{"id":4453,"date":"2024-04-22T05:52:50","date_gmt":"2024-04-22T05:52:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/?p=4453"},"modified":"2025-02-27T11:41:10","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T11:41:10","slug":"mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/","title":{"rendered":"What are Mergers and Acquisitions (M&amp;A)? Advantages, Disadvantages, and Classifications"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Reading newspaper articles about larger companies acquiring smaller ones for strategic purposes is common nowadays. However, have you ever wondered why companies spend millions (or even billions) on acquisitions?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today&#8217;s blog aims to explain mergers and acquisitions to you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Mergers_and_Acquisitions_Overview\" title=\"Mergers and Acquisitions Overview\">Mergers and Acquisitions Overview<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Advantages\" title=\"Advantages\">Advantages<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Disadvantages\" title=\"Disadvantages\">Disadvantages<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Reasons\" title=\"Reasons\">Reasons<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Classifications_of_Mergers\" title=\"Classifications of Mergers\">Classifications of Mergers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Classifications_of_Acquisitions\" title=\"Classifications of Acquisitions\">Classifications of Acquisitions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Process_of_M_A\" title=\"Process of M&amp;A\">Process of M&amp;A<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/wp-api.pocketful.in\/blog\/mergers-and-acquisitions-advantages-disadvantages-and-classifications\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-mergers-and-acquisitions-overview\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mergers_and_Acquisitions_Overview\"><\/span>Mergers and Acquisitions Overview<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Although generally used interchangeably, mergers and acquisitions have distinctly different meanings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A merger is the process by which two or more companies come together to form a single new company. The combined entity, led by personnel from both organizations, often adopts a new name. Ultimately, the newly formed organization is stronger as both companies decide to merge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The term &#8216;acquisition&#8217; refers to the process of one company acquiring over 51% of another company and becoming its parent. Acquisitions are generally processed as a common decision from both parties, but the output can also be achieved via Hostile takeovers, which are done without the acquiree company\u2019s management approval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-advantages\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Advantages\"><\/span>Advantages<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Helps the company in <strong>expanding its performance and reach.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The newly formed company will help <strong>eliminate market competition<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Since a subsidiary firm&#8217;s profit and loss get consolidated at the parent level, mergers and acquisitions can occasionally enable a corporation to <strong>receive tax benefits.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M&amp;A activities help companies <strong>diversify their business.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Business-competition-amico.png\" alt=\"Benefits of M&amp;A\" class=\"wp-image-3554\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:318px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Business-competition-amico-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Business-competition-amico-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Business-competition-amico-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Business-competition-amico-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Business-competition-amico-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Business-competition-amico.png 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-disadvantages\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Disadvantages\"><\/span>Disadvantages<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Many firms find it difficult to conduct M&amp;A due to the <strong>high cost<\/strong>. Failure to draw out the intended value from the M&amp;A can prove fatal for the company in the long run.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acquiree companies may have to experience <strong>mass layoffs <\/strong>in order to generate long term efficiency.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Achieving the intended M&amp;A goals may be challenging if the <strong>two merging organizations have different working cultures,<\/strong> which causes coordination issues.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Financial risk <\/strong>can arise during an M&amp;A because target companies are often overpaid and thus experience difficulties in achieving the intended outcomes.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-reasons\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reasons\"><\/span>Reasons<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are various reasons for mergers and acquisitions, a few of which are mentioned below-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Growth <\/strong>\u2013 This is the primary driver behind corporate mergers and acquisitions, as increasing client base and market share is the main goal of operations.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Expertise <\/strong>\u2013 In most cases, established companies acquire innovative startups with cutting-edge technology to incorporate into their own products.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tax Benefit <\/strong>\u2013 M&amp;A between two different companies could potentially help in saving taxes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Diversification <\/strong>\u2013 In order to reduce business risk, companies can diversify their business through mergers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Competitive Advantage<\/strong> \u2013 Businesses engaged in similar types of activities may combine to create a monopoly and drive out competitors.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Read Also: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/why-tata-motors-share-price-is-falling\/\">Why Tata Motors Share Price is Falling? | Latest Analysis &amp; Market Trends<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-classifications-of-mergers\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Classifications_of_Mergers\"><\/span>Classifications of Mergers<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Horizontal Merger<\/strong> \u2013 In this type of merger, the businesses belong to the same sector and use a similar supply chain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vertical Merger <\/strong>\u2013 This kind of merger involves businesses operating at different levels within the same industry.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Conglomerate Merger <\/strong>\u2013 Conglomerate mergers occur when two unconnected businesses unite. An example would be the merger of a software company and a shoe company.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Congeneric Merger<\/strong> \u2013 Two businesses with different customer bases in the same industry merge in a congeneric merger. As an illustration, a congeneric merger occurs when a car manufacturer joins up with a tire manufacturer.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Statutory Merger<\/strong> \u2013 Acquiring firms gain control over the target company, which they manage but operate independently.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Businessman-bro.png\" alt=\"Eliminating competition after M&amp;A\" class=\"wp-image-2433\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:cover;width:402px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Businessman-bro-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Businessman-bro-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Businessman-bro-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Businessman-bro-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Businessman-bro-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/cms-resources.pocketful.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Businessman-bro.png 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-classifications-of-acquisitions\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Classifications_of_Acquisitions\"><\/span>Classifications of Acquisitions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Asset Acquisition<\/strong> \u2013 Instead of purchasing the target company&#8217;s shares, the acquiring company purchases its assets, such as buildings, machinery, and intellectual property.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Share Acquisition<\/strong> \u2013 Acquiring firms gain control over the target company, which is managed by them but operates independently.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-process-of-m-amp-a\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Process_of_M_A\"><\/span>Process of M&amp;A<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The process of merger and acquisition in India are as follows-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.\u00a0<\/strong>The corporation must first determine whether or not its Memorandum of Association permits it to do so. If not, the MoA must be amended.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.<\/strong>\u00a0Listed companies must then notify the stock market of their plans by orders, notices, and resolutions.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3.\u00a0<\/strong>The company must then develop a document for this purpose, and both companies&#8217; boards of directors must ratify it.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.<\/strong>\u00a0Subsequently, an organization must apply to the National Company Law Tribunal to obtain approval for the merger and acquisition record.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5.<\/strong>\u00a0Following the approval, all shareholders must receive information about the merger and acquisition process within 21 days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6.<\/strong>\u00a0The next step in the process would be to take over the assets of the acquiring company or merge the assets and liabilities of both companies.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7.\u00a0<\/strong>The new company will issue its shares to its shareholders after the M&amp;A activity is completed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Read Also: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pocketful.in\/blog\/risks-and-rewards-of-penny-stocks\/\">The Risks and Rewards of Investing in Penny Stocks<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The process of mergers and acquisitions encompasses much more than buying or selling a company; it is complex and multifaceted. While M&amp;A can be a beneficial strategy for some businesses, some find it costly and ineffective.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gaining a deeper comprehension of the idea will help you understand the world of M&amp;A.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-frequently-asked-questions-faqs\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions_FAQs\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"saswp-faq-block-section\"><ol style=\"list-style-type:none\"><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\"><strong>What are the famous mergers and acquisitions in India?<\/strong><\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">A few well-known merger and acquisition deals in India include Walmart&#8217;s 2018 acquisition of Flipkart, Reliance Industries&#8217; 2020 acquisition of Future Group, and Tata Steel&#8217;s 2018 acquisition of Bhushan Steel.\u00a0<\/p><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\"><strong>What will happen to shareholders in case of M&amp;A?<\/strong><\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">In the case of M&amp;A, the updated quantity authorized by the ratio will be distributed to the shareholders along with the shares of the new organization.\u00a0<\/p><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\"><strong>Are mergers and acquisitions good for shareholders?<\/strong><\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">Yes, if the M&amp;A is successful, the company&#8217;s growth will accelerate, which will ultimately raise the share price.\u00a0<\/p><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\"><strong>How long will it take to complete the process of M&amp;A?<\/strong><\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">The duration of the M&amp;A process typically ranges from six months to a year, depending on the deal&#8217;s complexity.\u00a0<\/p><li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><h3 class=\"\"><strong>What are the major steps involved in an M&amp;A deal?<\/strong><\/h3><p class=\"saswp-faq-answer-text\">The M&amp;A process has a lot of steps including identifying the target company, conducting due diligence, negotiating with the company, obtaining regulatory clearance, and integration with the new parent.\u00a0<\/p><\/ul><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reading newspaper articles about larger companies acquiring smaller ones for strategic purposes is common nowadays. However, have you ever wondered why companies spend millions (or even billions) on acquisitions?&nbsp; Today&#8217;s blog aims to explain mergers and acquisitions to you. Mergers and Acquisitions Overview Although generally used interchangeably, mergers and acquisitions have distinctly different meanings. A [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4455,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"is_paper_insight":false,"paper_insight_image":0,"paper_insight_pdf":0,"paper_insight_ppt":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-investing"],"acf":{"freelancer":"Akash Gupta"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.13 (Yoast SEO v21.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What are Mergers and Acquisitions (M&amp;A)? Advantages, Disadvantages, and Classifications - Pocketful<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M&amp;A are corporate transactions that aim to restructure company ownership. 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