backing and access to a huge delivery network makes it a strong player.
    • Market Dominance : It has the largest market share and a huge customer base across the country. 
    • Array of Products : Sells everything from groceries to electronics.

    Weakness

    • Expenses : The 10-minute model is very expensive to run, making profitability a big challenge.
    • Quality issues : Some users report issues with service quality and longer delivery times.
    • Delivery Partner Issues : It has faced strikes and protests from its delivery partners, making the task of achieving profitability challenging.

    Opportunities 

    • New Offerings : It can add more high-margin items like fashion, home decor, and more.
    • Tier-2/3 Cities : Huge potential for growth in smaller Indian cities where competition is lower as compared to tier 1 cities. 

    Threats 

    • Competition : Faces intense pressure from Zepto, Swiggy Instamart, and now big players like Flipkart and Amazon as well.  
    • Regulations : Government is increasing checks on dark store hygiene and gig worker policies, which could increase costs. 

    Zepto: SWOT Analysis

    Strengths 

    • Brand Image : Built a powerful identity around its 10-minute delivery promise. 
    • Advanced Tech : Zepto uses advanced technology and data very effectively to manage inventories.
    • Customer Reviews : Highly rated for its fast, reliable service and easy to navigate app.  

    Weaknesses 

    • High Capital Utilization : Relies heavily on investor money to fund its logistics, management and giving discounts. 
    • Limited Reach : Is only available in a few major cities, limiting its customer base.
    • Smaller Basket Size : Its focus on essentials means that the average order value is lower as compared to Blinkit’s. 

    Opportunities

    • Data and AI : Can use its data to predict customer needs during festivals or seasons and make operations more efficient.
    • Services addition : Can grow its Zepto Café business, which offers quick snacks and drinks. 

    Threats 

    • Market Saturation : Increasing market saturation in major urban areas poses a significant threat to Zepto, as the crowded competitive landscape limits opportunities for customer acquisition and market share growth.
    • Funding Risks : If investor funding dries up, it could struggle to compete with giants like Zomato backed Blinkit.  

    Read Also: Swiggy Vs Zomato: Business Model, Marketing Strategies, Strengths, and Financials Compared

    Conclusion

    After all this, you might still be asking, which one is better. The honest answer is, there is no single winner. The best app really depends on what you (the customer) needs. If you live in a big city and are looking for lightning-fast delivery of your daily essentials, then Zepto should probably be the choice. If you want a one stop shop where you can get clothes, gadgets, groceries or almost everything, you value the offers that come from being part of Blinkit. 

    S.NO.Check Out These Interesting Posts You Might Enjoy!
    1Zomato Case Study
    2CRED Case Study
    3Meesho Case Study
    4Swiggy Case Study
    5D Mart Case Study

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Which app shall I choose, Blinkit or Zepto? 

      It totally depends on what you need. Blinkit is great as it has a good variety of products available, if you are looking for super-fast, reliable delivery of daily essentials in big cities, Zepto is the option.

    2. Who has a faster delivery, Blinkit or Zepto? 

      Both the apps promise the customer to deliver items in about 10-15 minutes. Zepto built its brand on being the fastest among all, but Blinkit is also incredibly quick. Your actual delivery time will depend on your location, the time of day, and traffic.

    3. Which app is less costly in terms of fees and charges? 

      Prices are very competitive and might change often. Zepto sometimes has lower prices on staples, while Blinkit might have better discounts and offers. Both charge small delivery and platform fees, so it’s best to analyse the final cart value before ordering.

    4. What can I buy on these apps besides groceries? 

      Blinkit has a very wide range, including mobile phones, chargers, skincare products, and even printed documents. Zepto is also expanding beyond groceries into categories like personal care and small electronics.

    5. How does growing competition in metropolitan areas impact Zepto’s growth strategy?

      Growing competition in big cities limits Zepto’s ability to attract new customers, posing a threat to its growth as market saturation reduces room for expansion and increases pressure on margins.

  • Best SIP Apps in India for Investment 2025

    Best SIP Apps in India for Investment 2025

    SIP (Systematic Investment Plan) has become the preferred way to invest in mutual funds in India, with record collections of ₹26,688 crore in May 2025 and over 8.56 crore active accounts. As SIP AUM crosses ₹14.61 lakh crore, choosing the best SIP app in India has become essential for building wealth safely and systematically. The right app makes investing simple, disciplined, and goal-oriented.  

    This blog will discuss the top 10 SIP apps based on the latest features of 2025.

    What is SIP and why invest through SIP Apps?

    SIP (Systematic Investment Plan) is an investment method in which you invest a fixed amount in mutual funds every month. It is a disciplined and easy way to build wealth in the long run, especially for those who want to start with small investment amounts. In SIP, you take advantage of rupee cost averaging i.e. even if the market fluctuates, your average purchase price remains low.

    Why are SIP Apps important?

    In 2025, when almost everything has gone online, mobile apps have made everything even easier for SIP investments. Now you can invest in mutual funds from the comfort of your home, that too in just a few minutes.

    Benefits of SIP Apps :

    • The entire process is paperless and fast
    • You can easily track all your investments
    • Most apps offer you direct mutual funds, which saves commission
    • Goal-based investing and risk analysis tools help you analyze investment options better

    What should be there in a good SIP App?

    • Easy and user-friendly interface
    • Zero or very low charges
    • Access to all major mutual funds
    • Safe and SEBI-registered platform
    • Features like portfolio tracker and alerts

    SIP apps not only provide convenience, but have also become the smartest way to plan and manage your financial goals; so choosing the right best platform for SIP is important.

    Read Also: SIP in Stocks vs SIP in Mutual funds?

    10 Best Apps for SIP Investment in India (2025)

    App NameSIP & Lump Sum OptionKey HighlightsApp Ratings (Android / iOS)
    GrowwAvailableStocks, F&O, IPOs, UPI Autopay, clean UI4.7 * / 4.3 *
    Zerodha CoinAvailableUPI SIP, STP, low-cost direct plans3.8 * / 3.3 *
    KuveraAvailableUPI SIP, STP, low-cost direct plans4.6 * / 4.5 *
    Paytm MoneyAvailableMutual Funds + Stocks, Stock SIP, IPOs, GTT orders3.7 * / 4.4 *
    INDmoneyAvailableUS stocks, credit score, tax tools, MF loans4.6 * / 4.7 *
    ET MoneyAvailableSmart fund picks, insurance & loan access, tax-saver packs4.2 * / 4.4 *
    Upstox MFAvailableIntegrated with Upstox trading app, ₹0 brokerage, tax-saver funds4.5 * / 4.3 *
    FisdomAvailableMutual funds, stocks, IPOs, portfolio management services4.5 * / 4.7 *
    myCAMSAvailableSafe, paperless investing, no commission3.9 * / 3.1 *
    KFinKartAvailablePaperless and safe investing with no commission3.1 * / 2.8 *

    Note: App rating can change significantly based on launch of new features, better versions, etc., so check before choosing a SIP platform.

    Read Also: How to Cancel Mutual Fund SIP?

    Overview of 10 Best Investment Apps in India

    An overview of the 10 best investment apps in India is given below:

    1. Groww

    Groww is one of the most trusted and user-friendly SIP investment apps in India today. By 2025, Groww has over 50 million users and has become an excellent platform for beginners, especially those who are investing in mutual funds for the first time.

    Groww was started in Bengaluru in 2016, and was founded by four ex-Flipkart employees – who wanted to make investing simplified and digital.

    Key Features:

    • SIP and lump sum investments in mutual funds from all major AMCs
    • Easy and seamless SIP setup via UPI Autopay
    • Along with mutual funds, corporate bonds, F&O, IPOs and digital gold are also available for investments
    • Simple and clutter-free interface, which makes it easy for even new users to understand
    • Curated fund suggestions in the “Explore” tab

    Pros:

    • Zero commission on direct mutual funds
    • 100% paperless KYC and instant account activation
    • Very easy to track and manage

    Cons:

    • Goal-based planning features are still limited
    • Advance analytics tools are limited

    Charges:

    Groww does not charge for investing in mutual funds

    Flat charge of ₹20 per executed order is applicable for Stock/F&O trading

    Who is it suitable for?

    If you are investing via SIP for the first time and want an easy, reliable and digital experience, then Groww is one of the best choices.

    2. Zerodha Coin

    Zerodha Coin, an offering from Zerodha Broking Ltd, was launched in 2017 and has become the largest zero-commission platform for direct SIP investments in India. Zerodha was established in 2010 and has a reach of over 13 million clients, making investing in Coin a safe and reliable option.

    Key Features :

    • Zero-commission direct mutual funds (no leaked commission)
    • Instant mandate setup with UPI Autopay SIP – without ECS, and limit up to ₹1 lakh/day
    • STP (Systematic Transfer Plan) within the same AMC
    • Features such as weekly SIPs, XIRR, Family-portfolio views, etc. 

    Pros:

    • Zero commission investing in direct mutual funds
    • Part of the trusted Zerodha ecosystem

    Cons:

    • Zerodha Coin requires a Zerodha Demat account as mutual fund units are held in Demat form.
    • Limited options for goal-based investing, limited advanced analytics

    Charges:

    • Mutual Funds (SIP/lump sum) investing is absolutely free 
    • Demat account maintenance charges ₹300/year (Quarterly ₹75).

    Who is it right for?

    Coin is a perfect fit for those who have a Zerodha trading account and want commission-free SIPs. For active traders and investors who like to use advanced features, Coin is a strong choice.

    3. Kuvera

    Kuvera was started in 2016 in Bengaluru, and was founded by Gaurav Rastogi (ex‑Morgan Stanley) and Neelabh Sanyal (ex‑Axis Capital). In 2024, it was acquired by Cred, which further expanded its resources and reach. Kuvera has become the preferred platform for trusted, smart and growth‑oriented investors.

    Key Features:

    • Zero-commission for investing in direct mutual funds
    • Tax-harvesting & TradeSmart: Auto recommendations, exit-load and short‑term gain optimization for tax‑savings
    • Goal & Family Account: Create family investments and goal‑based SIP plans like child education, retirement, or other specific goals. 
    • Portfolio consolidation CAS‑based import makes all MF investments visible at one place
    • Asset classes like US stocks, fixed income & sovereign gold bonds also included by 2025

    Pros:

    • Completely commission-free investment in direct mutual funds through SIPs
    • Advanced portfolio tools and tax-saving features are great 

    Cons:

    • Some users have complained of UI and performance issues eKYC delays, app crash, duplicate SIPs
    • Customer support has improved since Cred acquisition

    Charges:

    • Absolutely free in Mutual funds (SIP/lump sum)
    • Other assets like US Stocks and FDs may have some nominal charges (check terms on platform)

    Who is it right for?

    • Investors looking for tax optimization
    • Like to set up family portfolios or goal-based SIPs
    • Trust DIY but want advanced tools

    4. Paytm Money

    Paytm Money was launched in January 2018 by One97 Communications (Paytm) to bring investing to India’s largest payment app. By 2025, the app has expanded rapidly, and has become popular for mutual funds as well as stock trading.

    Key Features:

    • Direct mutual fund SIP and lump sum investment across all major AMCs
    • Instant SIP setup with UPI Autopay no paperwork
    • Features across mutual funds as well as stocks, digital gold, NPS, F&O, IPO
    • Smart investing tools like SIP reminder widgets and All-in-One SIP
    • Start SIP from just ₹250 possible with flexible frequency

    Pros:

    • Zero commission direct SIP
    • Easy to start with Low entry SIP (₹250)
    • New trading tools like UPI Autopay, OCO (One Cancels Other) and GTT (Good Till Triggered) orders
    • Facility to do both SIP and stock investing in a single app

    Cons:

    • Sometimes there are complaints of delay or rejection in SIP mandate setup
    • Limited goal-planning and advanced analytics features

    Charges:

    • No charge for SIP and lump sum investment in mutual funds
    • On Stocks and F&O trading Flat brokerage of ₹20 per order

    Who is it right for?

    Paytm Money is great for those who want to do mutual fund SIPs as well as stock investing from a single platform. It is a flexible and all-in-one investing app for both beginners and active investors.

    5. INDmoney

    INDmoney is a modern super finance app that was launched in 2019. It is known not only for SIP but also for offering US stocks, fixed deposits, credit score tracking and goal-based financial planning. By 2025, INDmoney has established itself as an all-in-one personal finance platform.

    Key Features:

    • SIP and lump sum investment in mutual funds from all major AMCs
    • Scheduled recurring US stock investments with fractional shares, similar to SIP.
    • Credit score tracking, insurance, loan offers and financial reports all in one place
    • Personalized goal planner and family portfolio management
    • Insta Plus feature also offers instant loans on mutual funds

    Pros:

    • Zero commission SIP and global investing on one platform
    • Advance dashboard and insightful reports
    • Tax-saving options and flexibility of goal-based planning
    • Finance tools like credit score and loan eligibility

    Cons:

    • Too many app features can be overwhelming for beginners

    Charges:

    • SIP in mutual funds is completely free
    • There may be some nominal platform charges on US stocks and other financial products

    Who is it right for?

    INDmoney is great for investors who want to invest in US stocks along with SIP. This app is very useful for those who need credit score tracking, insurance and smart financial planning.

    6. ET Money

    ET Money is a trusted fintech platform launched in 2016 by Times Internet. It is known not only for SIP investment but also for features like insurance, credit score, expense tracking and tax-saving planning. By 2025, ET Money is being used by more than 1 crore users and its reputation is constantly getting stronger.

    Key Features:

    • SIP and lump sum investments in direct mutual funds from all major fund houses
    • One-click SIP setup starting from ₹500
    • Tax-saving ELSS funds and 80C planning tools
    • Monthly expense tracker and custom goal planner
    • NPS (National Pension Scheme) and insurance products also available

    Pros:

    • Direct SIPs without commission
    • Goal-based investing and smart fund recommendations
    • Integrated expense and insurance tracking in the app
    • Dedicated tools and reminders for tax-saving

    Cons:

    • SIP cancellation or modification sometimes has to be done manually
    • No advance analytics or international investment options

    Charges:

    • No charge for mutual funds SIPs
    • Third-party charges may apply for other services like NPS or insurance

    Who is it suitable for?

    ET Money is ideal for users who want to manage their personal finances along with SIP investments from one place. Especially those who want to keep track of expenses, tax planning and insurance together.

    7. Upstox

    Upstox, which started in 2009, is today one of the largest discount brokers in India. Its app provides the essential features of SIP in an easy and straightforward way, allowing investors to get started without any complications.

    Key Features:

    • SIP and lump sum investment facility on both app and website
    • SIP can be started from ₹100, depending on AMC
    • Access to mutual funds from all major AMCs
    • Fund filter and curated list help in choosing the right scheme
    • Stocks and mutual funds both can be managed from a single login

    Pros:

    • For those who are already using Upstox, starting a mutual fund is seamless
    • No brokerage or extra charge for SIP
    • The app interface is clean and user-friendly
    • It becomes easy to handle multiple investments from a single platform

    Cons:

    • Features like goal-based investing are not available yet
    • Manual process has to be followed to modify or cancel SIP

    Charges:

    • There is no charge for investing in mutual funds
    • The annual maintenance fee of Upstox demat account is ₹300 (₹75 quarterly)

    Who is it right for?

    If you already trade on Upstox and want to start investing in mutual funds as well, then Upstox is a practical and reliable option. Especially good for those who want to do SIP in various mutual funds.

    8. Fisdom

    Fisdom is an investment and wealth management platform started in 2015 in Bengaluru. It offers mutual fund SIPs as well as investment in stocks IPOs and portfolio management services. By 2025, Fisdom has gained a strong foothold among investors, especially in small towns.

    Key Features:

    • SIP and lump sum investment facility in mutual funds of all major AMCs
    • Goal-based SIP plans and ready-made fund baskets
    • Value-added services like NPS, health insurance and tax filing
    • Auto-debit mandate and real-time SIP tracking

    Pros :

    • Mutual funds as well as financial planning is done from one place
    • Simple guidance and curated fund packs for beginner investors
    • Additional features like tax tools, pension plans and insurance

    Cons:

    • App interface may seem a bit outdated to some users
    • Advanced analytics or research tools are not very strong

    Charges :

    • No charge on mutual fund investments (Direct plans available)
    • Some third-party services like tax filing or insurance may have nominal fees

    Who is it right for?

    Fisdom is perfect for those who want to manage their entire financial life from one place and not just mutual fund SIPs. This app can be very useful for beginners and salaried individuals.

    9. MyCAMS

    MyCAMS is a trusted name among mutual fund investors. It was started by Computer Age Management Services (CAMS), which is one of the largest back-end support companies in the mutual fund industry. MyCAMS App provides mutual fund investors a centralized, secure and paperless way to track not just SIPs but the entire portfolio.

    Key Features:

    • Direct SIP plans from CAMS-registered AMCs (like HDFC MF, ICICI Prudential, SBI MF etc.)
    • Facilities to view and manage investments of multiple fund houses in a single app
    • Facilities like instant redemption, SIP pause/resume, nominee update
    • Family account mapping and consolidated portfolio view

    Pros:

    • A completely secure and official mutual fund app as data is not shared with third parties
    • Detailed portfolio and transaction history for investors
    • Direct plans and zero commission investing

    Cons :

    • Interface seems a bit old compared to other new apps

    Charges:

    • No charge on SIP and lump sum investments
    • All plans are direct i.e. no brokerage or commission 

    Who is it right for?

    MyCAMS is great for investors who just want to do SIPs in mutual funds and want their money to be completely secure, official and trackable. It is a solid choice especially for long-term and serious investors.

    10. KFinKart 

    If you are looking for an app that lets you manage mutual funds hassle-free, KFinKart might be the right choice for you. It is developed by KFin Technologies, which has been handling the backend operations of the mutual fund industry for years. The best part of this app is that it gives you a simple and straightforward way to invest in mutual fund schemes offered by KFin-serviced AMCs such as Axis Mutual Fund, Nippon India, Kotak MF, etc.

    Key Features :

    • SIPs starting from ₹500 and lump sum option
    • Track and manage all KFin supported mutual funds in one place
    • Easy to pause/resume SIP, update nominee or redeem units
    • Add family investments in one place

    Pros :

    • Simple and clutter-free interface ideal for beginners
    • Invest in direct plan without any commission
    • Long-term portfolio tracking and detailed investment reports
    • Trusted backend system keeps data safe and verified

    Cons:

    • UI and app design can feel a bit dated, especially when compared to other apps 

    Charges:

    • Mutual fund investments (SIP and lump sum Both) can be done without any fees

    Best for whom?

    KFinKart is best suited for investors who want to control their mutual fund investments through a trusted registrar. If you are doing SIPs in multiple AMCs and want to see everything in one place, on a clean interface then this app can be a practical and efficient choice for you.

    Read Also: SIP vs Lump Sum: Which is Better?

    Conclusion

    SIP is an investment method that can make a big difference in the long run provided you choose the right app. There are many options in the market today, but not every app is right for everyone. So choose an app based on your needs, investment style and convenience. Things like an easy to use interface, better tracking and reliable support can make your investment journey successful. You can consult a financial advisor to select the best app to do SIPs.

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    6History of Mutual Funds in India
    7How to Invest in Mutual Funds?
    8How to Check Mutual Fund Status with Folio Number?
    9Long-Term Capital Gain (LTCG) Tax on Mutual Funds
    10Mutual Fund Taxation – How Mutual Funds Are Taxed?

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Which is the best app for SIP investment in India?

      Apps like Groww, Zerodha Coin, ET Money and INDmoney are considered good for SIP. 

    2. Are SIP apps safe to use?

      Yes, if the app is offered by a SEBI registered and trusted platform; then it is safe to use.

    3. Can I start SIP with just ₹100?

      Yes, SIP can be started from as low as ₹100 on many apps like Groww, Zerodha coin, Paytm money, etc.

    4. Do SIP apps charge any fees?

      Most apps offer direct plans, with no commission or hidden charges.

    5. Can I stop or pause SIP anytime through apps?

      Yes, almost all SIP apps have the facility to pause or cancel that too without any paperwork.

  • Best Banks for Savings Accounts in India 2025

    Best Banks for Savings Accounts in India 2025

    If you’re thinking about securing your future and building healthy financial habits, the first step is opening a good savings bank account. It’s like the foundation of a stable financial future, where your salary comes in, where you keep your emergency fund, and where you begin cultivating the discipline of saving and investing.

    But with so many banks offering savings accounts in India, it is easy to feel lost. Some banks offer higher interest rates, some give better digital services, and some just have branches everywhere you look.

    In this blog, we will discuss the banks with the best savings accounts in India, not just mentioning their names, but also sharing a bit about their history, what they are known for, and who they are best suited for.

    List of Best Savings Bank Accounts in India

    CompanyCurrent Market Price (in ₹)Market Capitalization (In ₹ Crores)52-Week High (In ₹)52-Week Low (In ₹)Current Savings A/c Interest Rate 
    HDFC Bank2,00515,37,0722,0271,5882.50%
    SBI8127,24,6798996802.50%
    ICICI Bank1,43010,20,3821,4721,1532.50%
    Kotak Mahindra Bank2,1454,26,4252,3021,6792.75%
    Axis Bank1,1733,63,7381,3409342.50%
    Bank Of Baroda2421,25,2502741912.70% to 4.50%
    Punjab National Bank1111,27,45712985.52.70% to 3.00%
    Union Bank Of India1511,15,4201591012.75% to 3.55%
    IDBI Bank 1021,09,45910865.92.60% to 3.10%
    Canara Bank1141,03,13311978.62.55% to 4.00%
    (Data as of 3 July, 2025)

    Note: Higher rates generally apply only to balances above a certain slab. Check official websites of banks for accurate information.

    Overview of Banks with the Best Savings Bank Account

    An overview of the banks with the best savings bank accounts is given below:

    1. HDFC Bank

    HDFC Bank was set up in 1994 and quickly became one of the biggest names in Indian private banking. Known for its professional service, excellent digital products, and wide reach, HDFC is especially popular among salaried professionals and urban customers.

    Their mobile app and internet banking services are among the best in the industry. Plus, they offer a wide range of savings account types, including specialised accounts for kids, seniors, and high-net-worth individuals.

    Read Also: HDFC Bank Case Study

    2. State Bank of India

    SBI is not just the biggest bank in India; it is a part of Indian culture. Its roots go back to 1806 when it was known as the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest commercial bank in India. It became the State Bank of India in 1955 after merging with several other banks. With over 22,000 branches nationwide, it is often the default bank for millions of Indians.

    If you prefer traditional banking with access to a physical branch almost anywhere in India, SBI is a reliable pick. It is also great for receiving government subsidies and pension payments. The YONO app brings in a decent digital experience too.

    Read Also: SBI Case Study

    3.ICICI Bank

    Since it was established in 1994, ICICI Bank has developed into one of the top private banks in India. With its iMobile Pay app, which is known as one of the most feature-rich banking apps available today, it continues to innovate and was among the first banks in India to concentrate on digital banking.

    ICICI is a great option if you enjoy easy online transactions, integrated bill payments, and cashback incentives on debit card purchases.

    Read Also: ICICI Bank Case Study

    4. Kotak Mahindra Bank

    Kotak Mahindra Bank started as a financial services company in 1985 and got its banking license in 2003. It shook up the industry with the launch of Kotak 811, India’s first zero-balance fully digital savings account.

    With zero balance requirement and a fast, online account opening process, Kotak 811 is perfect if you want to skip branch visits entirely. Also, their interest rates are slightly better than some larger private banks.

    Read Also: Kotak Mahindra Bank: Business Model and SWOT Analysis

    5. Axis Bank

    Originally called UTI Bank, Axis Bank came into existence in 1993 and has slowly but steadily built a strong customer base across India. It’s well known for its premium banking services under the Burgundy banner.

    The Axis ASAP account makes it easy to open an account online. Also, they often have cashback or reward point offers linked to their debit and credit cards.

    Read Also: Axis Bank Case Study

    6. Bank of Baroda

    Bank of Baroda was founded in 1908 in Baroda (now Vadodara, Gujarat). It is one of the largest public sector banks in India. In 2019, BoB merged with Dena Bank and Vijaya Bank, strengthening its national footprint.

    It’s often chosen by those who want PSU-bank reliability with slightly better tech integration compared to older PSU peers.

    7. Punjab National Bank

    Lala Lajpat Rai and other visionaries during India’s freedom movement established PNB in Lahore (now in Pakistan) in 1894. It is currently among the largest public sector banks in India.

    PNB increased its asset size even further in 2020 through mergers with United Bank of India and Oriental Bank of Commerce.

    Read Also: Punjab National Bank (PNB) Case Study

    8. Union Bank of India

    In 1919, Mahatma Gandhi himself inaugurated the Union Bank. It was only medium sized for many years, but in 2020, it merged with Andhra Bank and Corporation Bank to become much larger.

    9. IDBI Bank

    In 1964, IDBI Bank was founded as a development financial institution, and in 2004, it became a commercial bank. Its historical contribution to the expansion of India’s industrial sector makes it important, even though it is smaller than the other banks on this list.

    Since LIC (Life Insurance Corporation of India) now owns a majority stake in IDBI, the company has been concentrating on revamping itself in recent years.

    10. Canara Bank

    Canara Bank is one of the oldest PSU banks in India, having been founded in Mangalore (now in Karnataka) in 1906. After merging with Syndicate Bank in 2020, it significantly increased the size of its network throughout southern India. The bank uses a conventional PSU strategy to enhance digital services after the merger and is considered highly for financial products related to the government.

    Read Also: Bank of Baroda Vs Canara Bank: Which is Better?

    Factors to Consider before Choosing a Savings Bank Account 

    Let’s quickly talk about what you should look for before selecting a savings bank account:

    1. Interest Rate on Savings: This is the rate at which your money will grow. Higher is better, especially if you maintain larger balances.
    2. Minimum Balance Requirement: While some accounts have no minimum balance, others may need ₹5,000, ₹10,000, or more. 
    3. Fees & Charges for Banking: Check hidden fees for debit card issuance, SMS alerts, or ATM withdrawals. 
    4. Digital Experience: A good mobile banking app and net banking service make your life a lot easier, especially for bill payments, UPI, and fund transfers.
    5. ATM/Branch Network: Especially important if you still prefer visiting branches or need frequent cash withdrawals.
    6. Extra Benefits: Cashback offers, linked credit cards, or accidental insurance coverage can add real value.

    How to Open a Savings Account Online 

    You can open a savings account online by following the steps mentioned below:

    1. Pick your bank and account type
    2. Fill out the application form with your PAN number, Aadhaar number, and other details
    3. Do a quick Video KYC with a bank official.
    4. Your account will usually be opened in 24-48 hours after verification
    5. Download the app and start using your account

    Conclusion 

    Ultimately, choosing a savings account involves more than just deciding where to keep your money; it also involves deciding how you want to handle it. If you’re looking for ease and the convenience of a nearby branch, choose reliable banks such as SBI or PNB as they have branches everywhere. If you prefer seamless digital banking services, then Kotak, ICICI Bank, or HDFC Bank are the best. The most crucial thing is to get started, open a savings account, develop saving habits, and let your money work for you.

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    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Which bank gives the highest interest on savings?

      Banks like Canara Bank and Union Bank give a relatively higher rate of interest on savings accounts. Always check the minimum balance required as a higher interest rate may be applicable on higher amounts.

    2. Is it safe to open an account online?

      Yes, if you do it through official bank websites or apps. They are regulated by the RBI and are safe.

    3. Can I have more than one savings account?

      Of course! There is no limit, and sometimes it makes sense to have different accounts for different purposes.

    4. What’s the best zero-balance account?

      Kotak Mahindra Bank 811 Digital Savings Account is one of the most popular zero-balance accounts, but always check the features of savings accounts offered by other banks before opening an account.

    5. Are small finance banks safe?

      Small finance banks are regulated by the RBI, and your deposits are insured up to ₹5 lakh by DICGC, just like in bigger banks. However, they may have fewer branches and ATMs.

  • How to Open a Swiss Bank Account in 2025

    How to Open a Swiss Bank Account in 2025

    Switzerland is renowned as a major global financial center, with Swiss banks famous for their strong privacy and strict confidentiality laws. These banks attract individuals and companies worldwide who value security and discretion for their wealth. But many people don’t know how to open a Swiss Bank Account.

    In this blog, we will explain to you the procedure to open a Swiss Bank account.

    What is a Swiss Bank Account?

    A Swiss Bank is a financial institution situated in Switzerland, and is known for its privacy, strict laws, and secrecy. Accounts in these banks are generally opened by the person who seeks confidentiality and security. The Swiss Bank Law of 1934 states that it is a criminal offence for a bank to declare the details of a client to any other entity or person. 

    A Swiss bank is a global bank known for its exceptional security and secrecy. According to the Swiss Banking Law of 1934, it is illegal for a Swiss bank to reveal the identity of its account holders. However, Swiss banks did lose some transparency as a result of pressure from other countries. In addition to this, Swiss Bank complies with global banking and anti-money laundering laws. Hence, in the recent past, they are refusing to take on customers who are unable to show sufficient evidence of their wealth or income.

    Types of Swiss Bank Accounts

    The various types of Swiss Bank accounts are as follows:

    1. Personal Account: This account is opened by an individual for their personal use and doing daily transactions. It generally includes savings and a current account. One can receive salary and other incomes in this account and make payments of bills, etc., using this account.
    2. Business Account: This account is opened by companies and is generally used for holding investments or to conduct day to day transactions. This account offers a special kind of service, such as trade finance, treasury management, etc.
    3. Numbered Account: In this type of account, the account holder’s name is replaced by a number to enhance privacy, and only a few senior bank officials know the true identity of the holder. However, Swiss law requires the bank to maintain proper identification records, and the holder’s details can be disclosed to authorities in cases involving tax treaties or legal investigations.
    4. Custody Account: This account is generally opened by the individual to manage their investments, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, etc. They can either manage them directly or with the help of a wealth manager. This account is also known as an investment account.
    5. Dormant Account: If this account remains inactive for more than 10 years, then the funds will be transferred to the Swiss state.

    How to Open an Account in a Swiss Bank? 

    To open a Swiss Bank account, one can follow the steps mentioned below:

    1. Type of Account: The first step is to identify the type of account which you want to open. As we have already mentioned, there are various types of accounts, like a personal account, a numbered account, etc.
    2. Selecting the Bank: Various Swiss banks offer the service of opening a bank account, like UBS Group, Julius Baer, etc. One should choose a bank based on the services and charges of the bank.
    3. Arranging Documents: Various types of documents are required to open a Swiss Bank account. The documents include a passport, address proof, source of funds, etc.
    4. Application: Once the documents are arranged successfully, submit an application to open a Swiss bank account along with the supporting documents.
    5. Verification: The Swiss bank officials review the documents and upon successful verification, your account is opened.
    6. Deposit: Once the process is completed, the initial amount can be deposited into the bank account.

    Read Also: 10 Best Bank Penny Stocks List

    Features of a Swiss Bank Account

    The key features of a Swiss Bank Account are as follows:

    1. Privacy: An account in a Swiss Bank offers confidentiality and secrecy to its customers. 

    2. Stability: Switzerland has a history of political and economic stability and has a well-regulated banking system.

    3. Investment Options: Swiss Bank offers its customers various investment options along with banking.  

    4. Minimum Deposit: An account in a Swiss Bank can be opened with a minimum deposit of a few thousand dollars; however, this amount varies across different banks and depends on the type of account you want to open. 

    Read Also: List of Government Bank Stocks/Share in India

    Advantages of a Swiss Bank Account

    There are significant advantages to opening a Swiss bank account:

    1. Privacy: Having a bank account in a Swiss Bank provides a high level of security, as Swiss banks are famous for maintaining strict confidentiality. 
    2. Banking Services: Swiss Bank offers a wide range of services to its customers and are known for their personalised banking services.
    3. International Reputation: Switzerland as a country is well known for its regulatory standards and has a well-regulated financial system.
    4. Advisory Services: Swiss Bank also offers tailored investment advisory services, portfolio management services to its customers.

    Disadvantages of a Swiss Bank Account

    The various disadvantages of having a Swiss Bank account are as follows:

    1. Minimum Balance: One is required to maintain a minimum balance in their Swiss Bank account, which can be between a few thousand dollars to a few million dollars, making it unsuitable for individuals with a low income.
    2. Limited Privacy: Now, with the change in international treaties, the Swiss Banks’ privacy standards have been lowered over time.
    3. Low Interest Rate: Swiss Bank offers a low interest rate on the deposits made by customers.
    4. Annual Maintenance Fee: The bank charges high annual maintenance fees from its customers, whether they use banking facilities or not.

    Read Also: List of Best Banking Stocks in India

    Conclusion

    On a concluding note, Swiss Bank accounts offer a high level of privacy to their customers as no one can access the data of their customers. As per the law, it is a criminal offence for banks to disclose their customers’ information. But in the recent past, due to international treaties, the Swiss banks did share the details of the customer with the respective authorities. Hence, the privacy usually associated with having a bank account in a Swiss bank has decreased a little over the past few years. One must consult their tax advisor before opening a Swiss Bank account.

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    9ICICI Bank Case Study
    10Punjab National Bank (PNB) Case Study

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Can an NRI open a Swiss Bank Account?

      Yes, a Non-Resident Individual can open a Swiss Bank account.

    2. Is it legal to open a Swiss Bank account?

      Yes, it is legal to open a Swiss Bank Account; however, it is essential to follow all the regulatory guidelines laid down by the concerned authorities, such as the RBI, etc.

    3. Do I need to travel to Switzerland to get the Swiss Bank account opened?

      While initial applications may start online, almost all Swiss banks require in-person or video verification, and extensive documentation for source of funds.

    4. What are the types of Swiss Bank accounts?

      The various types of Swiss Bank accounts are as personal or current account, savings account, numbered account, etc.

    5. Does the Swiss Bank pay interest?

      Yes, the Swiss bank pays interest. However, the interest rate depends on the type of bank account.

    6. What is the Swiss bank account opening minimum balance?

      The Swiss Bank account opening minimum balance differs from bank to bank and it can vary from a few thousand dollars to millions of dollars.

  • What is AI Trading?

    What is AI Trading?

    Trading is no longer limited to watching charts endlessly and relying on instincts. AI trading, or artificial intelligence trading, has changed the whole picture. In 2025, according to some reports, 57% of the cash market and more than 70% of F&O trades in India are now being done through algorithms. But still most of these algorithms are designed and coded by humans. What if we can use artificial intelligence to design trading strategies, code them and execute them too? 

    In this blog, we will learn what AI trading is, how it works and why it has become important for every trader to know about it.

    What is AI Trading?

    AI Trading, a specific type of algorithmic trading or automated trading, is the process of using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques to identify trends, interpret data, and execute trades automatically.

    We all know about algorithmic trading, in which the computer software executes trades based on a predefined trading strategy. However, financial researchers spend countless hours searching for reliable trading patterns before they are coded and traded upon. AI trading solves this problem, as AI is used to interpret past market data and discover patterns for trading. AI is also useful in writing codes for trading strategies, which can be later changed a little by traders, saving significant amounts of time. 

    How AI Trading Works?

    AI trading works in the following ways:

    • Data Collection : It all begins with the collection of large amounts of historical data such as prices, news, social media, order book, etc. AI systems can read tick-by-tick high-frequency data, allowing for accurate pattern recognition. Hence, the more data we have, the more accurate the strategy.
    • Pattern Recognition & Model Training : Machine Learning and Deep Learning models identify patterns using thousands of data points from the training dataset. Models are tested on past data through backtesting to determine the strategy’s potential. The results are then tested on a testing dataset to determine the accuracy of the ML algorithms. Predictive analytics make predictions such as when the price will rise or fall. 
    • Coding of Strategy : After patterns are identified and tested, the next step is to translate them into a fully automated trading algorithm. This involves specifying clear entry and exit rules, position sizing, and risk management logic using languages like Python or R. The coded strategy is then connected to broker APIs for automatic order placement and real-time monitoring. By automating the rules, traders can achieve fast, consistent, and emotion-free execution.
    • Trade Execution : Now, whenever a pattern is observed in the live markets that matches our trading algorithm, the system automatically places an order in microseconds, allowing high-frequency trading (HFT). Smart order routing distributes orders across different exchanges based on liquidity.
    • Real‑Time Adaptation : The AI system monitors trading performance and changing market conditions and improves itself through reinforcement learning or logical adjustments. The system can be trained to monitor changes such as liquidity and market shifts and can adjust trading rules up to a specified extent in terms of risk reward ratio, position sizing, etc.

    AI Trading vs. Traditional Trading

    FeatureAI TradingTraditional Trading
    SpeedDecision-making and execution in microseconds, high-frequency trading possibleThe time it takes to make trading decisions and place orders (seconds to minutes)
    AccuracyData-driven models reduce the chance of errorsBased on human judgment, the possibility of wrong decision is high
    EmotionCompletely emotion-free; factors like greed or fear do not come into playEmotions like greed, fear and hope influence decisions
    ScalabilityCan execute thousands of trades simultaneously, able to handle big datasetsOnly limited trades can be handled, dependent on human capability
    AdaptabilityModels can update themselves through reinforcement learning, according to changes in the market conditionsIn every new situation, one has to think and take decisions manually
    Use of DataMakes decisions quickly by processing historical and real-time dataLimited data analysis; dependent on human understanding and experience
    ConsistencyConsistent performance based on rulesThe quality of the decision is not the same every time

    Read Also: What is Algo Trading?

    Types of AI Used in Trading

    AI trading uses many modern technologies that are rapidly being adopted by professional traders in India. Below are the major AI technologies that are actively being used in India in 2025

    1. Machine Learning (ML)

    In Machine Learning, patterns are identified using historical data and then future stock price movements or trends are predicted with their help.

    • Companies like QuantInsti teach ML-based strategies and algorithmic systems which are used by many Indian proprietary trading firms to backtest and execute.
    • In a recent academic study, ML models such as Random Forest, LSTM, etc. trading on Reliance, TCS, HDFC Bank, etc. gave around 15% better returns than traditional trading strategies.

    2. Deep Learning

    Deep learning techniques, such as Deep Q-Networks and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) are particularly used to capture long-term dependencies of time-series data.

    • A 2024 research by IIT Delhi and BITS Pilani achieved 80% accuracy in stock price forecasting using LSTM models on historical intraday data of 180+ NSE stocks.
    • Some proprietary trading firms are using deep learning techniques to train their in-house models for real-time trading signal generation.

    3. Natural Language Processing (NLP)

    NLP is used to extract sentiment from financial news, earnings reports, and social media data, giving traders an indication of market mood.

    • NLP techniques can be used to generate sentiment indicators from financial news.
    • Bloomberg integrates advanced sentiment analysis into its terminal services, providing real-time sentiment scores for various assets. This enables traders to make informed, data-driven decisions rather than relying solely on intuition.

    4. Predictive Analytics

    It provides predictions for short-term or medium-term price movement based on historical data, technical indicators, and external signals. 

    AI models and their role in trading

    AI TechnologyRole in trading
    Machine LearningPrice prediction, strategy optimization
    Deep LearningComplex data analysis, pattern detection
    NLPNews/event-driven trading
    Predictive AnalyticsTrend forecasting, signal generation

    Benefits of AI Trading

    AI trading has completely changed the trading landscape. Now the majority of trading on exchanges are not based on emotions or guesses, but on real-time data, machine learning models and automated algorithms. This not only makes trading decisions more accurate but also saves time and effort.

    • Speed ​​and automation : AI trading bots can generate and execute signals in milliseconds, not seconds. This kind of speed is far ahead of human capabilities, giving traders a huge advantage in strategies like arbitrage, scalping and high-frequency trading.
    • Data-driven decisions : AI algorithms simultaneously analyze millions of historical and live data points such as price movements, volume, news, social media sentiment and technical indicators. This makes trading decisions more informed and bias-free.
    • Emotion-free decision making : Human traders often make wrong decisions due to greed, fear or overconfidence. On the other hand, AI systems run on a predetermined trading logic and strategy, which maintains consistency and discipline.
    • 24×7 operations : AI does not get tired and does not take breaks, making this technology especially useful in markets that remain open 24 hours a day, such as crypto. These bots respond immediately to signals and prevent missed opportunities.
    • Scalability and efficiency : The biggest advantage of AI is that it can manage a large number of trades in a short time. Even if it has to manage a hundred trades at once, there is no decrease in performance and accuracy – which is not possible for any human.

    Read Also: Low latency broker in India

    Risks and Limitations of AI Trading

    The use of AI and machine learning is increasing rapidly in the stock market, but this does not mean that these systems guarantee profits. The market conditions change every day, and no matter how powerful the technology is, some limitations always remain. Below are some important risks that every trader should be aware of:

    • Market behavior is not always predictable : The AI ​​system tries to understand the pattern based on historical data, but in the real market, many times there are price movements that cannot be predicted due to a sudden political decision, economic crisis or any big news – the impact of all these can be so fast that the AI models can fail to adjust quickly.
    • Wrong or incomplete data can cause loss : The strength of AI trading rests on the accuracy of the historical data on which it has been trained. If the data itself is outdated, incomplete or biased, then the trades made on this basis can go in the wrong direction, resulting in losses.
    • Some models are good only “in theory” : It has often been observed that some AI models show good results in the training phase, but when applied in the real market, they do not perform as expected. This is called ‘overfitting’, which is a big risk for trading strategies.
    • Technical problems can become a hindrance at any time : AI trading is completely dependent on automation and API systems. A slight server error, network slowdown or software bug – all these can cause huge losses in a second. Especially when trading is at a high frequency.
    • Understanding of rules and regulations is important : The rules related to trading in India are very clear and are set by regulatory bodies like SEBI. If an AI-based system accidentally adopts a trading strategy that is against these rules, then legal problems may arise.

    Read Also: Types of Traders in the Stock Market

    AI Trading in India: Current Scenario

    In the coming years, India’s stock market is going to see tremendous integration of technology. Around 60% of trading orders on NSE are being done through algorithmic systems, many of which are now based on AI and machine learning models.

    • SEBI’s regulatory guidelines : SEBI has made it clear that any trading strategy that generates automatic orders above a certain threshold cannot be used without exchange approval. Also, it is also necessary to maintain proper trading records for audit purposes.
    • Use of AI trading by retail traders : Earlier this facility was limited to only large institutional investors. But now retail investors are also able to create their own AI-based trading strategies with the help of API tools, making AI trading now available to common users as well.
    • Role of Trading API : Facilities such as Pocketful API provide low-latency trading APIs to both retail and professional traders. This allows developers to create their own custom AI models using real-time data to analyze data, code strategies and then use trading APIs to place orders.

    Read Also: Arbitrage Trading in India – How Does it Work and Strategies

    Conclusion

    Today’s trading is no longer limited to just placing manual orders. Now automation, data analytics and API integration play a big role in it. The market is rapidly moving towards AI trading, where smart trading systems and custom algorithms are making decisions faster and more accurately compared to humans. Therefore, now is the time to adopt this new form of trading, where efficiency and data together give better results. It is advised to consult a financial advisor before trading.

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    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. What is API-based trading?

      API trading is an automated system where you connect your trading account to software or algorithms and trade without any manual intervention.

    2. Is AI trading legal in India?

      Yes, AI trading is completely legal in India as long as it is done through a regulated stockbroker and the trading strategy doesn’t break any rules.

    3. What are the benefits of using trading APIs?

      Trading APIs make trading faster, automated, and data-driven, saving time and making decisions more accurate.

    4. Do I need coding knowledge to implement AI trading?

      Yes, some programming knowledge is required if you want to implement an AI trading system.

    5. Is AI trading beneficial for intraday trading?

      Of course, AI can be for intraday trading as these automated systems can execute orders faster than any human.

  • 10 Best Traders in The World – All Time

    10 Best Traders in The World – All Time

    Everyone wants to make profits in the stock market, but only those who know how to make the right decisions at the right time consistently become the best traders in the world. Success in trading does not depend only on statistics or luck, but on experience, discipline and understanding. 

    In this blog, we are going to tell you about the world’s best traders, how they created history and why they are still considered top traders in the world. If you also wonder who is the best trader in the world, then this blog is for you.

    Quick Answer: Who Is the Best Trader in the World?

    There is no single “No. 1 trader” globally, but Jesse Livermore, George Soros, Jim Simons, and Paul Tudor Jones are widely considered among the greatest because of their historic trades, exceptional returns, and long-term influence on global markets.

    Top 10 Best Traders in The World

    Every trader dreams of being successful in the stock market, but in history there have been only a few people who have influenced the market with their thinking, strategy and decisions. Below we will talk about those legends, who are still considered the best traders in the world and from their trading journey, we can learn something or the other.

    Trader NameCountryEra/Active YearsType of TradingFamous Trade / Achievement
    Jesse LivermoreUSA1900–1940Stock TradingShorted the 1929 market crash and made millions
    George SorosHungary/UK1960–2000sCurrency, Macro Trading“Broke the Bank of England” by shorting the pound in 1992
    Paul Tudor JonesUSA1976-present (potentially active)Futures, MacroPredicted and profited from the 1987 stock market crash
    Jim Simons USA1938-2024Quantitative TradingFounded Renaissance Technologies, one of the most successful quant funds
    Richard DennisUSA1970 – 1988Commodity, MacroTurned $1,600 into $200 million; created the famous “Turtle Traders”
    Nicolas DarvasUSA1957–1959Stock TradingDeveloped the “Darvas Box Theory”; made $2 million using it
    John PaulsonUSAAround 1994 – 2019Hedge FundsMade ~$4 billion betting against subprime mortgages in 2008
    Stanley DruckenmillerUSA1980s–2010sMacro / Long-Short EquityWorked with Soros on the 1992 pound trade; consistent double-digit returns
    Ed SeykotaUSA1970s – PresentAlgorithmic / Trend FollowingPioneer in computerized trading systems
    Michael BurryUSA2000 – Present (Possibly Active)Deep Value TradingPredicted and profited from the 2008 housing market crash

    Read Also: Top 10 Best Traders in India – Learn from the Legends

    An overview of the trading journey of these traders has been given below:

    1. Jesse Livermore 

    DetailInformation
    NameJesse Lauriston Livermore
    BornJuly 26, 1877 – Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, USA
    Known ForEarned massive profit ( $100 million) during the 1929 crash
    Peak Net WorthApproximately $100 million (in 1929)

    Jesse Livermore is often called “The Great Bear of Wall Street.” He began his trading career as a bookkeeper at age 14, and soon began trading in bucket shops (informal stock betting shops). He became so skilled that he had to enter the real New York stock market because most bucket shops banned him.

    Jesse Livermore

    He made and lost money at times, but his strategies during the Great Depression of 1907 and especially 1929 made him a major name in trading history. In the 1929 market crash, he shorted the market and profited over $100 million, equivalent to billions of dollars today.

    His trading success was based on trading psychology, trend analysis, and risk control. Although his personal life was tumultuous and he committed suicide in 1940, lessons learned from his trading career are still taught today.

    2. George Soros

    DetailInformation
    NameGeorge Soros
    BornAugust 12, 1930 – Budapest, Hungary
    Known ForKnown as “The Man Who Broke the Bank of England” in 1992
    Peak Net WorthEstimated over $8.6 billion (as of 2024)

    George Soros is considered one of the world’s most influential traders. He began his trading career in the 1950s and gradually rose as a fund manager and then a legendary investor. In 1992, he took a large short position against the British pound and made a profit of almost $1 billion; this is why he is called “The Man Who Broke the Bank of England”.

    George Soros

    Soros’ trading was characterized by macro-level strategy, that is, he traded by analyzing global economic and political trends. He founded the Quantum Fund, which gave unprecedented returns for many years. His book The Alchemy of Finance is still read by traders and investors today.

    Although Soros is not involved in active trading these days, his thinking, his strategies and his influence are still seen in the market. He has not only been a successful trader, but also funds many social and human rights projects around the world, which makes him more than just an investor.

    3. Paul Tudor Jones 

    DetailInformation
    NamePaul Tudor Jones
    BornSeptember 28, 1954 Memphis, Tennessee, USA
    Known ForPredicted and profited from the 1987 stock market crash
    Peak Net WorthOver $7.5 billion (as per recent estimates)

    Paul Tudor Jones is one of the few traders in the world who not only predicted the historic stock market crash of 1987 but also made profits worth millions of dollars from it. He is a highly disciplined and technical-analysis based trader who believes in patterns and risk control more than emotions.

    Paul Tudor Jones

    His greatest strength is a deep understanding of market psychology and taking bold decisions at the right time. He started Tudor Investment Corporation in 1980, which is still a strong name in the hedge fund industry.

    Paul’s trading mantra has been – “Protect capital first, profit comes second.” His risk management strategies and short-term trading style have earned him a place in the list of top traders in the world.

    Even though he trades less today, his influence remains in hedge funds, trading education and philanthropy. He is known for teaching market discipline and long-term consistency to new traders.

    4. Jim Simons 

    DetailInformation
    NameJim Simons
    BornApril 25, 1938 Newton, Massachusetts, USA
    Known ForFounder of Renaissance Technologies; pioneer of quantitative trading
    Peak Net WorthApprox. $30 billion (Forbes, latest estimates)

    Jim Simons is often called the “quant king” because he demonstrated the power of mathematics and algorithms in trading. He was a professor and cryptographer who later entered the stock market and founded Renaissance Technologies in 1982.

    Jim Simons 

    His hedge funds, especially Medallion Fund, remains an inspiration in the trading world because it delivered more than 60% on an average for years without much public exposure. Jim completely transformed the traditional trading approach. He relied on data, code and patterns instead of emotions, news or intuition. That’s why he is considered one of the world’s best traders even though he never called himself a trader, but a scientist.

    5. Richard Dennis

    DetailInformation
    NameRichard Dennis
    BornJanuary 1949  Chicago, USA
    Known For“Prince of the Pit”; Pioneer of trend-following strategies
    Peak Net WorthEstimated over $200 million at peak (early 1980s)

    Richard Dennis is known as the “Prince of the Pit” in the trading world. He started trading with just $1,600 and within a few years, he grew his trading to $200 million that too in the futures market alone. Dennis believed that trading can be learned, and with this thought in mind, he started the Turtle Trading Experiment in the 1980s.

    Richard Dennis

    In this experiment, he selected some ordinary people and taught them the trend-following system and the results proved that with the right system and discipline, anyone can become a big trader. This is the reason why he is still considered one of the best traders in the world.

    Richard Dennis’ trading philosophy was very simple: catch the trend and follow the rules. He adopted a strictly mechanical approach by minimizing human emotion.

    Even today, Dennis’ strategies and Turtle Trading rules are considered a blueprint for new traders. He not only made money himself, but also gave birth to many more successful traders. This is what makes him a legendary trader.

    6. Nicolas Darvas 

    DetailInformation
    NameNicolas Darvas
    Born1920  Hungary
    Known ForInventor of the “Darvas Box Theory” in stock trading
    Peak Net WorthTurned $10,000 into over $2 million in ~18 months (1957–1959)

    Nicolas Darvas was a professional dancer who traveled the world performing on stage, but he earned millions of dollars in the stock market through his strategy and discipline. He adopted a self-taught investing approach and earned fame through his iconic strategy “Darvas Box Theory”.

    Nicolas Darvas

    Darvas only invested in stocks that were hitting new highs and had strong volume support. He based his strategy on price and volume action, not news or analyst reports. He explained his entire journey in his famous book “How I Made $2,000,000 in the Stock Market”, which is still considered a classic for traders today.

    What made him special was that he made smart investing decisions even when he was physically away from the market – he used to make decisions through telegrams and price charts. A disciplined approach and clear entry-exit rules were the soul of his trading style.

    Nicolas Darvas is considered a trend-following legend and an early contributor to modern technical analysis.

    7. John Paulson 

    DetailInformation
    NameJohn Alfred Paulson
    BornDecember 14, 1955 Queens, New York, USA
    Known ForHistoric profit from 2008 subprime mortgage crisis
    Peak Net WorthEstimated over $4 billion (as of peak post-2008)

    John Paulson is listed as the world’s best trader because he made one of the biggest and most talked about trades in history during the 2008 global financial crisis. He anticipated the housing market crash and made a profit of nearly $4 billion by betting against subprime mortgage bonds.

    John Paulson

    Paulson made this trade through his investment firm Paulson & Co., and the move is still known as “The Greatest Trade Ever.” This one trade made him an iconic figure in the world of trading and hedge funds. His strategy involved deep research, contrarian thinking and calculated risk taking. When everyone was bullish in the market, he identified a downturn that was his edge.

    Although many of his trades in later years were not as successful, his 2008 trade remains a masterclass for investors today on how to understand macroeconomic trends and take advantage of them. John Paulson’s name still ranks among the top traders in the world, especially among those who want to understand big-picture thinking and bold decision-making.

    8. Stanley Druckenmiller 

    DetailInformation
    NameStanley Druckenmiller
    Born1953 – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
    Known ForEx-Chief Strategist for George Soros’s Quantum Fund
    Peak Net Worth$6.4 Billion+ (as of 2025)

    Stanley Druckenmiller is one of the world’s most successful macro traders, who makes big trades by understanding the global economic trends. He started his career in 1977, but he got real recognition when he, along with George Soros, traded against the Bank of England in 1992 and earned a profit of more than $1 Billion. This trade cemented his legacy in global finance.

    Stanley Druckenmiller

    Stanley ran his own hedge fund company named Duquesne Capital, which he managed from 1981 to 2010 – and surprisingly, not a single year in his 29-year career went into loss. He is known for his deep research, discipline and instinctive decision-making. His trading philosophy is based on “Preserve capital and wait for the right moment”. That is, keep the capital safe and trade only when the conviction is highest.  

    9. Ed Seykota 

    DetailInformation
    NameEd Seykota
    Born1946 – Netherlands (raised in the U.S.)
    Known ForPioneer of computerized trading systems
    Peak Net WorthNot publicly disclosed (multi-millionaire)

    Ed Seykota is known in the stock market world as a legendary trend-following trader who started using computerized trading systems in the 1970s when the concept was still new. He was one of the first people to try to track price trends using technical indicators and algorithms.

    Ed Seykota

    Ed began building his own trading systems on early IBM computers while working at a commodity brokerage firm. The result? He grew his client accounts from $5,000 to $15 million in a few years all with rules-based trading. His philosophy is based on a simple but powerful mantra:

    “The trend is your friend until the end when it bends.” Ed Seykota is not just a trader, but also a philosopher of trading. He also laid great emphasis on trading psychology and explained that a trader’s success has less to do with his system and more with his mental discipline.

    10. Michael Burry 

    DetailInformation
    NameDr. Michael Burry
    BornJune 19, 1971 San Jose, California, USA
    Known ForPredicted and profited from 2008 U.S. housing market crash
    Peak Net Worth$300 Million (as per latest available public sources)

    Michael Burry was among the first to identify the 2008 housing market crash and made huge profits by taking a short position against it. He is the founder of hedge fund Scion Capital and is known worldwide as an unconventional thinker. His story was shown in the popular 2015 film “The Big Short”, in which Christian Bale played his character.

    Michael Burry

    Burry did not come from a traditional finance background but entered finance after graduating as a doctor, but his analytical and deep research skills gave him a different identity in the market. He identified the weaknesses of subprime mortgages in the US housing bubble and earned billions of dollars by betting against mortgage-backed securities.

    His investing approach is quite contrarian and deep-value oriented. He often invests in stocks that are undervalued and which the market is ignoring. Even today Burry remains in the news on social media for his bold opinions and sharp market insights.

    Michael Burry is rightly called one of the most visionary traders in the world.

    Read Also: Types of Traders in the Stock Market: Styles, Strategies & Pros and Cons

    What Makes a Top Trader?

    Below are some of the characteristics or qualities that makes a top trader:

    • Risk Management is Non-Negotiable : The biggest characteristic of every successful trader is his risk management skill. No matter how good the setup, no trade can be profitable without a proper stop-loss and position sizing. Prominent traders always give priority to capital preservation.
    • Mastering Trading Psychology : Success in the market is not achieved only by mastering charts and numbers, but controlling your emotions is essential. Fear, greed, and overconfidence – managing all these is the real identity of a pro trader.
    • Combination of Strategy and Discipline : Every top trader has his own tested and refined trading strategy: be it trend following, arbitrage or price action. But the strategy works only when it is accompanied by discipline.
    • Adaptability to Market Conditions : The market conditions are never static, and it is important to adapt to it. Great traders constantly adapt their approach whether it’s the 2008 crash or the 2020 pandemic rally; adaptiveness is what sets them apart from the crowd.
    • It’s Beyond Just Stocks : Top traders not only specialize in equities, but also have diversified exposure to forex, commodities, and now even crypto. This versatility makes their trading approach truly global and well-rounded.
    • Patience and Timing : Successful traders know when not to trade. They wait for high-probability setups rather than chasing every move. Patience often separates consistent winners from emotional traders.
    • Continuous Learning and Research : Markets evolve every day. The best traders never stop learning – they constantly read, backtest, analyze, and refine their strategies. Continuous learning helps them stay ahead of new trends, tools, and technologies.
    • Data-Driven Decision Making : Top traders rely on facts, statistics, and probabilities rather than opinions or rumors. Whether it’s quantitative models or technical setups, every trade is backed by solid reasoning.

    Read Also: 10 Top Investors In India And Their Portfolios

    Conclusion 

    The story of every successful trader teaches us that trading is not just a game of charts and figures, but a process of patience, discipline and continuous learning. From these great traders, we can understand that with the right mindset and strategy, anyone can become a successful trader. If you also want to make a career in trading, then learning from their experiences and making your own rules to trade should be the first step.

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    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Who is considered the best trader in the world?

      People consider George Soros, Jim Simons and Paul Tudor Jones as some of the most successful traders.

    2. Who is the No. 1 trader in the world?

      There is no official ranking, but names like Jesse Livermore, Jim Simons, and George Soros are widely considered among the greatest.

    3. Is Warren Buffett a trader or an investor?

      Warren Buffet is a long-term value investor, not a trader.

    4. Which is the most important skill to become a good trader?

      Risk management and position sizing are the two most important skills to become a successful trader.

    5. What can we learn from top traders in the world?

      Patience, risk management, and trusting your own strategy.

    6. Is trading better than investing?

      Trading is good for short term profits while investing helps in building long term wealth. The choice depends on your skills, financial goals and risk profile.

    7. Who is called the greatest trader in history?

      Jesse Livermore is often called “The Great Bear of Wall Street” for his legendary 1929 short trade.

    8. Can anyone become a top trader?

      Yes, success depends on discipline, risk control, and consistent learning.

    9. Who is the most successful stock trader of all time?

      Jim Simons is often considered the most successful due to the long-term performance of the Medallion Fund.

  • Indian Stock Market Scams: Biggest StockMarket Frauds in India

    Indian Stock Market Scams: Biggest StockMarket Frauds in India

    You most likely picture opportunity, wealth, and perhaps even a little thrill when you think of the Indian stock market. While the market has indeed offered investors incredible growth opportunities over the decades, it also has a darker side, marked by major frauds driven by greed, flaws, and a lack of oversight.

    This blog will examine five of the largest stock market scams in India, the kind that shook the country’s financial markets, destroyed savings, and significantly altered people’s perspective on investing. 

    Understanding Stock Market Scams 

    A stock market scam is an event when someone manipulates the system to make a significant profit, generally at the expense of common investors. It might involve manipulating the financial statements, driving up share prices and selling them off , or using insider information to get an advantage.

    Let us move on to the next part: the largest stock market frauds that India has ever witnessed.

    List of Major Stock Market Scams – Timeline

    SCAMTIMELINE
    The Harshad Mehta Scam1992
    The Ketan Parekh Scam2001
    Satyam Scam2009
    NSEL Scam2013
    Karvy Scam2019

    Overview of Biggest Stock Market Scams 

    1. The Harshad Mehta Scam

    Harshad Mehta was a stock market tycoon in the 1980s. Known as the “Big Bull,” he illegally obtained about ₹3,500 crore from banks using a network of fake bank receipts and fraudulent transactions, and then invested this money to manipulate stock prices. He made huge profits by driving up stock prices with the money, but everything fell apart in 1992.

    The Sensex crashed when the scam was exposed, costing thousands of investors their hard-earned money. The shock was so profound that it forever changed the financial landscape of India. Regulations became stricter, and SEBI, the market regulator, gained more authority. You have most likely seen the well-known television show Scam 1992 if this story sounds familiar. Indeed, the series is based on real-life events.

    Read Also: Scam 1992: Harshad Mehta Scam Story

    2. The Ketan Parekh Scam

    A few years later, Ketan Parekh, a chartered accountant who later became a market manipulator, enters the picture. He was drawn to a variety of small-cap stocks, primarily in the media and technology sectors; these became known as “K-10 stocks.” To increase prices, Ketan borrowed large sums of money from banks and engaged in circular trading, which is the practice of buying and selling among friends to create demand. He made lots of money by selling his shares when prices were at their highest.

    However, the bubble popped as usual at a time when India’s technological innovation boom was beginning to gain momentum. The scam, which was valued at over ₹40,000 crore, shook investor confidence and caused another market crash. One more example of how hype of investing in popular stocks that seems too good to be true can backfire.

    3. The Satyam Scam 

    This one focused more on the implications of a company lying about its financial statements than it did on the stock market itself.

    The well-known IT company Satyam Computers had been falsifying its financial statements for years. Ramalinga Raju, the founder, acknowledged inflating cash balances and profits by ₹7,000 crore.

    The company showed fake numbers for years in an attempt to lure in investors while keeping a high stock price. It is one of the largest corporate scams India had ever witnessed, and once the truth was revealed Satyam’s share price collapsed.

    In an instant move, the government brought in Tech Mahindra to take control and cleaned up the mess. India’s corporate governance regulations were also strengthened as a result of this controversy, making it more difficult, though not impossible, to repeat such behaviour.

    Read Also: Satyam Scam Case Study

    4. NSEL Scam 

    The National Spot Exchange Limited (NSEL) scam included fraudulent commodity trades and questionable claims of large profits.

    NSEL provided a trading platform for commodities such as grains, sugar, and so forth. However, it quickly became apparent that the trades were largely fraudulent and that no actual goods were being used to support them. The brokers misled investors by promising them fixed returns. When it came time for payouts, investors lost both their money and the underlying asset they had invested in.

    A total of ₹5,600 crore was lost by about 13,000 investors. The fraud revealed major shortcomings in the regulations governing commodity markets. SEBI and other organisations were forced to intervene and implement more stringent regulations as a result.

    5. The Karvy Scam 

    The reason this scam was so shocking was that Karvy was a well-known name in stock broking. Karvy was using client shares without authorization. They were pledging these shares to raise loans and make investments somewhere else, rather than simply transferring shares to the investor’s demat account. This violated both SEBI’s regulations and fundamental morality, which resulted in a loss of ₹2,000 crore to investors.

    In a swift move, SEBI tightened rules on how brokers handle investor funds and shares and prohibited Karvy from onboarding new customers. This scam served as a warning to common investors that not all well-known companies can be blindly trusted.

    Evolution of Regulatory Bodies

    The evolution of the regulatory environment concerning stock market has been evaluated below:

    1. Technology-Driven Monitoring System 

    These days, stock exchanges and regulators use advanced technology to keep an eye on market activity in real time. Automated systems are in place to identify suspicious trading patterns, such as unusual volumes or a sharp increase in the stock price. These warnings can immediately lead to additional investigations.

    For instance, these systems quickly pick up on attempts to manipulate a stock through repeated buy-sell activity or circular trading. Additionally, it is now more difficult to create multiple or fraudulent accounts due to stricter KYC (Know Your Customer) regulations and PAN-based authentication.

    2. The Role of Media and Whistleblowers 

    The media plays an important role in bringing shady practices to light. They helped in identifying warning signs before things got out of control, whether through newspapers, online news sources, or even social media accounts dedicated to financial transparency.

    Whistleblowers are employees who disclose unethical activity. Over the years, scams have been exposed because insiders came forward. Now that SEBI has a formal whistleblower policy, informants are protected and more people are encouraged to come forward.

    It’s crucial for investors to differentiate fact from fiction because the media occasionally exaggerates news, which can lead to panic or unnecessary speculation.

    However, there are still some gaps in the system, even with stricter regulations and technological assistance, and scammers always come up with innovative ways to get around it.

    For example:

    • There are still occasional stories of company officials engaging in insider trading.
    • It is unlawful for certain smaller, unregistered advisory firms to make promises of guaranteed returns.
    • Fake websites or fake trading apps imitate authentic ones in order to deceive investors of their money or personal information.
    • Additionally, there is an increase in services offering stock market tips from claimed experts who use false screenshots and success stories to confuse unaware retail investors.

    Conclusion 

    Even though scams discussed above may appear to be something of the past, fresh versions continue to appear in various forms. The risks haven’t disappeared—they’ve simply changed, whether it’s through sceptical YouTube suggestions, anonymous Telegram groups, or social media hype.

    Ultimately, successful investing requires common sense, research, and patience. If something appears unusual, it most likely is. The best course of action is to remain cautious, curious, and never stop learning. It is advised to consult a financial advisor before investing.

    S.NO.Check Out These Interesting Posts You Might Enjoy!
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    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Which Harshad Mehta scam happened?

      The Harshad Mehta scam happened in 1992.

    2. How do I recognise a doubtful stock tip?

      If someone pushes you to “act fast,” hypes up penny stocks, or promises huge profits quickly, it can be considered a risky investment or even fraudulent tip.

    3. How did SEBI respond to these significant frauds?

      With more regulations, more intelligent tracking systems, and stricter control of advisors, firms, and brokers, SEBI became more stringent.

    4. Can my demat account be tampered with by my broker?

      There are regulations to prevent them from doing so. However, as demonstrated in the Karvy scam, it is still wise to monitor your portfolio on a regular basis.

    5. What should I do if I suspect a scam?

      Do not panic. You can speak with your broker’s compliance team or report it to SEBI via their SCORES portal.

  • How to Identify Multibagger Stocks in India?

    How to Identify Multibagger Stocks in India?

    Have you ever heard stories of investors turning a few thousand rupees into lakhs or even crores by investing in the right stock at the right time? These aren’t just lucky fairy tales; they are real success stories of people who invested in multibagger stocks at the right moment.

    In this blog, we will break down the key financial and qualitative factors that can help you spot potential multibagger stocks in India. Whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned investor, this guide will simplify what to look for so you can make informed decisions and build long-term wealth.

    What are Multibagger Stocks? 

    Peter Lynch, a famous investor, made the word “multibagger” popular. It means a stock that makes your money grow many times over. Multibagger stocks are usually those of fundamentally strong companies that are still in their early growth phases. These companies often operate in promising sectors, have innovative products or services, and show strong financial performance over time.

    But the question remains: how do you find them before they appreciate significantly in value? Finding them requires detailed analysis and patience to hold them for years. A stock can only give multibagger returns in future if the majority of market participants have failed to realize its true potential, which makes it even more difficult to find these shares. However, there are few metrics that we can use to narrow down our search as discussed below.

    Read Also: Multibagger Penny Stocks in india

    Key Metrics to Identify Multibagger Stocks 

    Some of the key metrics to identify multibagger stocks are given below:

    1. CAGR for past 5-10 Years (Compound Annual Growth Rate)

    Check if the company’s revenue and profit have been growing steadily at 15% or more every year over the last 5 to 10 years. 

    2. ROE (Return on Equity) and ROCE (Return on Capital Employed)

    These ratios demonstrate how effectively a company uses its resources to generate revenue. In general, if both are above 15–20%, the company is doing well at generating returns.

    3. Debt-to-Equity Ratio

    This ratio shows how much the company owes vs. what it owns. A ratio under 1 means the company doesn’t have excessive loans, which is a good thing. Ideally, look for businesses that can grow without taking on too much debt.

    4. Free Cash Flow (FCF)

    Think of this as the money left in your wallet after paying all your bills. A company with positive and growing FCF is generating real cash, not just artificial profits, and can reinvest, reduce debt, or return value to shareholders.

    5. Price-to-Earnings (P/E) Ratio

    This indicates the price that individuals are ready to pay per 1 rupee of the company’s profits. When the P/E is below that of peers or the industry average, and the business is strong in terms of fundamentals, it may be undervalued, i.e. you may be getting it at a discount. However, low P/E is not necessarily a good thing unless there is real potential in the company.

    Read Also: Ratio Analysis: List Of All Types Of Ratio Analysis

    Qualitative factors to identify multibagger stock

    Some of the qualitative factors to identify multibagger stocks are given below:

    1. Small Yet Ambitious

    These companies often start as small-cap or mid-cap and are not extensively covered by analysts, making them undervalued. They have not yet caught the attention of big institutional investors but they have powerful growth potential.

    2. Strong, Scalable Business

    Find out businesses such as consumer brands, niche manufacturing companies, or technology companies that have a business model that can easily scale up without incurring significant costs. If they can reach more people and address real problems without increasing prices proportionately, then they have the potential to generate huge returns in the future.

    3. Consistent Revenue & Profit Growth

    The revenues and profit metrics doesn’t have to be flashy. A company growing its revenue and profits steadily over 5–10 years is a strong candidate. You should also look for CAGR (compound annual growth rate) in both revenue and net profit.

    4. Healthy Financials

    Companies with low debt-to-equity ratios, positive cash flows, and solid return ratios like ROE (Return on Equity) and ROCE (Return on Capital Employed) are green flags.

    5. Strong Promoter Confidence

    You also need to see that the management also has a significant stake in the business. If promoter holding is high or increasing, that is a good sign. 

    Read Also: Reliance Penny Stocks List in India

    Common Mistakes to Avoid while Choosing Multibaggers

    Some of the common mistakes an investor should avoid while choosing multibagger stocks are:

    1. FOMO Investing – Buying just because everyone else is. If you do not understand the business, do not invest.

    2. Buying at High Prices- Shares of great companies at the high prices can still result in losses.

    3. Short-Term Thinking – Selling too early because the stock moved up 30% or 50%, but you should remember, multibaggers returns take years to be realized.

    4. No Diversification – Don’t bet everything on one stock. Spread your bets across sectors and different companies. 

    Conclusion 

    Identifying multibagger stocks is not about chasing quick profits; it is about finding quality businesses with strong fundamentals, growth potential, and visionary management. So start small, do your research, track companies every quarter, and think long-term. Over time, you will start spotting patterns and maybe find a multibagger stock. Also, you need to understand that multibagger stocks are not for earning quick profits. You need the conviction to stay invested through ordinary quarterly performance and even bad news. If the fundamentals are strong, short-term price drops shouldn’t scare you. It is advised to consult a financial advisor before investing in any stock.

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    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Can beginners recognize multibagger stocks?

      It may be difficult for beginners to identify potential multibagger stocks as it requires extensive research, constant tracking of the company’s financial performance and future plans, and a long-term perspective.

    2. Can only small-cap stocks become multibaggers?

      Not always, but many multibaggers stocks are of small or mid-cap companies with high growth potential.

    3. How long should I hold a stock to get multibagger returns?

      Usually holding shares for 5 to 10 years or more is essential to realize multibagger returns.

    4. How do I know if a stock is undervalued?

      You can look at the stock’s P/E ratio compared to its industry, growth potential, and financials. If the fundamentals are strong but the stock is cheap, it may be undervalued.

    5. Is investing in multibagger stocks risky?

      Investing in these shares can be risky as these shares often belong to small and unknown companies. That’s why research and diversification matter.

  • Best Health Insurance Plans in India 2025

    Best Health Insurance Plans in India 2025

    We have all heard the saying, “Health is wealth.” However, the cost of medical treatments has risen rapidly in recent years. In such a situation, having a good health insurance plan acts as a financial safety net for families. Just having a policy is not enough — it is important to choose the right policy that truly helps at the time of need.

    This blog compares the best health insurance policies in India, so that it is easy to understand which plan is the best among the existing options.

    What is Health Insurance?

    Health insurance is an insurance coverage that covers the costs associated with health treatment by the insurance company. It includes expenses such as hospitalization, operations, medicines, diagnostic tests, and sometimes even home care. The policyholder pays a fixed premium to keep the policy active and these expenses can be reimbursed through a claim if needed.

    In today’s time when treatment of every disease can become a burden on the pocket, health insurance has become an essential safety net. Especially when many insurance companies are now also offering facilities like digital claim process, cashless treatment and customized plans. Along with this, the benefit of tax saving is also available, which makes it a practical and important investment.

    Top 10 Best Health Insurance Plans in India (2025)

    S.NoHealth Insurance PlanSum Insured Range
    1HDFC ERGO Optima Restore₹5L – ₹50L
    2Niva Bupa Health Companion₹3L – ₹1 Cr
    3Star Health Comprehensive₹5L – ₹1 Cr
    4Care Health Insurance₹3L – ₹6 Cr
    5ICICI Lombard Health AdvantEdge₹5L – ₹50L
    6Aditya Birla Activ Health Platinum₹2L – ₹2 Cr
    7Tata AIG MediCare Premier₹5L – ₹3 Cr
    8Reliance Health Infinity₹5L – ₹5 Cr
    9Bajaj Allianz Health Guard₹1.5L – ₹50L
    10ManipalCigna ProHealth Prime₹2.5L – ₹1 Cr

    Read Also: List of Best Insurance Stocks in India

    An overview of the best health insurance plans in India is given below:

    1. HDFC ERGO Optima Restore

    HDFC ERGO Optima Restore is a popular health insurance plan specially designed for individuals and family floater option. This plan is known for its “Restore Benefit” wherein if the sum insured is exhausted, it is automatically restored without any additional premium. Even in 2025, this plan is very popular among the customers due to its high claim settlement ratio and wide network of hospitals.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹5 lakh to ₹50 lakh
    • 100% restoration after first claim (once per year), with unlimited restore benefit available as optional add-on
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 180 days
    • No room rent limit (private single AC room covered)
    • Cashless treatment at 12,000+ hospitals
    • Lifelong renewability

    Key Benefits : 

    • Protection remains even after medical expenses are covered
    • Coverage for large families in a single policy
    • Long pre and post hospitalization cover
    • No room rent cap better treatment facility
    • Tax benefits available under section 80D

    2. Niva Bupa Health Companion

    Niva Bupa’s Health Companion plan is a simple yet effective health insurance policy, especially suitable for young couples and nuclear families. Its premium is affordable, and it has many features that make it a useful option for everyday health needs.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹3 lakh to ₹1 crore
    • Waiting Period or Pre-Existing Disease (PED): 3 years
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 180 days
    • No room rent capping
    • Cashless facility in 10,000+ network hospitals
    • Direct claim settlement – ​​no TPA involved
    • Annual health check-up included

    Key Benefits :

    • Complete coverage without any room rent limit
    • Fast and transparent claim process
    • Health check-up facility every year
    • Single policy for all family members
    • Tax exemption as well as peace of mind

    3. Star Health Comprehensive Insurance :

    Star Health’s Comprehensive Plan is specially designed for those who have long-term health problems or who are senior citizens. This policy has a low initial waiting period and many critical illnesses are covered from the first year itself. Its acceptance and claim settlement ratio in 2025 has been very strong in the market.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹5 lakh to ₹1 crore
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 90 days
    • PED Waiting Period 1 to 2 years (as per insured age)
    • Daycare treatments: 600+
    • No capping on disease-wise limits
    • Lifelong renewability
    • Free annual health check-up

    Key Benefits :

    • Suitable for senior citizens and critically ill
    • Easy access to PED coverage
    • Coverage of multiple day-care treatments
    • Treatment without sub-limit
    • Fast and reliable claim settlement

    4. Care Health Insurance

    This plan from Care Health Insurance (formerly known as Religare) is perfect for those who want a high coverage, flexible and customizable policy for their entire family. This policy in 2025 is quite popular due to its comprehensive coverage and global health option. Add-ons like OPD, maternity and critical illness can also be added to it.

    Key Features :

    • Sum Insured: ₹3 lakh to ₹6 crore
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 30 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • PED Waiting Period: 4 years
    • Global treatment add-on available
    • No upper age limit for entry
    • 21,100+ network hospitals
    • Annual health check-up included

    Key Benefits:

    • Suitable for large families or those looking for high coverage
    • Global coverage for advanced treatment
    • Can buy policy at any age without any age limit
    • Highest number of network hospitals
    • Many options to customize as per your need

    5. ICICI Lombard Health AdvantEdge

    ICICI Lombard’s Health AdvantEdge Plan is a high-end health insurance policy suitable for those looking for global coverage, critical illness protection, and advanced medical facilities. This plan is quite popular in 2025 due to its unlimited sum restore, OPD coverage, and wellness benefits.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹5 lakh to ₹50 lakh
    • Unlimited Sum Insured Restoration (multiple times/year)
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 180 days
    • Global healthcare coverage (optional add-on)
    • OPD, wellness, mental health coverage included
    • PED Waiting Period: 2 years
    • Cashless access to 11,000+ hospitals

    Key Benefits:

    • Perfect for critical illnesses or high-cost treatments
    • Sum restored even if you make multiple claims in a year
    • OPD and wellness features care for the whole family
    • Advanced coverage like mental health and global treatments
    • Fast and paperless claim process

    6. Aditya Birla Activ Health Platinum

    Aditya Birla’s Activ Health Platinum plan is a health insurance that is not just limited to treatment, but also promotes fitness and prevention. In 2025, this policy is a better option especially for those who are suffering from chronic conditions like diabetes, high BP or follow a healthy lifestyle and want to get rewards in return.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹2 lakh to ₹2 crore
    • Chronic Management Program for diabetes, hypertension
    • HealthReturns reward points for fitness activities
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 180 days
    • Daycare procedures: 586+
    • PED Waiting Period: 2–3 years
    • Annual health check-up for all members

    Key Benefits:

    • Rewards and premium discounts for staying healthy
    • Chronic Disease Management Program prevention before treatment
    • Long pre and post hospitalization cover
    • A plan designed with both family protection and fitness incentives in mind.
    • Improvement in lifestyle health along with tax benefits

    7. Tata AIG MediCare Premier

    Tata AIG MediCare Premier is a comprehensive health insurance plan suitable for those who want treatment coverage not only in India but also abroad. The popularity of this policy in 2025 has increased because it also offers facilities like global coverage, organ donor cover, maternity benefits and air ambulance – that too without any room rent limit.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹5 lakh to ₹3 crore
    • Global cover for 11 critical illnesses (selected plans)
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 90 days
    • Maternity & newborn baby cover included
    • Organ donor expenses covered
    • No room rent restriction (private AC room)
    • PED Waiting Period: 3 years
    • Cashless facility in 7,200+ network hospitals

    Key Benefits:

    • Treatment facility abroad for 11 critical illnesses
    • Coverage on pregnancy and childbirth too
    • No room rent limit no compromise in treatment
    • Premium facilities like air ambulance and donor cover
    • Suitable for high net worth individuals and travelers

    8. Reliance Health Infinity

    Reliance Health Infinity is a modern and advanced health insurance plan that offers all kinds of facilities from OPD to air ambulance and maternity. In 2025, this plan is being liked a lot among those users who want their insurance to be not just limited to hospitalization but also cover day-to-day health expenses.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹5 lakh to ₹5 crore
    • OPD cover & unlimited doctor consultations (optional)
    • Air ambulance cover included
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 90 days
    • PED Waiting Period: 3 years
    • Recharge of Sum Insured (up to 5 times/year)
    • Global emergency cover available (optional)
    • Wellness benefits & reward points

    Key Benefits:

    • Daily health expenses like OPD and medicines also covered
    • Facility of Air Ambulance and Emergency Global Coverage
    • Facility of Sum Insured Recharge – Cover remains even after claim
    • Rewards on fitness and wellness activities
    • Ideal plan for high coverage and custom add-on options

    9. Bajaj Allianz Health Guard

    Bajaj Allianz Health Guard is a simple, affordable and reliable health insurance plan designed to provide financial protection in case of medical emergencies. The plan is available in both individual and family options and is known for its fast claim processing and customer support in 2025.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹1.5 lakh to ₹50 lakh
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 90 days
    • PED Waiting Period: 4 years
    • Daycare procedures: 500+
    • Free preventive health check-up every 3 years
    • Ambulance cover up to ₹20,000/year
    • Maternity and newborn cover (optional)
    • 8,000+ network hospitals

    Key Benefits:

    • Suitable for small families and mid-income group
    • Preventive health check-ups promote long-term health care.
    • Fast and paperless claim settlement
    • Option of good coverage while staying within budget
    • Optional maternity benefits ideal for those planning a family

    10. ManipalCigna ProHealth Prime

    ManipalCigna ProHealth Prime is a modern and innovative health insurance plan designed specifically for tech-savvy users and those who like custom features. This policy comes with a “Switch Off” feature, which allows you to save premiums for the period when you are abroad or when you do not need coverage. This plan in 2025 is in the news due to its flexibility and digital friendly features.

    Key Features:

    • Sum Insured: ₹2.5 lakh to ₹1 crore
    • Switch Off feature can temporarily pause the policy
    • Unlimited Restoration of Sum Insured
    • Pre-Hospitalization: 60 days
    • Post-Hospitalization: 180 days
    • OPD & non-medical expenses covered (with add-on)
    • PED Waiting Period: 2 years
    • Preventive health check-ups included

    Key Benefits:

    • Best option for tech-savvy and traveler customers
    • Can save premium by “switching off” the coverage when not needed
    • Provides coverage for OPD and certain non-medical expenses as well.
    • Unlimited Restoration coverage remains even on repeated claims
    • Fully customizable smart health insurance plan

    Read Also: 10+ Best Investment Plan for Monthly Income in India

    Key Factors to Consider Before Buying a Health Insurance Plan

    Some of the key factors to consider before buying a Health Insurance plan are listed below:

    • What should be the sum insured : Considering the rising cost of treatment, coverage of ₹10 lakh or more has become a necessity today. A high sum insured plan is better for people living in big cities and private hospitals.
    • Cashless hospital network : It is more beneficial to choose a plan that has more network hospitals, especially in your city. This makes the claim process easier and faster.
    • Claim settlement ratio : The reliability of any health insurance depends on its claim settlement history. Choosing a health insurance plan with a claim settlement ratio of 95% or above is a safe option.
    • Pre-existing disease cover and waiting period : If you already have a pre-existing disease, check how long the plan requires you to wait before it covers it. A plan with a shorter waiting period is always better.
    • NCB, Room Rent Limit and Add-on Benefits : No Claim Bonus (NCB) increases the coverage every year. On the other hand, a plan without a room rent limit is more flexible. Also look for add-ons like maternity, OPD and health checkup.

    How to Choose the Right Health Insurance Policy for You?

    An individual should consider the below mentioned factors to choose the right health insurance policy:

    • Consider age and family size : If you are under 30 and don’t have any critical illness in your family history, you can start with a basic plan with lower premiums. But families with children or elderly should choose a floater policy with higher coverage and a shorter waiting period.
    • Use online comparison and IRDAI data: The IRDAI website provides claim settlement ratio and other information for policies. Also, online comparison tools make it easier to take a decision by looking at premiums, benefits and network hospitals together.
    • Understand add-ons as per your need: If OPD expenses are high, look for OPD cover. Advanced benefits like critical illness or global treatment also depend on the user’s needs.

    Common Mistakes to Avoid While Buying Health Insurance

    Some of the common mistakes to avoid while buying health insurance are given below:

    • Ignoring the waiting period : Most people forget that not all diseases are covered immediately after taking the policy. There is usually a waiting period of 2 to 4 years for pre-existing diseases, which is important to understand beforehand.
    • Buying a policy with low sum insured : Many times people buy policies with very low coverage to save premium. But today, a sum insured of at least ₹10 lakh has become a basic necessity.
    • Not paying attention to co-pay and sub-limits : In some policies, the policyholder has to pay a part of the hospital bill himself (co-payment). Similarly, there may be sub-limits on room rent or illness expenses, which become a problem later.
    • Buying only for tax saving : If health insurance is taken only for the tax benefit of Section 80D, then essential coverage and facilities may be missed. Always choose the policy as per your need and health history.

    Read Also: Top 10 personal finance lessons for self-learning

    Conclusion

    With medical expenses constantly rising, the right health insurance policy is not just a necessity but a wise decision. Every individual has different needs, some need a family floater, while others may need chronic disease cover. Therefore, it is important to keep in mind the features, claim history and add-on benefits while choosing a policy. The right plan not only takes care of the medical expenses but also gives peace of mind. It is wise to plan today so that any health emergency does not become a financial burden tomorrow.

    S.NO.Check Out These Interesting Posts You Might Enjoy!
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    3How to achieve financial freedom before retirement
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    5What is Personal Finance?

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Which is the best health insurance policy in India in 2025?

      HDFC ERGO Optima Restore and Niva Bupa Health Companion are the top choices in 2025. However, the ideal plan ultimately depends on an individual’s specific needs and circumstances.

    2. Which medical insurance is best for the family?

      Care Health Insurance and Star Health Comprehensive plans are good for families.

    3. What is a good sum insured amount in 2025?

      A sum insured of ₹10 lakh or more is considered better in today’s times.

    4. How long is the waiting period for pre-existing diseases?

      Most plans have a waiting period of 2 to 4 years.

    5. Can I buy health insurance online in India?

      Yes, almost all major insurance companies offer the facility to buy health insurance online.

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