{"id":22702,"date":"2025-11-09T06:11:30","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T06:11:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/?post_type=personal-finance&#038;p=22702"},"modified":"2025-11-08T06:38:49","modified_gmt":"2025-11-08T06:38:49","slug":"stock-market-terminology","status":"publish","type":"personal-finance","link":"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/personal-finance\/stock-market-terminology\/","title":{"rendered":"Top 20 Basic Stock Market Terminology for Beginners"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Whenever your friends were discussing the stock market using various jargon such as IPO, Bid Price, etc., now you don\u2019t need to feel left out.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In today\u2019s blog post, we will explain to you the top 20 basic stock market terminologies which can help you get started on your investment journey with confidence.,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/personal-finance\/stock-market-terminology\/#Basic_Stock_Market_Terminology\" title=\"Basic Stock Market Terminology\">Basic Stock Market Terminology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/personal-finance\/stock-market-terminology\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/personal-finance\/stock-market-terminology\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-basic-stock-market-terminology\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basic_Stock_Market_Terminology\"><\/span>Basic Stock Market Terminology<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The following are 20 fundamental stock market terms every beginner should know before starting to trade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-1-share-or-stock\">1. Share or Stock<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/stocks\">stock <\/a>or share represents ownership in a company\u2019s equity. The value of shares purchased by you became the part-owner of that company. Companies issue shares to raise capital and grow their business, and by owning them, you become a part of their future growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-2-bid-and-ask-price\">2. Bid and Ask Price<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/trading\/bid-ask-spread\/\">Bid and ask<\/a> are the two most important prices that an investor must know. The bid price refers to the highest price which an investor is willing to pay to purchase a stock. Whereas the ask price which a seller is willing to sell the stock. And the difference between bid-ask prices is known as the spread.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-3-broker\">3. Broker<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/broker\">broker <\/a>is an entity which acts as a middleman between you and the exchange and provides you with a platform to execute trades on the stock exchange. For their services, they charge a brokerage fee from you.Whenever your friends were discussing the stock market using various jargon such as IPO, Bid Price, etc., now you don\u2019t need to feel left out.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In today\u2019s blog post, we will explain to you the top 20 basic stock market terminologies which can help you get started on your investment journey with confidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-4-trading-volume\">4. Trading Volume<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The trading volume refers to the total number of shares traded or bought, or sold during a particular time period. It acts as a key indicator for traders in identifying the trend of a stock. An increasing stock price, along with the higher trading volume, indicates a bullish momentum, and vice versa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-5-liquidity\">5. Liquidity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It refers to the availability of buyers and sellers at the time of executing traders. Higher liquidity in any stock allows you to easily buy or sell it. Stocks with higher liquidity allow you to execute the shares at a fair price.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-6-volatility\">6. Volatility<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Volatility in the stock market refers to how quickly the price of a stock or market index is moving up and down. Prices of stocks with higher liquidity fluctuate very rapidly compared to illiquid stocks. Higher volatility also comes with an opportunity to earn profit from quick movement in prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-7-market-capitalisation\">7. Market Capitalisation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Companies listed in India are categorised based on their valuation, and the method used to calculate this valuation is market capitalisation. It is calculated by multiplying the total number of outstanding shares by the current market price of a share. Based on the market capitalisation, companies are categorised into large-cap,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-8-initial-public-offering-ipo\">8. Initial Public Offering (IPO)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When a company seeks to raise capital from the public, it can do so by launching an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/tools\/current-ipos\">IPO.<\/a> It is the first step taken by a company to get itself listed on the stock market. This process is known as an Initial Public Offering. Once the shares are listed on a stock exchange, they can be traded freely in the market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-9-stock-split\">9. Stock Split<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a corporate action in which a company divides its existing shares by reducing the price per share and increasing the outstanding shares. Shares were split by the company to make it more affordable and accessible to a wide range of investors. However, the share split only increases the number of outstanding shares but does not&nbsp; increase the company&#8217;s overall market value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-10-blue-chip-stock\">10. Blue-chip Stock<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/best-blue-chip-stocks-list\/\">Blue-chip stock <\/a>is shares of large-cap companies. They are generally shares of large, established, and financially strong companies. Investment in blue-chip stocks carries relatively lower risk, but they have the potential of providing stable and consistent returns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-11-market-and-limit-orders\">11. Market and Limit Orders<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>These are types of orders which one can place while executing their trades. In a Market order, the shares are executed at the best available market price. Whereas, in a limit order, the shares are executed at the price defined by the trader or at a specific price. Limit orders are not executed immediately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-12-bull-and-bear-market\">12. Bull and Bear Market<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>These are the two common phases of the market. A bull market is a phase when the stock prices are rising or investors have an optimistic view of the market. However, in the bear phase of the market when the stock price generally falls more than 20%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-13-dividend\">13. Dividend<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When a company earns profit, it distributes a certain portion of its profit to its existing shareholders in the form of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/what-is-dividend-in-stock-market\/\">dividend<\/a>. Investment in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/what-is-dividend-yield\/\">dividend yield<\/a> companies is suitable for conservative investors or for investors seeking regular income. However, not every company pays dividends; some use their profit for expansion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-14-index\">14. Index<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/index-derivatives-in-india\/\"> index<\/a> represents a group of stocks which reflects the performance of a particular sector. The performance of the index can be used to measure the performance of the portfolio. Examples of popular indices are Nifty 50, Nifty Mid Cap, Bank Nifty, Nifty IT, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-15-stoploss\">15. Stoploss<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/trading\/stop-loss\/\">stoploss <\/a>is a tool used by traders as a risk management strategy to limit their potential loss. It is an automated order placed by the trader to buy or sell a security when the share price reaches a certain level. The primary objective of this order is to protect investors from loss without consistently monitoring the market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-16-etf\">16. ETF<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ETF or Exchange Traded Fund is a type of investment tool offered by asset management companies. This is traded on the stock exchange like any other stock. An investor is required to have a demat and trading account if they wish to invest in it. It invests the money pooled from investors in a basket of assets such as bonds, indices, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-17-demat-and-trading-account\">17. Demat and Trading Account<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To invest in the stock market, it is essential to have a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/open-demat-account\">trading and demat account<\/a>. A trading account allows you to execute your trades in the securities market. Whereas, in your demat account, you can hold securities or shares. Both accounts are interconnected and need to be opened with a broker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-18-market-capitalisation\">18. Market Capitalisation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/top-companies-in-india-by-market-capitalization\/\">Market capitalisation<\/a> is often used to calculate the market value of a company. It is calculated by multiplying the total number of outstanding shares by the current market price of the share. Based on the value calculated, the companies are divided into three different categories such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/large-cap-vs-mid-cap-vs-small-cap-funds\/\">large-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-19-portfolio\">19. Portfolio<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/top-investors-in-india-and-their-portfolios\/\">portfolio<\/a> is a combination of different asset classes or investments held by an individual or an institution. The wide range of financial instruments held by an investor may include equity, debt, commodities, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-20-capital-gain\">20. Capital Gain<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Whenever you earn profit from investment in the equity market, you will have to pay <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/tax\/capital-gains-tax\/\">Capital Gain Tax<\/a> on it. The applicable capital gain tax depends on the duration of investment, such as investments sold before one year are subject to tax as per the applicable tax rate of short-term capital gain, which is 20%. However, if the investment is sold after one year of investment, it will be taxed at a rate of 12.5%, after including the exemption of 125000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Read Also: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/what-is-a-good-rule-for-investing-in-stocks\/\">What is a good rule for investing in stocks?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On a concluding note, having an understanding of the stock market&#8217;s basic terminology is essential for a beginner to start investing in stocks. Initially, various terms might confuse you, but over time, you will get to understand them, and it can help you navigate the market easily. To get more clarity about any terms related to the stock market, you can read blogs, articles, and consult your investment advisor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table has-small-font-size\"><table><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">S.NO.<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Check Out These Interesting Posts You Might Enjoy!<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/trading\/intraday-trading-rules-and-new-sebi-regulations\/\">Intraday Trading Rules and New SEBI Regulations<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/trading\/breakout-trading\/\">Breakout Trading: Definition, Pros, And Cons<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/5-points-to-be-considered-before-buying-or-selling-any-stocks\/\">5 points to be considered before buying or selling any stocks<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/trading\/what-is-day-trading\/\">What Is Day Trading and How to Start With It?<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/things-to-know-before-market-opens\/\">20 Things to Know Before the Stock Market Opens<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/best-share-market-learning-apps-in-india\/\">Best Share Market Learning Apps in India<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-frequently-asked-questions-faqs\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"saswp-faq-block-section\"><ol style=\"list-style-type:none\"><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\">What is the difference between a demat and a trading account?<\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">A trading account is used by a trader to execute trades on the exchange. Whereas,a demat account is required to hold the securities purchased in electronic form.<\/p><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\">Do I need to pay taxes on the profit earned from the stock market?<\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">Yes, the profits earned from the stock market are subject to tax as per the applicable capital gain tax. If the shares are sold within the period of one year, short-term tax liability will be generated, and if the holdings are sold after one year, long-term capital gain tax is payable.<\/p><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\">What is the formula to calculate market capitalisation?<\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">The formula to calculate market capitalisation is as follows:Market Capitalisation = Total Number of Outstanding Shares * Current Market Price.<\/p><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\">When does the bear market phase start?<\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">A bear market is a phase when the stock or the index value falls by 20% or more.<\/p><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\">What is the meaning of IPO?<\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">An IPO is also known as an Initial Public Offering. When a company wishes to raise capital from the public, it can do so by launching its IPO.<\/p><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n<p><br><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Whenever your friends were discussing the stock market using various jargon such as IPO, Bid Price, etc., now you don\u2019t need to feel left out.&nbsp; In today\u2019s blog post, we will explain to you the top 20 basic stock market terminologies which can help you get started on your investment journey with confidence., Basic Stock [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":22711,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22702","personal-finance","type-personal-finance","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-personal-finance"],"acf":{"freelancer":"Harjyot"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.13 (Yoast SEO v21.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Top 20 Basic Stock Market Terms for Beginners<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn the top 20 basic stock market terms every beginner should know. 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