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How to Backtest Trading Strategy – Tools, Tips & Examples

You already know why backtesting is so helpful if you’ve ever traded based on a “gut feeling” and then regretted it. It is like saying, “What if I had used this strategy before? Would it have worked?”

There has been significant progress in backtesting since 2025. AI, cloud platforms, and easy-to-use broker tools have made it possible for even regular traders like you to test strategies similar to hedge funds.

We will explain in this blog what backtesting is, why it is important, the tools you can use, and some examples you can try.

What is Backtesting

Think of backtesting as a time machine for traders. You come up with a strategy (say, “buy NIFTY when the 50-day moving average crosses above the 200-day moving average”), then you test it on old market data to see what would have happened.

It will not predict the future, but it gives you an idea of whether your strategy has potential or if it is just wishful thinking.

And here is the catch,

Backtesting helps in checking strategies on past data.
Paper trading/forward testing lets you use these strategies in real time without risking money.

Both matter. Backtesting shows you the past, and paper trading shows you how it handles today’s chaos.

Why Backtesting is Important

Markets today move faster than ever. AI bots, global events, etc., can shift things overnight. Below is why backtesting is useful.

Better data – You can get tick-by-tick history for stocks, forex, and crypto.
AI help – Platforms can optimise your settings automatically.
Cloud power – No need for a heavy-duty PC, cloud tools crunch years of data in minutes.
Easy access – Several online tools let you test ideas without writing a single line of code.

In short, backtesting keeps you from blindly trusting your gut. It tells you if your “great idea” has legs before you risk real money.

Main Steps of Backtesting

Here is the complete process, broken down into simple steps,

Write down your rules. Be clear in your mind. Example – Buy when RSI drops below 30 and price is above the 20-day EMA. Sell when RSI hits 70 or stop-loss of 5%.
Get the data. NSE/BSE feeds for stocks.
Pick your tool. Coders can use Python frameworks. If you do not like coding or do not belong to that background, you can also explore other options like TradingView.
Run the test. Apply your rules to past data and let the software do the work.
Check the results. Do not just look at profits; instead, dig into risk, drawdowns, and consistency.
Tweak carefully. Adjust parameters, but do not try to over-optimise
Validate in real time. Paper trade or test with a small amount of capital before going big.

Points to track during Backtesting

1. Win Rate

Simply put, how often your trades end up being winners. Example: If you win 6 out of 10 trades, that is a 60% win rate.

2. Risk-Reward Ratio

Are your profits bigger than your losses? For instance, if you risk ₹1 to make ₹2, that is a good and healthy 1:2 setup.

3. Profit Factor

This compares total profits to total losses. Anything above 1 means you are making more than you are losing (1.5 or higher is usually good).

4. Maximum Drawdown

The worst fall your account takes from peak to bottom. Helps you see how much pain you will need to sit through in a bad phase.

5. Sharpe or Sortino Ratio

These names might sound complex at first, but they show how much return you are getting for the risk you take. Higher is always better.

6. Out-of-Sample Testing

Test your idea on fresh data that it has not “seen” before. This shows whether your strategy is strong or simply lucky with past numbers.

Read Also: Best Trading Apps in India

Suggestions for Effective Backtesting

Know what you are testing – Before diving in, be clear about your goal. Are you testing a trend-following strategy or something else? Having a focus keeps things simple and effective.
Use good data – Bad data leads to bad results. Make sure your historical price data is accurate and long enough to cover different market conditions. Do not forget things like stock splits, dividends, and other corporate actions.
Factor in real costs – Trading is not free! Include brokerage, slippage, and any other costs so your results reflect reality.
Test in different markets – A strategy that works in a bull market might fail in a bear market. Try it across various conditions, uptrends, downtrends, and sideways markets.
Do not over-optimise – It is tempting to tweak parameters to get perfect results, but too many changes can ruin your strategy in real life. Keep things realistic.
Keep it simple – Complex strategies may look impressive in backtests, but simple ones are easier to manage and more likely to survive in real markets.
Review and adapt – Markets change. Backtesting is not a one-and-done exercise. Keep checking and tweaking your strategies.

Example

The Idea – Think of this as a simple “trend-following” plan.

1. You buy when the 50-day moving average (MA) moves above the 200-day MA. That’s usually a sign the stock is gaining strength.

2. You sell when the 50-day MA dips below the 200-day MA, hinting the stock may be heading down.

Step 1 – Gather the Data

Pull daily price data for the stock from the last 5–10 years. Make sure it’s adjusted for things like stock splits and dividends so your numbers are accurate.

Step 2 – Apply the Rules

Calculate the 50-day and 200-day moving averages for each trading day.

1. Mark a buy when the 50-day crosses above the 200-day.

2. Mark a sell when it crosses below.

Step 3 – Testing

Suppose you started with ₹10,000.

1. On a buy signal, purchase the stock at the day’s closing price.

2. On the next sell signal, sell at that day’s close.

Also, do not forget to include brokerage costs and small slippages for a real-time picture.

Step 4 – Review the Results

Check how much profit or loss you’d end up with. Look at useful stats like max drawdown (how much you could have lost at worst), win/loss ratio, and risk-adjusted returns.

Finally, ask yourself, did the strategy work in trending markets but struggle in sideways ones? Were the losses reasonable compared to the gains? Could tweaking the rules make it better?

Read Also: Top AI Trading Apps in India

Conclusion

Backtesting is not about predicting the future; it is about being prepared. A good backtest helps you determine if your idea is worth pursuing, what risks to expect, and whether it aligns with your investment style. The best part is that tools are now easier to use, data will be richer, and AI is making the process smarter as well as easier. But no matter how fancy your software is, remember, discipline, forward testing, and risk management are what make strategies work in real life.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the tools where you can backtest your strategies?
You can use trading platforms with built-in backtesting, Python, dedicated backtesting software or broker platforms with historical data.
How much historical data do I need?
It completely depends on your strategy, but at least 3 to 5 years is considered ideal to cover different market conditions.
Can backtesting be done for all markets?
Yes! Stocks, forex, commodities, and indices can all be backtested with the help of correct data.
How often should I backtest?
As we know, the market changes regularly, so reviewing and updating strategies keeps them relevant.
Can backtesting guarantee profits?
No. It shows historical performance but cannot predict future market moves.

October 13, 2025

Differences Between VWAP and TWAP

Simply choosing the right stock isn’t enough; how you buy and sell it matters just as much. Placing a large order all at once can often move the market price, leading to poor execution. To avoid this, traders rely on specialized execution strategies. Two of the most widely used are VWAP (Volume-Weighted Average Price) and TWAP (Time-Weighted Average Price). While VWAP executes trades in line with market volume, TWAP spreads orders evenly across fixed time intervals.

In this blog, we’ll break down what VWAP and TWAP are, their formulas, examples, their key differences, their role in different markets, common mistakes to avoid, and finally, how to choose the right approach for your trades.

What is VWAP?

VWAP, or Volume-Weighted Average Price, is an indicator that shows the average price of a stock during a trading day. However, this isn’t a simple average; each price is weighted by the volume at that time. This means that prices that are more heavily traded will have a greater impact on VWAP.

VWAP Formula

VWAP = ( Σ (Price × Volume) ) ÷ ( Σ Volume )

Where,

Price = the price of each trade
Volume = the number of shares bought/sold in that trade
Σ (Price × Volume) = the total of all trades (price × volume)
Σ Volume = the total volume of all trades

Example : If three trades were made in a stock:

100 shares at ₹200
150 shares at ₹205
250 shares at ₹210

Then,

Price × Volume = (200 × 100) + (205 × 150) + (210 × 250)

= 20,000 + 30,750 + 52,500 = 103,250

Total Volume = 100 + 150 + 250 = 500

VWAP = 103,250 ÷ 500 = ₹206.50

What is TWAP?

TWAP, or Time-Weighted Average Price, is an execution strategy in which a large order is divided into smaller parts and executed at equal intervals. The advantage of this is that it prevents sudden market pressure and allows the trade to be executed gradually. This method is often used when liquidity is low or the trader does not want their large order to be visible to the rest of the market.

TWAP Formula

TWAP = ( P₁ + P₂ + P₃ + … + Pₙ ) ÷ n

Where,

P₁, P₂, P₃ … Pₙ = prices traded at different times
n = total number of time intervals

Example: Suppose you need to buy 1,000 shares. You decide to split the order into 4 equal parts of 250 shares each and execute them at different times:

10 am – 250 shares at ₹200
11 am – 250 shares at ₹202
12 pm – 250 shares at ₹205
1 pm – 250 shares at ₹203

TWAP = (200 + 202 + 205 + 203) ÷ 4

= 810 ÷ 4

= ₹202.50

VWAP vs TWAP: Core Differences

Criteria	VWAP (Volume-Weighted Average Price)	TWAP (Time-Weighted Average Price)
Calculation Method	VWAP = ( Σ (Price × Volume) ) ÷ ( Σ Volume )	TWAP = ( P₁ + P₂ + P₃ + … + Pₙ ) ÷ n
Order Distribution Logic	Executes orders based on market volume	Order in equal parts at equal time intervals
Sensitivity to Volume	Highly sensitive where there is more volume, more orders will go there.	Independent of volume, based only on time
Best Suited Market	High liquidity stocks and indices	Assets with low liquidity or irregular volume
Pros	Orders blend with market trends, making benchmark comparison easier	Simple and predictable execution, low market impact
Cons	Sudden spikes in volume can distort VWAP, causing the executed price to deviate from the intended average.	TWAP executes orders at fixed intervals. If the market price moves unfavorably during an interval, the order for that interval will still be executed, which may result in a less-than-ideal price.
Best For Traders	Institutions and long-term investors with large orders	Options traders and those looking for steady execution in small tranches

When Should Traders Use VWAP?

VWAP is a simple strategy and is beneficial when the stock is liquid and the order is large. This ensures the order flows smoothly into the market without significantly impacting the price.

In liquid stocks : those with high daily volume VWAP integrates the order into market activity.
For institutions : Mutual funds and large investors compare their buying and selling with VWAP to see if execution occurs near the market average.
Reducing slippage : VWAP keeps the order close to the average price, preventing price distortion.
When orders are not urgent : If time permits, VWAP executes orders slowly and provides a better price.

When Should Traders Use TWAP?

TWAP is useful when market liquidity is low and the order is large. The order is divided into equal parts and executed at fixed time intervals. The advantage is that the trade is executed gradually and there is no sudden pressure on the price.

In low-liquidity stocks : where volume is low TWAP allows for order execution easily.
In crypto and forex markets : volume is uneven in these markets, so TWAP is more useful.
When not to signal the market : If you don’t want other traders to notice your large order, TWAP is the best option.

VWAP vs TWAP in Different Markets

Widespread Use of VWAP in Equities : VWAP is most popular in the Indian equity market. This is because large-cap and liquid stocks have high daily volume. Therefore, VWAP smoothly integrates orders into the market flow, ensuring execution occurs around the average price. Mutual funds and institutional investors evaluate their trades using VWAP as a benchmark.
When is TWAP used? : TWAP is less common in equities, but it is used in low-liquidity stocks or block deals. TWAP divides orders evenly over time, preventing sudden price pressure. In Indian markets, it is often used when an investor does not want the market to signal a large order.
Trend of Hybrid Strategies : Many brokers and institutions are now using hybrid strategies by combining VWAP and TWAP. This makes execution more flexible. VWAP captures market volume, while TWAP provides time-based control. This approach is proving especially effective for large institutional desks.

Common Mistakes Traders Make with VWAP and TWAP

Universal Use : Many traders think that VWAP and TWAP are useful for every trade. The truth is that VWAP is good for liquid stocks, while TWAP is suitable for stocks or assets with low liquidity.
Ignoring Volume : VWAP operates on volume. If a stock has low volume and someone still executes a VWAP strategy, the execution will be inaccurate.
Not Considering Market Timing : TWAP executes at fixed intervals. If the market price is unfavorable at that time, the trade may be executed at a less-than-ideal price.
Blindly Following the Strategy : VWAP and TWAP are merely execution tools. If they are blindly followed without proper analysis and risk management, they can result in losses.

Conclusion

Both VWAP and TWAP offer unique advantages depending on the trading scenario. VWAP works best for liquid stocks and large institutional orders, while TWAP is ideal for low-liquidity situations or when gradual, steady execution is preferred. In the Indian equity market, VWAP is more widely used, but TWAP also plays a valuable role. Ultimately, the right strategy depends on the trader’s objectives, order size, and market conditions. Choosing the approach that aligns with your trade can help achieve smoother execution and better results. It is advised to consult a financial advisor before trading.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the main difference between VWAP and TWAP?
VWAP operates on volume, while TWAP executes orders at fixed time intervals.
Which is better for large orders?
VWAP is better for large orders in more liquid stocks.
Can retail traders use VWAP and TWAP?
Yes, but their impact on small orders is minimal.
Is VWAP commonly used in Indian markets?
Yes, in the Indian equity market, institutions use VWAP more.
When should I prefer TWAP?
When the stock is illiquid and orders need to be cleared slowly.

October 12, 2025

List of Indian Companies Offering Shareholder Perks

When most people think about buying stocks, the first thing that comes to mind is making profits by getting dividends, watching stock prices go up, and building wealth over time. But sometimes, being a shareholder comes with some extra perks. These benefits can include anything from free vouchers and early access to launches to discounts on goods and services. The company is saying “thank you” to its loyal shareholders by giving them these things. This is a common trend in Western markets, but a few Indian companies have also started giving these tempting bonuses.

Understanding Shareholder Perks

Shareholder perks are non-cash benefits given to investors in addition to traditional returns like dividends or stock price appreciation. These perks can include:

Discounts on hotel stays, restaurants, or retail products.
Gift vouchers for shopping or travel.
Priority access to new product launches.
Complimentary stays or services based on shareholding.

Globally, well-known companies like Disney have long offered perks, such as discounted park tickets, to their shareholders. Similarly, Berkshire Hathaway provides discounts at its owned businesses during its annual meetings. India has fewer examples, but the trend is slowly growing as companies feel that perks not only make investors happy but also strengthen customer loyalty.

Why Shareholder Perks Matter in India

In the last few years, the Indian stock market has seen a massive jump in the participation of retail investors. With several new demat accounts being opened every month, people are not just buying stocks as numbers on a screen anymore; they are buying into brands they actually use in their daily lives.

That is where shareholder perks come in. They do two simple things;

Bring investors closer to the brand – If you are both a customer and a shareholder, perks give you a more personal connection with the company.
Encourage long-term holding – Most perks come with minimum shareholding requirements, which means investors are motivated to stay invested.

List of Indian Companies Offering Shareholder Perks

1. ITC HOTELS

ITC goes beyond a big company; it is also one of the most popular names when it comes to shareholder perks. Through its hospitality arm, ITC Hotels, shareholders get access to discounts on stays, dining, and spa services. Eligible investors usually receive booklets or digital coupons that can be used at ITC’s luxury hotels and resorts. While these perks may not add up to huge savings compared to dividends, they offer a nice lifestyle benefit for anyone who enjoys premium experiences.

2. INDIAN HOTELS

Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL), which is part of the Tata Group and manages the famous Taj Hotels, gives its shareholders special perks like discounts on rooms, meals, and other luxury services at Taj properties. These benefits can help people who travel often or are Taj fans save a lot of money and feel more connected to the brand. It is not just about owning the stock, instead it is about getting a taste of the high-end Taj experience.

3. VIP INDUSTRIES

VIP Industries, India’s top luggage maker, has made its shareholders happy with product discounts. Investors have been offered savings on suitcases, bags, and accessories, perks, especially for families and travellers. Beyond the discounts, there is also the joy of using products from a company you partly own. By rewarding shareholders in this way, VIP Industries strengthens both customer loyalty and investor engagement.

4. TAJ GVK HOTELS & RESORTS

Taj GVK, a joint venture between Indian Hotels and the GVK Group, also offers perks to its shareholders. Investors can enjoy discounted room rates and services at Taj properties under its umbrella. The idea is simple: customers become shareholders, and shareholders become loyal customers. Taj GVK’s perks appeal strongly to those who value lifestyle-driven investments.

5. RAYMOND LIMITED

Raymond, the iconic textile and apparel brand, is famous for its premium fabrics, suits, and stylish clothing. Shareholders often enjoy special shopping discounts and vouchers, making it easier to pick up Raymond products at reduced prices. These perks not only add lifestyle value but also turn shareholders into natural ambassadors for the brand. For anyone who cares about fashion, it is the perfect blend of investment and everyday savings.

How to Find Companies’ Offerings Perks

If you are curious about shareholder perks, here are a few easy ways to track them down;

Annual Reports – Some companies include perks in their annual reports, but they usually do so in sections about governance or investor relations.

Investor Presentations – Brands in hospitality, retail, and other consumer spaces often talk about perks when trying to attract investors.

Investor Communities – Online forums and groups are great places to learn about benefits, requirements to join, and even real-life experiences from other investors.

Conclusion

Shareholder perks are not as common in India as they are in Western markets, but they are slowly becoming more popular. These benefits give investors more than just money. They make life better and make people feel like they are part of the brands they support.

That being said, you should not let the benefits be the only thing you think about when you invest. Long-term growth and strong fundamentals have to come first. If the perks fit with your lifestyle, think of them as a nice bonus along the way.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Do all Indian companies offer benefits?
Not at all. Only a few companies offer, and they usually operate hotels, stores, or restaurants.
Do I need to have a certain number of shares?
Yes, most perks come with a minimum period you need to hold them.
Do you have to pay taxes on these perks?
No, these perks are often considered as discounts and are not taxable.
Will I automatically get benefits as a shareholder?
Not always. Some companies send them directly, while others may ask you to sign up or apply.
Are shareholder perks better than dividends?
Dividends put money in your pocket, but perks make your life better.

October 12, 2025

Top Biotech Companies Stocks in India

Biotechnology is now one of India’s most innovative and emerging industries. This sector offers an opportunity for creating wealth over time because there is a rising need for affordable medicines, vaccines, and innovative therapies.

In today’s blog post, we will give you an overview of the top biotech companies in India, along with the future of this sector.

What are Biotech Companies’ Stocks?

Biotech companies’ stocks are the shares of those companies which are primarily engaged in medicines, vaccines, etc. related to the healthcare sector. Through innovative technologies,they develop advanced medicines which are used to treat various diseases related to cancer, etc.

Top Biotech Stocks to Buy in India

Biocon Limited
Anthem Biosciences Limited
Onesource Speciality Pharma Limited
Sai Lifesciences Limited
Acutaas Chemicals Limited
Glaxosmithkline Pharma Limited
Syngene International Limited
Indegene Limited
Windlas Biotech Limited
Vivo Biotech Limited

Company	Current Market Price (INR)	Market Capitalisation (in INR crore)	52-Week High	52-Week Low
Biocon Limited	341	45590	406	291
Anthem Biosciences Limited	763	42871	874	702
Onesource Speciality Pharma Limited	1840	21077	2250	1163
Sai Lifesciences Limited	861	18010	943	635
Acutaas Chemicals Limited	1318	10789	1530	727
Glaxosmithkline Pharma Limited	2660	45117	3516	1921
Syngene International Limited	623	25097	961	599
Indegene Limited	561	13472	737	485
Windlas Biotech Limited	906	1909	1198	665
Vivo Biotech Limited	37.2	74.4	56.9	31.2

(As of 30th Sep 2025)

Overview of Top Biotech Stocks to Buy in India

The overview of top biotech stocks to buy in India is as follows:

1. Biocon Limited

Kiran Mazumdar Shaw started Biocon Limited in 1978. It is now one of India’s top biopharmaceutical companies. The company started as a manufacturer of industrial enzymes and later transformed into a major player in the biopharmaceutical industry, focusing on new and affordable medicines. It has a strong presence across more than 120 countries. The company’s headquarters is situated in Bengaluru.

2. Anthem Biosciences Limited

The company was founded in 2006 by Ajay Bhardwaj, Ganesh Sambasivam, and K. Ravindra Chandrappa. The company started operations in 2007 with its Unit I facility at Bommasandra. It started with a 6 KL custom synthesis plant and later added a small fermentation capacity for discovery biology. Anthem Biosciences Limited is a well-known Indian Contract Research, Development, and Manufacturing Organisation (CRDMO). It has its headquarters in Bengaluru.

3. OneSource Speciality Pharma Limited

OneSource Speciality Pharma Limited is a biopharmaceutical CDMO (Contract Development & Manufacturing Organisation) with headquarters in Bengaluru, which offers comprehensive services for specialty pharmaceuticals and biologics. In June 2007, it was incorporated as Inbiopro Solutions Private Limited. In 2014, it changed its name to Stelis Biopharma Private Limited; in 2021, it went public; and in February 2024, it finally changed its name to Onesource Speciality Pharma Limited.

4. Sai Lifesciences Limited Company

The company was incorporated in 1999 and initially was named Sai Dru Syn Laboratories Limited. Later in 2012, the company finally changed its name to Sai Life Sciences Limited. The company merged with Prasad Drugs in 2004 and acquired Merrifield Pharma in 2006. It also has various R&D facilities in the USA and UK. Currently serves more than 250 global innovator pharma and biotech clients. The company’s headquarters is situated in Hyderabad.

5. Acutaas Chemicals Limited

The company was founded in 2004. Initially, it was a partnership firm, and later in 2007, it converted into a private limited company. Finally, in 2018, it became a publicly limited company. Recently, in 2025, the company changed its name to Acutaas Chemicals Limited. Acutaas has become increasingly significant in new fields, such as battery chemicals and semiconductor materials. This indicates that the company is dedicated to innovation. The company’s headquarters is situated in Gujarat.

6. Glaxosmithkline Pharma Limited

Glaxosmithkline Pharma Limited is generally known as GSK India. The company was incorporated in 1924, and initially it was named HJ Foster and Company Limited. In 1950, it changed its name to Glaxo Laboratories India Limited. Currently, it is one of the largest research-based pharma and healthcare companies. The vaccines offered by this company for immunisation like hepatitis A and B, influenza, chickenpox, etc. The company’s headquarters is situated in Mumbai.

7. Syngene International Limited

Syngene International Limited company was founded in 1993 and is promoted by Biocon and Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw. It became a subsidiary company of Biocon in 2002. Initially from CRDMO, it has started providing services in development, biologics, and clinical supplies etc. The company got itself listed in 2015. Its headquarters are situated in Bengaluru.

8. Indegene Limited

Indegene Limited company was founded in 1998 by entrepreneurs. The company commercialisation company that helps emerging biotech and biopharma companies and provides them with clinical products, marketing, technology, and its activation. They got major funding in 2021 from the private equity firm Carlyle Group and Brighton Park Capital. The company launched its IPO in 2024 and became a publicly listed company. Its headquarters are situated in Bengaluru.

9. Windlas Biotech Limited

Windlas Biotech Limited company was incorporated in 2001 by Ashok Kumar Windlass and started its first production plant in Dehradun. Later, it established various plants across the country, manufacturing tablets, capsules, etc. Along with the domestic clients, they also serve international clients. The company launched its IPO in 2021. The company’s headquarters is situated in Dehradun.

10. Vivo Biotech Limited

Vivo Biotech Limited was incorporated in 1987, and initially, it was named Sunshine Factors and Exports Limited. Later in 2002, the finally changed its name to Vivo Bio Tech Limited. Initially, the company focused on animal breeding and lab services. In 2010, the organisation achieved AAALAC International Accreditation. The company’s headquarters is situated in Hyderabad.

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

The key performance metrics of top biotech stocks are as follows:

Company	Debt to Equity	ROE (%)	ROCE (%)	Operating Profit Margin (%)	Net Profit Margin (%)
Biocon Limited	0.85	4.76	6.25	20.70	9.12
Anthem Biosciences Limited	0.05	20.80	28.50	36.40	24.46
Onesource Speciality Pharma Limited	0.13	3.34	5.52	33.10	7.26
Sai Lifesciences Limited	0.17	11.00	14.00	26.20	10.10
Acutaas Chemicals Limited	0	16.00	19.90	24.40	15.90
Glaxosmithkline Pharma Limited	0	46.90	63.20	32.00	23.30
Syngene International Limited	0.12	10.49	13.5	28.90	13.00
Indegene Limited	0.04	20.60	24.80	19.20	14.70
Windlas Biotech Limited	0.05	12.81	17.00	12.60	7.98
Vivo Biotech Limited	0.69	5.68	9.04	44.1	8.06

(As of 30th September, 2025)

Benefits of Investing in Biotech Stocks

The key benefits of investing in Biotech Stocks are as follows:

Innovative Industry: The biotech industry is based on constant new ideas in fields like genetics, cell therapy, biologics, and vaccines. This keeps the industry evolving while making it attractive for long-term investors.
Defensive Sector: The biotech and healthcare industries are considered defensive in nature, as medicines and healthcare services are essential even during economic downturns.
Government Support: Many governments provide incentives, subsidies, and favourable regulations to support biotech R&D, which increases growth prospects.

Factors to Consider Before Investing in Biotech Stocks

There are various factors which one should consider before investing in Biotech Stocks, a few of which are as follows:

Financial Performance: Before investing in Biotech stocks, one is required to consider the financial performance of the company and must invest in companies having higher profit margins.
Regulatory Approvals: Approval from regulatory bodies, including the US FDA, EMA, or CDSCO in India, is crucial for biotech companies. Any rejection from these regulatory bodies can significantly impact stock prices.
Management: The performance of biotech companies depends on the expertise of leadership. Hence, one should invest in companies with stable and experienced management.

Read Also: Best Pharma Penny Stocks

Future of Biotech Stocks

The future looks promising for biotech stocks, thanks to rapid progress in genetics, biotechnology, and personalized healthcare. With rising global demand for better medical services, aging populations, and an increasing number of chronic illnesses, biotech companies are expected to play a key role in creating breakthrough therapies, vaccines, and diagnostics.

The industry in India is already valued at around ₹1,150 crore and is projected to grow nearly four times to about ₹4,000 crore by 2030. For investors, this growth story highlights biotech as one of the most exciting sectors to watch in the coming years.

Conclusion

On a concluding note, India’s biotechnology industry is shaping up as a hub of innovation, driven by strong R&D, growing healthcare needs, and supportive government policies. Leading biotech firms are not only creating new medicines and vaccines but also helping India emerge as a global center for affordable and advanced treatments.

That said, investing in biotech stocks isn’t without risks—clinical trials can fail, and regulatory approvals often take time. If you’re considering investing in this sector, it’s best to weigh the opportunities against the risks and consult a financial advisor before making a decision.

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12	Best Waste Management Stocks in India
13	Top Nuclear Energy Stocks in India
14	Best Bike Stocks in India
15	Best Diamond Stocks in India
16	Best ESG Stocks in India
17	Best Aquaculture Stocks in India
18	List of Quick Commerce Stocks
19	Best Cloud Computing Stocks in India
20	Best Data Center Stocks in India

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Name some top biotech stocks to invest in India?
The top biotech stocks to invest in India are Biocon Limited, Anthem Biosciences Limited, OneSource Speciality Pharma Limited, Sai Lifesciences Limited Company, Acutaas Chemicals Limited, etc.
Is it safe to invest in biotech companies?
Yes, it is safe to invest in biotech companies, as this industry is considered defensive in nature, as the demand for healthcare-related products remains stable even during the economic downturn.
Is there any risk related to investing in biotech companies?
Yes, there are certain risks related to investing in biotech companies, such as regulatory approval by the authorities, trials by the companies, and technologies used by them.
Are biotech companies export-oriented?
Yes, most of the Indian biotech companies export the APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients) to various international companies.
Do the biotech companies declare dividends?
Yes, most of the biotech companies declare regular dividends; however, various companies reinvest the profit into their business research department. Therefore, before investing with an objective to get passive income from dividends from biotech companies, one should check the dividend yield of such companies.

October 11, 2025

Best Dividend Tracker Apps in India

Investors in India are no longer limited to just buying and selling stocks, but are also considering regular dividend income as an important strategy. In such a situation, it becomes important to have a reliable dividend tracker app India, which can easily manage your payouts, yield and records. Often investors track dividends manually and many times information is missed. In this blog, we will know about the best dividend investing app and best dividend yield app in India, which will help you understand and manage your passive income.

What is a Dividend Tracker App & Why You Need One

Dividend tracker app is a tool that automatically tracks dividend income from your stocks. Earlier, investors used to keep manual records by looking at excel sheets or broker statements, but now these apps show all the information in one place. It is not just an app to check the share price, but it also gives you a history of every dividend payment, ex-date, yield and an estimate of the expected dividend in future.

Difference from stock tracking app

General apps only show price, volume and market cap.
Dividend tracker app specifically provides information like dividend calendar, notifications and net payment calculation (amount after tax).

Benefits for investors

Auto tracking: As soon as a company declares a dividend or it is credited to your account, the app records it.
Reminders and alerts: Notifications of ex-dividend date and payment date are received on time.
Portfolio View: Shows your total dividend income and yield on a monthly, quarterly or yearly basis.
Passive Income Planning: By tracking income continuously, you can create a better financial strategy.

Best Dividend Tracker Apps in India

App Name	Dividend Updates & History	Features
Pocketful	Dividend calendar & payout records	Own broker platform, WhatsApp alerts for corporate actions (Dividends, Bonus, Split)
ET Money	Dividend history (MF + Stocks)	Dividend calendar, market news & updates
Moneycontrol	Dividend news & stock-wise history	Dividend calendar, market news & updates
Investing.com	Global + Indian dividend data & charts	Economic calendar, global market coverage
Tickertape	Dividend yield & past payout data	Advance screener, portfolio sync option
Trendlyne	Dividend history of 5–10 years	Forecast tools, analyst reports
BSE India	Official dividend announcements & records	Exchange verified corporate action data
NSE India	Dividend & corporate action records	Reliable official source for Indian market

1. Pocketful

Pocketful is a broker app that gives you a complete ecosystem of dividend tracking as well as trading. You can view information like dividend calendar, recent and past payouts, and record date directly in the app.

Pros:

It is a broker platform in itself. You don’t need separate apps for trading, demat, and dividend tracking.
Get corporate action alerts (like dividend, bonus, split, etc.) on WhatsApp, so you stay updated on time.
Linked to BSE, NSE, MCX, and SEBI so the data is quite reliable.

Cons :

Pocketful’s dividend analytics may not be as in-depth as the standalone tracking apps. But the advantage is that you don’t need to open a separate dividend app and all the information is in one place, saving both time and effort.

2. ET Money

ET Money is a comprehensive wealth-management app that tracks dividend history along with features like mutual funds, SIPs, loans, insurance, NPS.

Pros:

Can view dividend history of both mutual funds and stocks, with a particularly simple UI.
Adds more features like direct mutual funds, SmartDeposit, various tax-saving tools.
Can boost your returns with zero-commission direct funds.

Cons:

Dividend-specific graphs or yield forecasting are not as in-depth.
Alerts are in the form of educational newsletters or delayed updates, which can lead to a slight delay in taking timely action.

3. Moneycontrol

Moneycontrol is one of the most popular market apps in India—it shows dividend calendar, stock-specific dividend history and latest news.

Pros:

Dividend-news and payout calendar are updated regularly.
The interface is simple and self-explanatory—especially useful for new investors.
Having access to market news and dividend data from a single platform is a big advantage.

Cons:

No broker-integration or portfolio sync meaning you may find it easier to track data manually.

4. Investing.com

Investing.com is a trusted platform for investors not only in India but also around the world. If you also have international stocks in your portfolio, then this app is especially useful. It offers a dividend calendar, payout history and charts, which help you easily understand payout trends. Apart from this, corporate actions are also included in the economic calendar.

Pros:

Indian and global dividend data is available in one place.
Dividend history and charts are clean and easy to understand.
Diversified investors benefit from global coverage.

Cons:

There is no direct sync with Indian brokers.
Features like personalized portfolio view or tax reports are not available.

5. Tickertape

Tickertape is very popular among dividend-focused investors because it not only provides data but also in-depth analysis. Here you can see dividend yield and payout history, as well as easily identify high-yield stocks by applying dividend filter in the screener. If you want to create a dividend strategy in a systematic way, then Tickertape can prove to be very helpful.

Pros:

Shows dividend yield and payout history in detail.
Easy to find dividend-paying stocks with advanced screeners.
Portfolio sync (linked accounts) facility.

Cons:

There are no dedicated dividend alerts or reminders.
Lack of facilities like tax report or dividend-specific forecasting.

6. Trendlyne

Trendlyne is mainly known for research and analyst insights. In terms of dividend tracking, its biggest feature is its dividend history of 5 to 10 years. Apart from this, here you also get analyst ratings and forecasting tools, through which you can understand how sustainable the dividend of a company can be in the future.

Pros:

Dividend history is long and detailed (up to 5–10 years).
Deep understanding from forecasting tools and analyst coverage.
Corporate action alerts are received on time.

Cons:

There is no broker integration, data has to be viewed manually.

If you are a new investor, the interface may seem a bit complex.

7. BSE India

BSE India App is one of the most reliable sources for dividend data as the information comes directly from the exchange. Here you get dividend announcement, record date and payout history of every BSE-listed company. This is special for those investors who prefer accuracy.

Pros:

Verified data from the official exchange.
Company-wise dividend records and history are clearly available.
Corporate action updates with complete transparency.

Cons:

Lack of portfolio tracking or personalized view.
Only data of BSE-listed companies is available.

8. NSE India

NSE India App is the official platform of the National Stock Exchange and provides the most authentic information about dividend announcements or corporate actions. If you invest in NSE-listed stocks, then the information here is the most reliable and updated.

Pros:

Exchange-verified and reliable dividend data.
Dividend announcements, record dates and corporate actions available instantly.
No questions on accuracy as it is an official source.

Cons:

No features like portfolio or dividend history analysis.
Data limited to NSE-listed companies only.

Key Features to Look for in a Dividend Tracker App India

Real-time updates : A good dividend tracker app is useful only if it gives information immediately. As soon as a company declares a dividend or it is credited to your account, the app should show you a notification. This not only helps you keep track of payouts but also ensures that you do not miss the ex-dividend date.
Dividend history and yield record : It is important for an investor to know how a stock’s payout record has been. A reliable app will clearly show you all the previous dividend entries, payout ratio and yield history. Many apps also present it in the form of graphs and calendars, so that it is easy to understand the trend.
Insights and Graphical View : A dividend tracker should not just be limited to showing payouts. It should also show you a graph of dividend income on a monthly or yearly basis, give a sector-wise breakdown and provide useful insights like yield-on-cost.
Tax Reporting and Export Options : It is important to keep an accurate record of dividend income while filing ITR in India. This feature saves investors time and makes tax compliance easier.
Multi-asset support : Not just stocks, today many investors also hold ETFs, REITs and dividend-paying mutual funds. Therefore, a modern dividend tracker app should allow tracking payouts of all assets.
Accurate Corporate Action Tracking : In India, there is often a difference between the dates of dividend announcements and actual payments. In such a situation, it is important for the corporate action tracking of the app to be accurate, so that your records are completely accurate and reliable.

Read Also: Best Mobile Trading Apps in India

Tips for Dividend Investors in India

Don’t just run after high yield : Many times companies give a big dividend one year, but later reduce the payout. In such a situation, it is not right to invest just by looking at the high dividend yield. Always look at the payout consistency and the company’s earnings stability.
Make a Dividend Calendar : The biggest advantage of dividend tracker apps is that you can see your payouts month or quarter wise. With this, you can make a passive income calendar and plan your expenses or reinvestment better.
Keep diversification in sectors : If all your money is invested in a single sector (like IT or Oil & Gas), then your income will be affected as soon as the dividend policy changes. Diversification in different sectors reduces this risk.
Pay attention to Ex-Dividend Dates : You do not get a dividend on shares bought after the ex-dividend date. Therefore, while planning to buy, definitely check the ex-dividend dates shown in the apps.
Reinvest Dividends : If you want to build long-term wealth, reinvest dividends systematically instead of spending them. Many apps provide you with information or insights on dividend reinvestment, which makes your compounding faster.

Conclusion

Tracking dividends is not a difficult task, you just need the right tool. A good dividend tracker app India puts your payouts, record dates and history all in one place. This way there is no missing date or any calculation error. New investors can start with simple apps, while apps with more advanced features will help seasoned and serious investors more. Ultimately, the best app is the one that fits comfortably with your portfolio and investing habits.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Which is the best dividend tracker app in India?
Pocketful and Tickertape are good options in India, depending on your need.
Are dividend tracker apps free?
Yes, most apps offer free versions, but some have premium features as well.
Can I track mutual fund dividends also?
Yes, apps like ET Money and INDmoney track MF dividends as well.
Do these apps help in tax filing?
Some apps like MProfit and INDmoney also generate tax-ready reports.
Is Moneycontrol good for dividend tracking?
Yes, Moneycontrol is quite reliable for dividend calendar and news updates.

October 11, 2025

Best Plastic Stocks in India

Bottles, boxes, packing material, storage units, to even household materials, there are hundreds of things that are made of plastic and we use every day. In fact, it is one of the most commonly used materials that is durable, cost-friendly, and non-breakable in nature. And this is what makes it a good investment as well.

But when you talk about the investment, have you even considered the plastic stocks in India? Yes, this is true. Investing in the top plastic stocks in India can offer you sustainability and higher returns as well. The only question here is which are the top plastic companies in India to invest in?

Well, if you are looking for the same, then read this guide. Explore the list of the top 10 plastic companies in India that are known for their quality and profitability. So, let us just find our way here.

What Are Plastic Stocks?

Plastic stocks refer to the shares of companies which are involved in the manufacturing of raw materials which are used in making plastic products or the final product itself. These companies can make a range of products that can be packaging material, vessels, boxes, covers, and so on.

Since plastic is used widely across households and industries, investing in plastic stocks in India can offer you higher profits and greater exposure.

The key features of the plastic companies include:

Wide usage across industries like packaging, FMCG, construction, and healthcare.
Strong and steady demand driven by daily consumption and e-commerce growth.
Cost-effective material compared to alternatives like glass or metal.
Export opportunities add to the revenue potential of leading players.
Input costs are linked to crude oil prices, making them cyclic in nature.
Growth supported by urbanisation and rising middle-class consumption.

This makes it clear that investing in the best plastic company in India can offer you not just good returns but also stability to your portfolio. Now, to help you out with your investment decisions, let us explore the list of the top plastic stocks in India that you must look out for.

Top Plastic Company in India

While there are various plastic stocks in India, there are a few that truly stand out. This is mainly due to their performance and the company’s values. Also, these stocks have performed quite well over time, which is one of the reasons why people prefer to invest in these stocks.

So, here is the list of the top 10 plastic companies in India:

Name	Market Price	Market Cap (₹ Cr)	1Y Return (%)	52 Week High / low
Supreme Industries Ltd	4,246	53,600	-20.71	5,580 / 3020
Time Technoplast Ltd	213	9,521	7.23	257 / 153
Ddev Plastiks Industries Ltd	3,496	3,504	27.45	360 / 213
Xpro India Ltd	1,124	2,654	-0.30	1,677 / 946
Mold-Tek Packaging Ltd	730	2,424	-3.47	893 / 410
Nilkamal Ltd	1,552	2,315	-19.20	2,069 / 1,494
All Time Plastics Ltd	266	1,719	–	335 / 257
Cool Caps Industries Ltd	90.8	2,099	30.99	99.5 / 59.8
Aeroflex Enterprises Ltd	174	2,253	–	272 / 145
Shree Rama Multi-Tech Ltd	60.7	813	128.16	67.5 / 25

Date as on 30-09-2025

Read Also: Best Recycling Stocks

Now that you know the list of the best plastic companies in India, let us explore their details here.

1. Supreme Industries Ltd

Supreme Industries is one of the largest players in India’s plastic products market. It is one with a strong brand presence and diversified portfolio. It offers products across packaging, furniture, and consumer goods, it remains a market leader. Despite recent negative returns, its solid ROE and low debt make it a stable long-term bet.

2. Time Technoplast Ltd

Time Technoplast is known for its innovative solutions. It is involved in plastic packaging, industrial products, and specialty items. With a healthy ROE and moderate PE ratio, the company has delivered steady returns. Its balance of domestic and international business makes it a reliable pick in the plastic stocks in India segment.

3. Ddev Plastiks Industries Ltd

Ddev Plastiks focuses on specialty plastics, engineering compounds, and advanced polymer solutions. With impressive return ratios and strong ROCE, the company shows operational efficiency. Its growth in the last year highlights potential, though investors must track its dependency on raw material prices linked to crude oil.

4. Xpro India Ltd

Xpro India operates across specialty films and plastic products, catering to both domestic and global markets. While the stock trades at a high PE, its presence in niche applications ensures consistent demand. Conservative investors may find it expensive, but it carries growth potential in select sectors.

5. Mold-Tek Packaging Ltd

Mold-Tek Packaging specialises in rigid plastic packaging. It is serving FMCG and paint industries. The company has strong client relationships with reputed brands. It provides consistent revenue visibility. Despite short-term negative returns, its long-term outlook remains promising due to high demand in food-grade and industrial packaging.

6. Nilkamal Ltd

Nilkamal is a household name in India for furniture and storage solutions. The company’s strength lies in its retail and B2B business. Though recent returns are negative, it offers stability, decent dividend yield, and a trusted brand legacy, making it a conservative pick among plastic companies in India.

7. All Time Plastics Ltd

All Time Plastics has a strong presence in kitchenware and household utility products. Despite recent underperformance, its focus on design innovation and export market opportunities provide growth visibility. With moderate debt levels and steady ROCE, it appeals to investors seeking exposure to consumer-focused plastic businesses.

8. Cool Caps Industries Ltd

Cool Caps Industries has delivered one of the strongest returns among top plastic companies in India. It is one with impressive growth, high PE ratio, and strong profitability metrics. This reflects investor confidence. But it is one with high volatility and debt levels. This makes it suitable for risk-tolerant investors looking for momentum-driven gains.

9. Aeroflex Enterprises Ltd

Aeroflex Enterprises manufactures flexible packaging materials. It is an expert in plastic-based industrial products. The company has seen sharp negative returns recently. This is mainly due to sectoral challenges. Still, with low debt and decent return ratios, it remains a turnaround candidate, especially if demand in packaging and industrial usage strengthens in the coming years.

10. Shree Rama Multi-Tech Ltd

Shree Rama Multi-Tech has surprised with exceptional 1-year returns, driven by growth in packaging solutions. With strong ROE and low debt, it has shown resilience despite being a mid-sized player. Investors should track sustainability of earnings. Also, it stands out as a high-growth opportunity in plastic stocks.

Read Also: Best Waste Management Stocks

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Name	Net Profit Margin(%)	ROE (%)	ROCE (%)	Debt to Equity
Supreme Industries Ltd	8.04	16.97	19.31	0.00
Time Technoplast Ltd	7.22	13.41	18.70	0.22
Ddev Plastiks Industries Ltd	7.12	22.22	31.32	0.05
Xpro India Ltd	7.09	6.22	6.74	0.39
Mold-Tek Packaging Ltd	7.75	9.49	12.72	0.28
Nilkamal Ltd	2.99	7.15	9.00	0.25
All Time Plastics Ltd	8.47	19.01	20.97	0.88
Cool Caps Industries Ltd	10.83	20.49	23.43	1.46
Aeroflex Enterprises Ltd	13.95	7.58	13.54	0.04
Shree Rama Multi-Tech Ltd	24.70	33.52	13.20	0.20

Date as on 30-09-2025

Benefits and Risks of Investing in Plastic Stocks

Investing in plastic stocks in India is a great opportunity. It can offer your portfolio a positive exposure. But there are pros and cons that you must know.

Benefits

Strong demand across packaging, FMCG, construction, and automotive.
Diversified revenue streams reduce dependency on one sector.
Global exports boost growth potential.
Established brands provide stability and trust.
Innovation in eco-friendly plastics supports long-term prospects.

Risks

Raw material prices linked to crude oil create margin pressure.
Regulations on single-use plastics impact certain businesses.
Some stocks trade at high valuations, adding risk.
Mid and small caps show higher volatility.
Environmental concerns limit appeal for ESG-focused investors.

Factors to Consider Before Investing in Plastic Stocks

When you plan to invest in plastic stocks in India, there are certain things to consider. This will ensure that you are investing at the right place. This includes:

Start by exploring the industry demand for the products.
Ensure that you evaluate the company well.
Consider the internal and external factors before finalising on investment.
Check for history and performance metrics.
Keep an eye on the government policies well.

Read Also: Best Chemical Stocks

Conclusion

Plastic is deeply integrated into everyday consumption. This is one of the reasons that makes plastic companies quite an important part of the economy as a whole. But when you plan to invest in plastic stocks in India, you must consider various aspects. This can help you invest right and earn good returns.

And if you are looking for expert support and guidance, connect with Pocketful. Start your investment journey right.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Are plastic stocks good for long-term investment?
Yes, plastic stocks can be good long-term picks. It is mainly because of the steady demand for plastic products and raw materials across industries. But investors should consider risks and valuations.
How do crude oil prices impact plastic stocks?
Plastic companies depend on petrochemicals. Hence, if there is any change in the prices of the crude oil there are chances that the company profits and performance will get impacted.
Do plastic companies pay dividends?
Many leading plastic companies distribute dividends. But it is important to note that this ratio is based on the company’s profits and strategies.
What factors should I check before investing?
Evaluate demand growth, valuations, debt levels, return ratios, and government policies on plastic usage to make informed investment decisions.

October 10, 2025

Best Private Banks in India

In 2025, the role of private banks in the Indian banking sector has become stronger than ever. People are now liking them due to digital banking, better customer service and attractive products. If you want to know which is the best private bank in India or which banks have got a place in the top 10 private banks in India 2025, then this article is for you. Here we will explain in detail which private bank can prove to be the best according to your needs.

What is a Private Bank?

When we talk about private banks, it means banks that are owned by private companies or investors rather than the government. The specialty of these banks is that they focus on providing quick and modern facilities to the customers. Whether opening a new account, taking a loan or transferring money through a digital app their processes are generally considered to be fast and easy.

These banks are more competitive than government banks and are ahead in adopting new technology. For this reason, the popularity of private banks has increased in recent years and people have started preferring them for their everyday banking needs.

Top 10 Private Banks in India 2026

S.no	Bank Name	Market Cap (₹ Cr, 2025 est)	Current Market Price	Founded	Headquarters
1	HDFC Bank Ltd	₹ 14,53,319	₹ 946	1994	Mumbai
2	ICICI Bank Ltd	₹ 9,85,625	₹ 1,380	1994	Mumbai
3	Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd	₹ 4,05,056	₹ 2,037	2003	Mumbai
4	Axis Bank Ltd	₹ 3,60,438	₹ 1,162	1993	Mumbai
5	Yes Bank Ltd	₹ 66,914	₹ 21.3	2003	Mumbai
6	IndusInd Bank Ltd	₹ 58,290	₹ 748	1994	Mumbai
7	AU Small Finance Bank Ltd	₹ 55,219	₹ 740	1996	Jaipur
8	IDFC First Bank Ltd	₹ 51,613	₹ 70.3	2015	Mumbai
9	Federal Bank Ltd	₹ 47,806	₹ 194	1931	Aluva, Kerala
10	Bandhan Bank Ltd	₹ 25,832	₹ 160	2015	Kolkata

(Data as of 24 Sep 2025)

Read Also: Best Bank Penny Stocks List

A brief overview of the Top 10 Private Banks in India is given below:

1. HDFC Bank Ltd

HDFC Bank is one of the largest private banks in India. It focuses on customer-first services: from easy bank account opening, digital banking apps, online transactions, home loans to wealth management. The bank has strengthened its mortgage portfolio, retail network and digital touch-points after the merger of HDFC Limited. The branch and ATM network is very large in terms of customer service, and the bank plans to open new branches frequently to reach out to small towns and rural areas. The current CEO and MD is Sashidhar Jagdishan, who is focusing the bank’s strategy on technology, digital experience and customer satisfaction.

Description	Information
Number of branches	Around 9,499 branches
Services provided	Retail & commercial banking, loans, credit cards, wealth management, home & auto loans, digital banking, NRI Services , Forex.
Number of customers	Over 120 million customers , After Merger
CEO	Sashidhar Jagdishan

Read more Information: HDFC Bank Case Study

2. ICICI Bank Ltd

ICICI Bank is a name that is well known in big cities as well as small towns. The bank does both retail + corporate banking well. They have made great strides in digital services – mobile app upgrades, net banking, UPI transactions, customer-friendly products. Their service network is large in both branches & ATM and they have also built an international presence. The bank focuses on customer experience, as styled by their CEO MD Sandeep Bakhshi – simple, reliable and technology-oriented.

Description	Information
Number of branches	Around 7,066 branches
Services provided	Retail & corporate banking, credit cards, insurance, investment banking, wealth & asset management, NRI services
Number of customers	More than 30 million
CEO	Sandeep Bakhshi

Read more Information: ICICI Bank Case Study

3. Kotak Mahindra Bank

Kotak Mahindra Bank has distinguished itself from larger banks by its strong focus on innovation and customer service. The company was initially founded in 1985 as Kotak Capital Management Finance Limited in 2003, it received a banking licence from the RBI making it the first non- banking financial companyin India. The bank is not limited to savings accounts and personal loans, but also operates in areas such as wealth management, investment banking, insurance, and premium banking. Kotak is significantly ahead in digital services such as mobile banking, faster account opening, and UPI integration for online transactions. Recently, the RBI imposed restrictions on certain digital customer acquisition activities, but Kotak has tried to get back on track after addressing these weaknesses.

Description	Information
Number of branches	Around 1,869 branches
Services provided	Retail & corporate & Commercial banking, credit cards, wealth & investment management, insurance, digital banking , NRI & Forex Services.
Number of customers	More than 54 million
CEO	Ashok Vaswani

Read more Information: Kotak Mahindra Bank

4. Axis Bank

Axis Bank is a bank that has expanded its branches from major cities to smaller towns. Its mission is not just to provide financial services, but to offer customers a comprehensive banking experience through robust digital tools, easy loan options, and features like international trade and forex services. The number of branches is constantly expanding, and new products are being rapidly implemented on digital platforms.

Description	Information
Number of branches	Approximately 4,910 branches and extension counters
Services provided	Retail banking, corporate banking, investment banking, mortgages, credit cards, wealth management, NRI services, SME & Agri Banking.
Number of customers	More than 22.6 million
CEO	Amitabh Chaudhry

Read more Information: Axis Bank Case Study

5. YES Bank

YES Bank was started in 2003 and has established its presence in all three sectors – retail, MSME and corporate banking. The last few years have been challenging for the bank, but now it is slowly on the path of recovery. Recently, the bank has further expanded its branch network and is focusing more on digital banking services. YES Bank is continuously introducing new products in credit cards, SME loans and digital payment solutions. The special identity of the bank is that it tries to provide tailor-made solutions to both mid-size businesses and individual customers. Its current MD & CEO is Prashant Kumar, whose tenure has been extended till October 2025 so that the bank can work further towards stability.

Description	Information
Number of branches	1,234 branches across India
Services provided	Retail & corporate banking, SME & MSME loans, credit cards, digital payments, wealth management, GST payment solutions
Number of customers	More than 2 million
CEO	Prashant Kumar

Read more Information: Yes Bank Case Study

6. IndusInd Bank

IndusInd Bank was founded in 1994 and has since established itself in the banking sector. It primarily serves both retail and corporate customers. Its specialty is its tailored services for affluent and HNI (High Net Worth Individuals) customers, such as investment advisory, wealth management, and priority banking. It also has a strong presence in rural banking and vehicle finance. IndusInd Bank is also continuously investing in digital banking solutions to provide a seamless customer experience.

Description	Information
Number of branches	Approximately 3,110 branches and extension counters
Services provided	Retail & corporate banking, wealth management, vehicle finance, microfinance, NRI banking, digital banking
Number of customers	More than 41 million
CEO	Rajiv Anand

Read more Information: IndusInd Bank Case Study

7. AU Small Finance Bank Ltd

AU Small Finance Bank was founded in Jaipur and received its Small Finance Bank license in 2017. Initially, its focus was on small businesses and rural customers, but gradually, the bank has established its presence across the country. AU Bank’s biggest differentiator is its customer-centric approach whether it’s video banking, WhatsApp banking, or the “AU 0101” mobile app, it has significantly expanded its digital footprint. In 2025, the RBI granted it in-principle approval for universal bank status, allowing it to offer services on a broader scale. Its branches are no longer limited to major cities, but are rapidly expanding into smaller towns and semi-urban areas.

Description	Information
Number of branches	2,500+ banking touchpoints across 21 states
Services provided	Savings & current accounts, personal & business loans, credit cards, microfinance, insurance, investment products, digital banking (AU 0101 app, video & WhatsApp banking)
Number of customers	More than 1.16 crore customers
CEO	Sanjay Agarwal

Read more Information: AU Small Finance Bank Case Study

8. IDFC First Bank Ltd

IDFC First Bank was launched in 2018 after the merger of Capital First and IDFC Bank. Within a short time, the bank has gained a strong reputation for its “customer-first” model. It offers attractive interest rates on savings accounts, digital banking features, and customer-friendly products. The bank’s focus is on serving retail customers, MSMEs, and small businesses. With products such as credit cards (especially co-branded ones), personal loans, and digital UPI payments, IDFC First has rapidly gained the trust of youth and middle-class customers.

Description	Information
Number of branches	1,016+ banking touchpoints across 21 states
Services provided	Savings & current accounts, personal & business loans, credit cards, MSME lending, microfinance, digital banking (UPI, doorstep banking, GST payments)
Number of customers	More than 35 million customers
CEO	V. Vaidyanathan

9. Federal Bank

Federal Bank, founded in 1931 and headquartered in Aluva, Kerala, is one of India’s oldest and most trusted private banks. It is particularly known for its NRI banking services, with a large number of Indians working in Gulf countries choosing Federal Bank. It also has a strong presence in retail and SME banking and continues to innovate with digital banking services. Its mobile app and UPI-based services are very popular with customers.

Description	Information
Number of branches	1,588+ branches across India
Services provided	Retail & corporate banking, NRI services, SME finance, digital banking, investment & insurance products
Number of customers	More than 18.2 million
CEO	Manian KVS

10. Bandhan Bank

Bandhan Bank was launched in 2015, but its roots are rooted in microfinance. The bank’s primary focus is to bring banking to areas often underserved by traditional large banks. Bandhan Bank’s strong network in rural and semi-urban areas has created a distinct identity for itself. It offers more than just savings accounts and loans, but now also offers credit cards, insurance, and investment products. The bank is continuously working towards financial inclusion and recently expanded its reach by opening branches in new states.

Description	Information
Number of branches	6,350 banking outlets across India
Services provided	Savings & current accounts, fixed deposits, personal & home loans, credit cards, insurance, mutual funds, microfinance
Number of customers	More than 3.44 crore
CEO	Partha Pratim Sengupta

Read more Information: Bandhan Bank Case Study

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

The key performance metrics of stocks of 10 private banks in India

Bank Name	Operating Margin (%)	Net Profit Margin (%)	ROE (%)	ROCE (%)	P/E
HDFC Bank Ltd	25.58	21.83	13.56	2.62	9.85
ICICI Bank Ltd	26.47	29.20	16.45	3.13	18.62
Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd	27.91	33.41	14.04	3.93	19.51
Axis Bank Ltd	33.11	22.07	14.98	2.84	12.15
Yes Bank Ltd	16.22	7.91	5.11	1.06	21.37
IndusInd Bank Ltd	9.63	5.29	3.99	2.01	19.65
AU Small Finance Bank Ltd	19.98	13.10	12.26	2.99	18.88
IDFC First Bank Ltd	5.67	4.08	3.90	2.24	26.94
Federal Bank Ltd	29.17	14.94	12.04	1.85	11.35
Bandhan Bank Ltd	18.98	12.50	11.15	3.95	8.58

(Data as of 24 Sep 2025)

How to Choose the Right Private Bank: A Customer vs. Investor Perspective

A. For Customers Seeking Banking Services:

1. Identifying Needs : Consider what you need from a bank just a savings account or a credit card, personal loan, and wealth services as well. Your priorities determine the right bank.

2. Interest Rates and Fees : Every bank charges different interest rates and charges. Whether it’s savings or loan EMIs, pay attention to hidden charges. These small differences can make a big difference in the long run.

3. Branches and Digital Facilities : Check if a branch and ATM are available in your city or town. Also, if the mobile app and net banking are running smoothly.

4. Customer Experience : Check app ratings, online reviews, and customer care responses. A good bank is one that resolves your issues quickly and promptly.

5. Trustworthiness : Pay attention to RBI compliance, track record, and market reputation. A safe bank is the right place for your money in the long run.

B. For investors investing in the banking sector

1. Financial Strength : Look at market cap, capital adequacy ratio, and loan book growth. These indicate how stable a bank is operating.

2. Profitability : Look at Net Interest Margin (NIM), Return on Assets (RoA), and cost-to-income ratio. These metrics indicate long-term profitability.

3. Asset Quality : Analyze NPA levels and provisioning policy. Low NPAs indicate strong risk management.

4. Growth Strategy : Consider which new areas the bank is expanding into (digital banking, SME finance, NRI services). Growth strategy determines future returns.

5. Management and Governance : It is important to trust the credibility and governance culture of the CEO and top management. Good leadership increases investor confidence.

Read Also: Best Banking Stocks in India

Conclusion

Private banking in India is constantly changing, and each bank has its own unique identity. Digital banking and customer service are important to some, while interest rates and product variety are important to others. For investors, this sector is also considered a reliable option in the long run. The right choice always depends on your needs and priorities.

S.NO.	Check Out These Interesting Posts You Might Enjoy!
1	Small Finance Bank Share List in India
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3	Top AMCs in India
4	List of Government Bank Stocks/Share in India
5	Top 10 Best Credit Cards in India

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Which is the best private bank in India in 2025?
Depending on your needs, big names like HDFC and ICICI are trustworthy.
Are private banks safe for deposits?
Yes, all are regulated by the RBI, so they are safe.
Which private bank is best for digital banking?
HDFC, ICICI, and Axis are ahead in digital services.
Can I switch my salary account to another private bank?
Yes, you can do it easily by informing your employer.
Which private bank is good for rural areas?
Bandhan and Federal are strong in rural and semi-urban areas.

October 10, 2025

What is Margin Money?

Have you ever looked at the fundamentals of a company and felt bullish on its stock, had an idea that it was going to do well, but you fell short on funds and wished you had more money to invest in it. Meet Rohan, he has saved up Rs.50,000 in his trading account. After weeks of research, he finds a company to invest in, the stock is trading at Rs.500, and he feels it’s a golden opportunity. With his money, he can only buy 100 shares, but he wishes he had more capital to buy more stocks due to strong company fundamentals and rising growth. This is a common feeling for many of us.

Imagine you come across a facility which gives you the opportunity to purchase more shares and earn more profit on those shares. This is where a special facility offered by stockbrokers comes into the picture, known as margin trading.

What is Margin Money?

It is the money you borrow from your stockbroker over and above the money you have to buy shares. Think of it as a loan, the shares you buy with this borrowed money are kept as security with the broker, much like a bank keeps your house papers as security when you take a home loan.

It is used to buy more shares than you could afford with just your own cash, a practice known as “buying on margin”. This facility, often called the Margin Trading Facility (MTF) in India, allows Rohan to potentially turn his Rs.50,000 investment into a much larger one, thereby borrowing additional funds from his broker so he can have more shares that have high potential of giving large profits.

Read Also: What is Margin Funding?

How it Works

Margin Account: To start with it, first you need to have a special account called a margin account. This is different from a regular “cash account” where you only trade with the money you have deposited. When you open a margin account, you’ll need to agree to certain terms and conditions set by your broker and regulatory bodies.

Margin: It means depositing your own cash or eligible securities into a margin account as collateral for the loan taken from your broker.

Broker’s Loan: Your broker then lends you the remaining amount needed to complete the purchase of the securities. One has to pay interest on this borrowed money, just like any other loan.

Leverage: Leverage means you amplify your potential gains if the investment performs well. It’s crucial to understand that it also amplifies your potential risks if the strategy doesn’t work.

Components of Margin Money

1. Initial Margin

The initial margin is the percentage of the total share value you must pay from your own funds before borrowing from your broker.

If you want to buy shares worth Rs.1,00,000, your broker has prescribed an initial margin requirement of say 40% (varies from broker to broker). This prescribed percentage which is set by the broker becomes the initial margin. The broker while deciding the initial margin has to follow the minimum rules set by the market regulator, SEBI, to prevent people from taking too much risk.

So, with just Rs.40,000 of his own, one can now control shares worth Rs.1,00,000. The initial margin is what decides your borrowing power, or leverage. A lower initial margin means you can borrow more.

2. Maintenance Margin

Once you’ve bought the shares, the value of these shares will go up and down every day. The broker, who has lent Rs.60,000, needs a safety net in case the stock price falls. This safety net is called the Maintenance Margin.

The maintenance margin is the minimum value of your own money (your equity) that you must always have in your margin account. You might notice that the maintenance margin percentage is usually lower than the initial margin percentage (40%). This gap acts like a shock absorber, giving your investment some room to handle small, everyday market movements without causing immediate panic.

Let’s look at Rohan’s account right after buying the shares, current value of stocks is Rs.1,00,000, loan from broker is Rs.60,000, Rohan’s equity of Rs.40,000 and the Maintenance margin required 25% of Rs.1,00,000 = Rs.25,000

3. Margin Call

The stock Rohan was so optimistic about, now starts to fall. The total value of his investment drops from Rs.1,00,000 to Rs.75,000. This drop can trigger a Margin Call. A margin call is a demand from your broker to add more money to your account because your equity has fallen below the safety net level, the maintenance margin. The broker will call, email, or send an SMS to Rohan, asking him to deposit the shortfall.

If he fails to meet the margin call, the broker can sell his shares without permission to recover the loan, this is called forced liquidation.

Advantages of Margin Money

Higher Profits: It offers the potential for much higher returns on your capital, but remember these things can go negatively as well.
Increased Buying Capacity: You can buy more stocks than you can buy with your own funds.
Flexibility and Speed: It allows you to act on market opportunities quickly without needing to have all the funds upfront.
Portfolio Diversification: You can spread your investment across several different stocks to help manage risk.

Disadvantages of Margin Money

High Loss Potential : The potential for higher losses is just as real as for higher profits, and you can lose more than you initially invested.
Interest Costs : The money you borrow is a loan, and you must pay interest on it, which reduces your profits or increases your losses.
Risk of Forced Liquidation : If you get a margin call and can’t add more funds, your broker can sell your stocks to recover their loan.
Limited Availability : Not all securities are allowed on margin. Usually only liquid, high-volume stocks can be bought.

Read Also: What is Stock Margin?

Conclusion

Margin trading is a powerful tool, but it does not guarantee profits. It gives you the power to amplify your gains, but comes with the very real and equal risk of amplifying your losses.

Margin trading is generally considered more suitable for experienced traders who have solid risk management strategies, and can afford to lose the money they are trading with. It is often used for short-term trading and is not recommended for beginners or for long-term investing, mainly because the interest costs add up over time.

The most important investment you can make is in your own knowledge. Before thinking about using margin, it is crucial to educate yourself. Platforms like Pocketful offer free, in-depth lessons on financial markets.

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3	Top Tips for Successful Margin Trading in India
4	What is SPAN & Exposure Margin?
5	Difference between Margin Trading and Leverage Trading
6	Margin Against Shares: How Does it Work?
7	What is Operating Profit Margin?
8	What is Pay Later (MTF) & Steps to Avail Pay Later?
9	Pledging Shares vs Pay Later (MTF): Key Differences
10	What is Pledging of Shares?

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can margin trading be considered for long term trading?
No, margin trading is best suitable for short term trading, where quick price movements are expected.
Can margin money be used to buy any stock in the market?
No, brokers, as per SEBI guidelines, have a pre-approved list of stocks that you can buy using the margin facility. These are usually stocks that have high trading volumes and are less volatile. You generally cannot use margin to buy shares in an IPO, mutual funds, or very risky stocks like penny stocks.
What if interest payments are not paid regularly?
The interest on your margin loan is usually debited automatically from the cash balance in your trading account. If you don’t have enough cash, the interest amount is simply added to your loan balance. This means your debt increases, and you start paying interest on the interest, a process called compounding.
How is margin trading different from intraday trading?
Both use leverage, which means you trade with more money than you have. The key difference is the holding period. In intraday trading, you must close your position on the same day before the market closes. With the Margin Trading Facility (MTF), you can hold your borrowed position overnight and for a longer duration , but you have to pay interest for every day you hold it.
How can margin calls be avoided?
You should consider the following strategies like don’t over-leverage, keep a cash buffer, use stop-loss orders and monitor your account regularly.

October 10, 2025

LG Electronics IPO Allotment Status: Check Latest GMP, Steps to Verify Status

LG Electronics India, a leading consumer electronics and home appliances company (a subsidiary of South Korea’s LG Group), has launched its ₹11,607.01 crore Initial Public Offering (IPO), entirely as an Offer for Sale (OFS) (i.e., no fresh capital is being raised). The IPO opened for subscription on October 07, 2025, with a price band set between ₹1,080 and ₹1,140 per share. The subscription window will close on October 09, 2025, and the shares are scheduled to be listed on both the BSE and NSE on October 14, 2025.

LG Electronics IPO Day 3 Subscription Status

On Day 3, the LG Electronics IPO witnessed an overwhelming response, closing with an overall subscription of 54.02 times. The QIB category led the demand in a big way with a massive 166.51 times subscription, highlighting strong institutional interest. Among non-institutional investors, the bNII portion was subscribed 24.68 times, while the sNII portion stood at 17.98 times. The overall NII category recorded 22.40 times subscription. Retail investors also showed healthy participation at 3.55 times, and the employee quota was subscribed 7.62 times.

Investor Category	Subscription (x)
Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIB)	166.51
Non-Institutional Investors (NII)	22.40
bNII (above ₹10 lakh)	24.68
sNII (less than ₹10 lakh)	17.98
Retail Individual Investors (RII)	3.55
Employees	7.62
Total Subscriptions	54.02

Total Applications: 65,06,683

Total Bid Amount (₹ Crores): 4,39,311.40

How to Check WeWork IPO Allotment Status

LG Electronics IPO allotment can be easily checked online in two ways: from the Registrar’s website and from the BSE or NSE website. This IPO will be listed on both the exchanges – BSE and NSE, so the allotment status will be available to all investors on both platforms.

Method 1: Registrar’s website (Kfin Technologies Ltd)

The most reliable way is to check allotment from MUFG Intime India Private Limited’s website.

How to do:

Visit Kfin Technologies Ltd’s official website
Select “LG Electronics” from the IPO list
Enter your details PAN number, Application number, or DP/Client ID
Click on Submit
You will see the allotment status on the screen.

Method 2: Check from BSE or NSE’s website

If there is more traffic on the registrar’s website, allotment status can also be checked from BSE or NSE.

How to do:

Visit BSE or NSE’s official website
Select ‘Equity’ segment
Select “LG Electronics” from the IPO list
Enter PAN number and Application number
Click on Search

Objective of the LG Electronics IPO

LG Electronics will not receive any proceeds from the Offer. All funds raised through the Offer will go entirely to the Selling Shareholder, after deduction of Offer-related expenses and applicable taxes, which will be borne solely by the Selling Shareholder.

LG Electronics IPO GMP – Day 3 Update

The grey market premium (GMP) of LG Electronics IPO is ₹350, as on 5:00 PM October 09, 2025. The upper limit of the price band is ₹1,140, and the estimated listing price as per today’s GMP can be ₹1,490, giving a potential gain of around 30.70% per share.

Date	GMP	Est. Listing Price	Gain
09-10-2025 (Day 3)	₹350	₹1,490	30.70%

Disclaimer: The above GMP (Grey Market Premium) is just unofficial market information, which is not officially confirmed. These figures are shared for informational purposes only and investment decisions based on these should be based on the investor’s own research and discretion. We do not conduct, recommend or support any kind of transaction in the grey market.

LG Electronics IPO – Key Details

Particulars	Details
IPO Opening Date	October 7, 2025
IPO Closing Date	October 9, 2025
Issue Price Band	₹1,080 to ₹1,140 per share
Total Issue Size	10,18,00,000 shares(aggregating up to ₹11,607 Cr)
Listing Platform	BSE, NSE
Registrar	Kfin Technologies Limited
LG Electronics IPO RHP	Click here

Important Dates for LG Electronics IPO Allotment

Event	Date
Tentative Allotment	October 10, 2025
Refunds Initiation	October 13, 2025
Credit of Shares to Demat	October 13, 2025
Listing Date	October 14, 2025

LG Electronics Overview

LG Electronics Inc., headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, is a global innovator in consumer electronics, home appliances, and air solutions, operating across more than 100 countries. The company’s diverse portfolio includes televisions, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, audio systems, and smart-home products, driven by a strong focus on technology and design. In India, LG Electronics India Limited was established in 1997 and has become one of the most trusted consumer brands. It operates major manufacturing facilities in Greater Noida and Pune, and is setting up a new USD 600 million plant in Sri City, Andhra Pradesh, to strengthen local production. LG continues to invest in AI-enabled, IoT-integrated, and energy-efficient innovations, aligning with sustainability goals. With advanced R&D capabilities and localized product strategies, LG combines global excellence with Indian consumer insights, positioning itself as a leader in quality, innovation, and reliability across households nationwide.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the opening and closing date of LG Electronics IPO?
LG Electronics IPO is open on 07 October 2025 and will close on 09 October 2025.
What is the price band of the LG Electronics IPO?
Its price band is fixed from ₹1,080 to ₹1,140 per share.
What is the GMP (Grey Market Premium) of LG Electronics IPO today?
The GMP on 9 October 2025 is ₹350, which leads to a possible listing price of ₹1,490.
What is the total issue size of LG Electronics IPO?
The total issue size of the LG Electronics IPO is ₹11,607.01 crore, entirely as an “Offer for Sale”.
What is the expected listing date of LG Electronics?
This IPO is expected to be listed on BSE and NSE on 14 October 2025.

October 9, 2025

JioHotstar Company Case Study: Merger, Business Model & SWOT Analysis

JioHotstar is a company that was made after the two giant players joined hands, the merger took place between Reliance’s Viacom 18 and Disney’s Star India. Together these two companies created a new entertainment company named JioStar. Imagine the two biggest players in Indian entertainment joining hands. That’s what this JioHotstar Company case study is all about. It looks at the huge merger between Reliance’s Viacom18 and Disney’s Star India. Together, they have created a new entertainment giant joint-venture called JioStar.

It was a massive deal of about Rs.70,352 Cr which created this new entertainment company. The new company, JioStar, now controls over 100 TV channels and two of India’s biggest streaming apps, JioCinema and Hotstar. These two apps have now become one, called JioHotstar, reaching over 750 million people.

Reliance is being led by Mukesh Ambani on one side and after the introduction of Jio in the telecom world he wanted to move toward the segment of movies, online series and shows. On the other side was Disney which is one of the global entertainment giants that owned channels like StarPlus and the Hotstar app, but Disney was spending a lot of money on running the company as well as the high cost of cricket broadcasting rights. For Disney, this merger was a smart way to cut its losses while still owning a big part of a much stronger company.

Star India was facing financial troubles in 2024 and also reported a Rs.12,548 Cr. loss and on the other hand Reliance was pouring money into its media business and even added another Rs.11,500 crore in cash to the new company. This shows that Reliance with its cash flow took over Disney’s struggling Indian business to create a market leader that it now controls.

JioHotstar Company Business Model

JioStar’s is not just having a popular entertainment app, it has a complete ecosystem that is hard for others to compete with. The company now owns the studios of both Star and Viacom18, so it can create its own movies and TV shows. It has a massive collection of content, from popular TV serials and Bollywood movies to, most importantly, exclusive rights to highly watched sports in India. This turns out to be its biggest advantage where they have hit TV channels like StarPlus and Colors. They have the JioHotstar app for online streaming. And, most importantly, they have Reliance’s Jio mobile network, which has over 450 million users, and JioFiber for home internet. This gives them a direct line into millions of Indian homes, something no competitor has.

Read Also: Nestle India Case Study

How They Make Money of JioHotstar

JioStar has two main ways of earning money:

1. Subscribers

The company uses a “Freemium” model meaning most of the content available is free to watch, making people interested and gets them to download the app, a similar strategy that was used by Jio to get millions of new mobile and network customers. The strategy is to get you hooked first and then introduce the paid plans, you get your hands on the premium version starting form Rs.149 for three months and enjoy an ad free entertainment.

2. Advertisement

With exclusive rights to huge events like the IPL and ICC cricket tournaments, JioStar controls the most valuable ad spots in the country. Brands that want to reach millions of viewers during these events have to advertise on JioHotstar. This gives the company the power to charge high prices for ads.

The business revolves around the valuable data that it gets from its millions of users and what they are interested in watching, simultaneously the company uses this data to know what kind of shows to make next. This data can also be combined with information from Jio’s mobile and retail businesses to create detailed customer profiles. This helps them show you targeted ads and sell other Reliance products, giving them a long-term advantage.

The Marketing Strategy of JioHotstar Company

A Perfect Match

The launch campaign was perfectly timed around Valentine’s Day and the merger was presented as a “perfect match” between JioCinema and Disney+ Hotstar.

They used fun, back-and-forth messages on city billboards and social media. A JioCinema billboard might say, “Looking for someone who digs cricket, reality shows and live concerts, Know Anyone?” A nearby Disney+ Hotstar billboard would then reply, “Cricket is my love language, who wants to match this Valentine’s Day?”. This created a lot of buzz and made people curious.

They also teamed up with the matchmaking website Shaadi.com. to put up its own billboards next to the JioHotstar ads, saying, “Badhai ho JioHotstar! Aisi jodi toh hum sab deserve karte hain” (Congratulations JioHotstar! We all deserve a match like this). This made the “perfect match” idea even stronger and more memorable.

“Infinite Possibilities”

The new brand focus revolves around endless choice and big ambitions. The new logo, a starburst, and the tagline, “Infinite Possibilities,” tell you that this platform is more than just a place to watch shows. The colours of the logo mix Jio’s blue with Hotstar’s warmer entertainment colours, showing a blend of technology and creativity.

Read Also: Intel Case Study

Financials Analysis of JioHotstar Company

To understand how big this deal is, we need to look at the money involved. The Financials analysis of JioHotstar Company shows the huge value of the new company and the financial health of the two partners before they joined.

The Financial Story Before the Merger

The two companies were in very different places financially before they came together.

Star India’s Big Loss: In the year 2024 Star India reported a massive loss of Rs.12,548 crore. The main reason was the very expensive $3 billion deal for the ICC cricket streaming rights. The high cost of these rights, combined with challenges in monetizing them sufficiently through subscriptions and advertising, contributed heavily to the reported losses.
Viacom18’s Growth Gamble: On the other hand, Viacom18’s income grew by an impressive 75% to Rs.8,032 crore. But it also made a loss of Rs.252 crore because it was spending a lot on sports and its app to gain more users. Their plan focused on growing the company and not focusing on profits.

The merger aims was to develop a profitable company by combining their strengths and cost cutting.

SWOT Analysis of JioHotstar Company

A swot analysis of the JioHotstar Company helps us understand the new company’s strengths and weaknesses, as well as the opportunities and threats it faces in the market.

Strengths

Diversified Content: Disney HotStar gives users a mix of Live sports (cricket), Best Indian TV shows and also world class entertainment from Disney, HBO etc.
Massive Reach: The Jio network users and customers of reliance are almost 450 million, which enhances the reach and helps in reaching the new customers existing in the company’s user base.
Strong Financial Backing: Reliance is a financially strong company that pools in money to invest in content, technology, and marketing.
Market Leader: The merger has created the biggest media company in India, giving it a lot of scope to expand.

Weaknesses

High Costs: The rights for premium content, especially cricket, are very expensive which was earlier a financial challenge for Star India and is now a challenge for this new company.
Merging Challenges: Combining the technology, teams, and cultures of two huge companies is difficult to cooperate as some problems can arise in the short run.
Cricket Dependency: While cricket is one of the biggest strengths, depending only upon it could be risky. If the company loses the streaming rights, it could lose many subscribers.

Opportunities

Bundling Offers: Selling the premium subscription with Jio mobile and internet plans is one of the leading opportunities for the company, keeping customers reliant on the Reliance ecosystem.
Regional Content: There is a growing demand for regional reality shows, sports and movies in regional Indian languages, this can be a great opportunity as Jio can directly target the new emerging regions.
Global Opportunity: The platform can target the Indian diaspora living in foreign countries like USA, UK, Canada etc. and cater them with their favourite Indian shows.

Threats

Government Scrutiny: The Competition Commission of India (CCI) is worried about the monopoly of the company on cricket rights which could turn out to be a legal trouble for them.
Competitive Market: Global giants like Netflix and Amazon Prime Video are also spending a lot of money to gain new users in India.
Subscription Fatigue: Users are streaming on various platforms and paying multiple subscriptions, which could be a challenge as keeping the subscribers stick to the same company.
Piracy: The illegal online streaming of movies and sports, availability of paid content for free can reduce the company’s income.
Revenue Risk: Volatility in advertising revenues due to economic cycles and shifts in marketing spends.

Read Also: Lenskart Case Study

Conclusion

The merger of Reliance’s Viacom18 and Disney’s Star India has created a new giant in the entertainment market. This media giant has unmatched power and scaling capacity. The new company, JioStar, is built on a foundation to provide the best content with the biggest distribution network that comes with the financial strength of Reliance. The success of this mega-merger will not just decide the future of one company, it will change the entertainment world for a billion Indians.

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7	Urban Company Case Study
8	Rapido Case Study
9	CRED Case Study:
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11	Haldiram’s Case Study

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is JioStar, and how is it different from JioHotstar?
JioStar is the name of the new parent company formed by the merger and JioHotstar is the name of the streaming app that JioStar owns, which combines JioCinema and Disney + Hotstar all in one.
What happens to my old JioCinema or Disney+ Hotstar subscription?
Your existing subscription will be moved to the new JioHotstar platform smoothly and will get updated in the new JioHotstar app.
Can we watch IPL without subscription for free?
JioCinema streamed the IPL for free to get more users, but the new JioHotstar platform is focused on getting paid subscribers, so you must shift to the paid plan for such exclusive content.
Who owns the new JioStar company?
Reliance Industries is in control, Viacom18 (which is mostly owned by Reliance) has the biggest share at 46.82%, Disney has 36.84%, and Reliance Industries has a direct share of 16.34%.
How big is this new company?
It is now the largest media and entertainment company in India. It is valued at $8.5 billion (over Rs.70,000 crore), has over 100 TV channels, reaches more than 750 million people, and is expected to earn around Rs.26,000 crore every year.

October 9, 2025

Blog

What is Backtesting

Why Backtesting is Important

Main Steps of Backtesting

Points to track during Backtesting

1. Win Rate

2. Risk-Reward Ratio

3. Profit Factor

4. Maximum Drawdown

5. Sharpe or Sortino Ratio

6. Out-of-Sample Testing

Suggestions for Effective Backtesting

Example

Step 1 – Gather the Data

Step 2 – Apply the Rules

Step 3 – Testing

Step 4 – Review the Results

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the tools where you can backtest your strategies?

How much historical data do I need?

Can backtesting be done for all markets?

How often should I backtest?

Can backtesting guarantee profits?

What is VWAP?

VWAP Formula

What is TWAP?

TWAP Formula

VWAP vs TWAP: Core Differences

When Should Traders Use VWAP?

When Should Traders Use TWAP?

VWAP vs TWAP in Different Markets

Common Mistakes Traders Make with VWAP and TWAP

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the main difference between VWAP and TWAP?

Which is better for large orders?

Can retail traders use VWAP and TWAP?

Is VWAP commonly used in Indian markets?

When should I prefer TWAP?

Understanding Shareholder Perks

Why Shareholder Perks Matter in India

List of Indian Companies Offering Shareholder Perks

How to Find Companies’ Offerings Perks

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Do all Indian companies offer benefits?

Do I need to have a certain number of shares?

Do you have to pay taxes on these perks?

Will I automatically get benefits as a shareholder?

Are shareholder perks better than dividends?

What are Biotech Companies’ Stocks?

Top Biotech Stocks to Buy in India

Overview of Top Biotech Stocks to Buy in India

1. Biocon Limited

2. Anthem Biosciences Limited

3. OneSource Speciality Pharma Limited

4. Sai Lifesciences Limited Company

5. Acutaas Chemicals Limited

6. Glaxosmithkline Pharma Limited

7. Syngene International Limited

8. Indegene Limited

9. Windlas Biotech Limited

10. Vivo Biotech Limited

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Benefits of Investing in Biotech Stocks

Factors to Consider Before Investing in Biotech Stocks

Future of Biotech Stocks

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Name some top biotech stocks to invest in India?

Is it safe to invest in biotech companies?

Is there any risk related to investing in biotech companies?

Are biotech companies export-oriented?

Do the biotech companies declare dividends?

What is a Dividend Tracker App & Why You Need One

Difference from stock tracking app

Benefits for investors

Best Dividend Tracker Apps in India

1. Pocketful