Category: Investing

Top 10 Sectors in the Indian Stock Market

The Indian stock market consists of numerous companies, reflecting the nation’s economic development. Over the past few years, the Indian stock market has witnessed a significant bull run, and the performance of a few sectors has been instrumental in this growth.

This blog explores the leading sectors of the Indian stock market and discusses the future prospects of these sectors, which can be useful for investors wishing to leverage India’s economic prowess.

List of Top 10 Sectors in the Indian Stock Market

Here is the list of Top 10 sectors of the Indian stock market:

Banks
Software & IT Services
Financial Services
Automobile & Ancillaries
Oil & Gas
Healthcare
FMCG
Metals & Mining
Power
Chemicals

Table of Sectors with their Market Capitalization and Industry Association

Sector	Market Capitalization (in INR crores)	Industry Association
Banks	5,011,112	Indian Banks’ Association (IBA)
Software & IT Services	4,441,195	National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM)
Financial Services	3,407,573	International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA)
Automobile & Ancillaries	3,372,348	Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI)
Oil & Gas	3,105,266	Association of Oil & Gas Operators (AOGO)
Healthcare	2,795,612	Association of Healthcare Providers (AHPI)
FMCG	2,544,662	FICCI
Metals & Mining	2,208,827	Federation of Indian Mineral Industries (FIMI)
Power	1,893,012	Association of Power Producers (APP)
Chemicals	1,706,700	Indian Chemical Council (ICC)

(Data as of 07 February 2025)

Read Also : List Of Best FMCG Stocks In India

Overview of the Best Sectors in India By Market Capitalization

The overview of the top 10 sectors of the Indian stock market is given below:

1. Banks

The Indian banking sector consists of 13 public sector banks, 21 private sector banks, 44 foreign banks, and 12 small finance banks. India has seen strong growth in the banking industry, aided by rising disposable income, easy accessibility to credit, and strong economic growth. Frequent innovations and changes in technology have changed the Indian banking system in the last few decades. Over the last ten years, the Indian digital lending market witnessed a growth of 39.5% CAGR. The private banking sector reached USD 95.7 billion in interest income, while the public sector reached USD 128.1 billion in 2024. There are 602 banks actively using UPI as of July 2024. Government initiatives like Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna (PMJDY) have resulted in the opening up of a number of bank accounts and have over 51.11 crore beneficiaries. The deposits made in Jan Dhan’s bank accounts were over USD 25.13 billion till December 2023.

2. Software & IT Services

The Information Technology (IT) sector in India is one of the highest contributors to the economy and is valued at roughly $245 billion in FY 2023. More than 5 million people are employed in the sector, which is expected to reach $350 billion as more businesses seek basic IT and cloud services by the year 2026. Leading companies such as Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Infosys, and Wipro are transforming India to become a global IT hub. The market is projected to increase at a CAGR of 10-12 % in the forecast period due to technological achievements in AI, machine learning, cyber security, and so on. Nevertheless, some challenges, such as a shortage of a skilled workforce and geopolitical tensions, still exist.

3. Financial Services

The financial services industry of India is one of the most important economic sectors and employs millions, accounting for over 6% of GDP. The sector now stands at a position where it has an aggregate asset base of about ₹150 trillion (USD 2 trillion) and is concentrating on digital transformation. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) serves as a critical institution in designing policies related to the Indian financial sector and foreign reserves. According to the NASSCOM report, over 2000 entrepreneurs are actively working in the Fintech sector to promote financial inclusion. Challenges related to non-performing assets (NPA assets) and cybersecurity risk persist. The further advancement of the industry will be ensured by the adoption of the latest technologies and the right policy mix.

4. Automobile & Ancillaries

The automobile sector plays a crucial role in economic expansion and technological advancement. The share of this sector in GDP was 2.77% during 1992-1993 which has increased to around 7.1% in FY23. In the global heavy vehicle market, India has a strong position as India is the largest producer of tractors, the second-largest bus manufacturer, and the third-largest heavy truck manufacturer.

The sector can experience further growth in domestic demand due to a rise in income and huge population growth as well as strong export demand in the near future. As the automobile sector is shifting focus towards the manufacturing of electric vehicles, the government of India aims for 30% of new vehicle sales to be electric by 2030.

5. Oil & Gas

India’s oil and gas sector is vital for the economy and accounts for nearly 3% of GDP. As of 2024, India is the third-largest oil consumer in the world, with a daily consumption of over 5 million barrels. Almost 85% of crude oil needs to be imported into India, which means that most of the oil supply is from elsewhere. It is also noted that the government intends to lift the percentage share of natural gas in energy consumption to 15% by 2030. Regulatory measures include the Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing Policy (HELP), which aims at attracting investment and gives more freedom to contractors in exploring conventional and unconventional gas resources. Headwinds include inadequate refining infrastructure, price volatility, and climate change.

6. Healthcare

In terms of revenue and employment, healthcare has become one of the largest sectors in the country. As per the economic survey, India’s public expenditure on healthcare was 2.1% of GDP in FY23 and is expected to reach 2.5% by FY25, according to the Healthcare Ministry. India has a competitive advantage as it has a large pool of well-trained medical professionals. As compared to the US or Western Europe, the cost of surgery in India is about 1/10th, giving India a cost advantage. By 2030, the demand for healthcare professionals in India is expected to double. Currently, there are only 1.7 nurses per 1000 people, and the doctor-to-patient ratio stands at 1:1500. To boost the country’s healthcare infrastructure, the Indian government is planning to introduce a credit incentive program worth Rs. 50,000 crores.

7. FMCG

FMCG is the 4th largest sector and has been an essential contributor to India’s GDP. The sector reached USD 167 billion in FY 2023 and is expected to reach USD 615.87 billion by FY 2027. As of 2022-23, FMCG sales grew by 7-9% in the country. Favorable government initiatives, growing consumer demand, rural market and population, and growth of e-commerce platforms are the key growth drivers behind the expansion of the sector. Online retail and e-commerce have made it easier for FMCG businesses to market and sell their products across the country without significant investment in marketing. The FMCG industry is the biggest contributor to digital advertising, holding a 42% share in total digital spending to reach US$9.92 billion in 2023.

8. Metal & Mining

The metal and mining sector in India plays one of the most critical roles for the country’s economic growth contributing roughly 2.5% to GDP and providing jobs to more than one million people. Minerals serve as raw materials for other industries, making the growth of the Indian mining industry essential for the growth of the overall economic development of the nation. Some of the policy measures, such as the National Mineral Policy and the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, intend to ensure sustainability and seek investment for the sector. Other issues persist related to regulatory changes and climate change.

9. Power

The power sector in India is essential for economic growth and the welfare of the economy as a whole. For sustainable growth of the Indian economy, power infrastructure development is crucial. As of June 30, 2024, the country’s current installed power capacity is 446.18 GW making India 3rd most significant producer and consumer of electricity worldwide. In budget 2024, the government took the initiative to allocate funds to green hydrogen, solar power, and green-energy projects. Various schemes are also introduced, like Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojna and the Integrated Power Development Scheme, to ensure an uninterrupted supply of electricity to rural areas and strengthen the transmission network across the country. India is aiming to establish 50% of the total installed electric power capacity using non-fossil fuel-based resources by 2030. Furthermore, India aims for 500 GW of renewable energy, and to meet this target, the Ministry of Power has identified 81 thermal units in which coal will be replaced with renewable energy resources by 2026.

10. Chemicals

India is the 6th largest producer of chemicals in the world, contributing 7% to India’s GDP. Currently, the Indian chemical industry is valued at US$220 Billion, which is expected to reach US$ 1 trillion by 2040. The chemical industry can be broadly classified into specialty chemicals, petrochemicals, polymers, fertilizers, bulk chemicals, and agrochemicals. India holds 14th rank in chemical exports and 8th rank in imports globally. In April-May 2024, exports of organic and inorganic chemicals reached US$ 4.78 billion. To tackle the rising demand of domestic and overseas consumers, specialty chemical companies in India are increasing their production capacities. The government allocated USD 23.13 million to the Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, and by 2024, an investment of US$ 107 billion is expected in the Indian chemicals and petrochemicals sector.

Future of Indian Stock Market

The stock market in India has a bright future, and due to the recent bull run, the market capitalization has exceeded the $5 trillion mark on the back of solid GDP growth and growing foreign investments. The Nifty 50 Index is forecasted to keep soaring after having generated a compounded annual return of roughly about 14% over the last ten years. There are a host of reasons why the Indian equities market has managed to inspire such favorable sentiments, some of which are listed below:

Equities present attractive investment avenues for the Indian middle class with growing disposable incomes.
Due to growing disposable incomes, domestic consumption has increased tremendously, resulting in the rise of the revenues of Indian businesses.
The Indian equities market presents attractive investment opportunities for foreign investors due to the young population, strong consumption, and strong GDP growth.
Government schemes like the Atma Nirbhar Bharat and Production-Linke Incentives were launched to promote domestic manufacturing and exports.

Read Also: 10 Best Copper Stocks in India

Conclusion

There are many sectors in the Indian stock market, and all of them are likely to grow as a result of favorable government policy reforms and enhanced domestic consumption. New investment opportunities will appear as the industries adopt the latest technologies. It is paramount that the peculiarities of each sector be recognized and understood to identify investment opportunities. Information about these sectors will enhance better decision-making and, in turn, result in great investment returns.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What role does the banking sector play in the Indian economy?
The banking sector contributes more than 6% to the GDP of India and plays a significant role in financial intermediation and economic growth.
What are the issues the healthcare sector is facing in India?
Lack of trained professionals and healthcare infrastructure are some of the challenges faced by the healthcare sector in India.
What is the contribution of the automobile sector to the Indian GDP?
The services offered by the automobile sector amount to 7.1% of the Indian GDP and are considered to be the backbone of economic development and employment generation.
How does the power sector contribute to the development of the Indian economy?
With an installed capacity of 446.18 GW, the power sector assists economic growth and sustains various development measures across various sectors.
What are the future prospects of the financial services sector in India?
The financial services industry is likely to grow significantly due to digital transformation and is expected to stay on a constant upward growth path while promoting and achieving financial inclusion.

October 4, 2024

10 Top Companies in India by Market Capitalization in 2026

India’s economy has grown significantly in recent years due to technological advancements, a burgeoning middle class, and government reforms. This growth is evident in the stock market, where numerous companies have reached impressive market capitalization levels.

In this blog, we will explore the top 10 companies in India by market capitalization in 2026. These companies include the nation’s most valuable enterprises, showcasing their financial robustness, promising growth prospects, and strong investor trust.

What is Market Capitalization?

Market capitalization is the most recent value of the company’s outstanding shares in the stock market. SEBI (Securities Exchange Board of India) ranks and categorizes companies according to their market capitalization into large-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap companies.

The total Market capitalization of the company can be calculated as follows:

Market Capitalisation = Number of Outstanding Shares x Current Market Price of each share

List of Top 10 Indian Companies Based on Market Capitalization

The list of Top 10 companies in India based on market capitalization:

Rank	Company	Market Capitalization (in INR Crore)	Industry	Current Market Price (in INR)	52-Week High	52-Week Low	1-Year Return (in %)
1	Reliance Industries Ltd.	19,84,397	Oil & Gas Operations	2,933	3,218	2,220	26.49
2	Tata Consultancy Services Ltd.	15,40,654	Information Technology	4,258	4,592	3,311	21.45
3	HDFC Bank Ltd.	13,14,835	Banking	1,724	1,794	1,363	14.46
4	Bharti Airtel Ltd.	10,21,774	Telecommunications	1,705	1,779	895	84.28
5	ICICI Bank Ltd.	8,96,072	Banking	1,272	1,362	899	35.45
6	Infosys Ltd.	7,90,942	Information Technology	1,905	1,976	1,352	32.98
7	State Bank of India	7,12,095	Banking	798	912	543	32.26
8	Hindustan Unilever Ltd.	6,86,633	Consumer Goods	2,922	3,035	2,170	18.52
9	ITC Ltd.	6,45,830	Consumer Goods	516	529	399	17.56
10	Life Insurance Corporation of India	6,33,765	Insurance	1,002	1,222	597	55.43

(Data as of 1 October 2024)

Overview of Top 10 Indian Companies Based on Market Capitalization

The overview of the top 10 Indian companies based on market capitalization is given below:

1. Reliance Industries Ltd.

Reliance was established by Mr Dhirubhai Ambani in 1966 as a small textile manufacturer. It went public through an initial public offering (IPO) in 1977. In 1980, the company started growing its operations in the petrochemical industry. The business was divided between Dhirubhai Ambani’s two sons, Anil and Mukesh Ambani, following his death.

The company reached new heights under Mukesh Ambani by diversifying into several industries, such as retail and communications. The business is also making huge investments in the field of renewable energy.

2. Tata Consultancy Services Ltd.

Tata Consultancy Services is an Indian multinational IT services and consulting company. TCS is headquartered in Mumbai, India. TCS has over 614,000 trained consultants in 55 countries.

TCS was founded in the year 1968, when Mr. Fakir Chand Kohli, known as the Father of Indian IT brought together a young team of IT professionals to create demand for computer services. It was one of the first companies to provide software development and IT services. TCS has expanded its operations beyond India to have a significant presence in countries across America, Europe, Asia Pacific, the Middle East, and Africa.

TCS helps clients with business transformation, strategy and design thinking, and integrating different IT systems and applications. The company also provides IT outsourcing services to clients, including application development and business process outsourcing. The company also provides cloud-based services such as infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), software as a service (SaaS), cloud computing, etc.

3. HDFC Bank Ltd.

It was among the first financial institutions in India to receive an ‘in principle’ approval from the Reserve Bank of India. The HDFC bank started its operations as a scheduled commercial bank in January 1995. IN 2023, HDFC, or Housing Development Finance Corporation, India’s largest housing finance company, merged with HDFC Bank.

The bank provides a wide range of financial products and services, such as retail banking, wholesale banking, loans, credit cards, savings accounts, current accounts, investment products, etc. Bank’s business philosophy is based on five core values: Operational Excellence, Customer Focus, Product Leadership, People, and Sustainability.

4. Bharti Airtel Ltd.

Bharti Airtel, a prominent global telecommunications provider, has effectively carved out a niche in both Asia and Africa. It offers a variety of services, such as mobile services, fixed broadband services, and enterprise solutions, making it a well-known brand in India and beyond.

Bharti Airtel was established in 1995 by Sunil Mittal and launched its operations in Delhi. In 2010, Airtel ventured into the international arena by acquiring Zain Telecom, a prominent telecommunications operator in Africa. This acquisition strengthened Airtel’s status as a global player. The company has wholeheartedly embraced digital transformation, providing an extensive array of digital services, such as mobile payments, OTT platforms, and cloud solutions.

5. ICICI Bank Ltd.

ICICI Banks stands for Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India and is regarded as India’s second-largest private sector bank. The World Bank and the government of India initiated the establishment of ICICI through a joint venture with other businesses in 1955 as a part of their initiative to accelerate the economy’s industrial growth by providing them with long and medium-term project financing. ICICI became the first Indian company and Asian bank other than Japanese Banks to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Additionally, In October 2001, the Board of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger of its subsidiary businesses, ICICI Personal Finance Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank.

6. Infosys Ltd.

Infosys is a global IT services and consulting company that offers digital services to its clients all over the world. The company was established in the year 1981 in Pune by N.R. Narayana Murthy with a capital of $250 and currently is operating in over 56 countries to help its clients embrace global transformation. It is headquartered in Bangalore, India.

Initially, the company focused on providing software consulting and development services to US clients. With time, the company pioneered the Global Delivery Model (GDM), which allowed the remote execution of projects with a cost advantage. The tech giant went public in the year 1992.

Services offered by Infosys are as follows:

Infosys helps clients navigate their digital journeys through AI-powered solutions, agile development, and cloud implementation.
The company offers consulting services in areas like business strategy, enterprise resource planning (ERP), and customer relationship management (CRM).

7. State Bank of India

SBI is the largest public sector bank of India and is a titan in the Indian banking landscape with a largest 1/4th market share. SBI is headquartered in Mumbai and holds a rich heritage of over 200 years. The roots of SBI trace back to 1806 with the establishment of the Bank of Calcutta, the first joint stock bank in British India. Three separate presidency banks, Bank of Bengal, Bank of Bombay, and Bank of Madras, emerged across British India. In the year 1921, the three presidential banks merged to form the Imperial Bank of India.

In the year 1955, the government of India nationalized the Imperial Bank of India and renamed it the State Bank of India. SBI later acquired various state-associated banks and commercial banks. The bank’s core values are Service, Transparency, Ethics, Politeness, and Sustainability.

8. Hindustan Unilever Ltd.

The Lever Brothers, established by William Hesketh Lever and James Darcy Lever, first entered the Indian market in 1888 with a product known as sunlight soap. However, the soap was marked with the phrase “Made in England by Lever Brothers.”

Hindustan Vanaspati Manufacturing Company, Unilever’s first Indian affiliate, was founded in 1931. The company also established Lever Brothers India Limited in 1933 and United Traders Limited in 1935. In 1956, these companies merged to form Hindustan Unilever Limited. The company’s headquarters is located in Mumbai.

Product Portfolio of the company is as follows:

Home care products – Laundry detergents, fabric conditioners, dishwashing liquids, and toilet cleaners.
Personal care products – Soaps, shampoos, skin care products, hair care products, deodorants, oral care products, beverages, packaged foods, water purifiers, healthcare products, baby soaps, shampoos, body lotions, cosmetic and beauty products.

9. ITC Ltd.

ITC Limited is an Indian conglomerate headquartered in Kolkata, India. The company has a diversified presence across several industries, such as FMCG, hotels, information technology, packaging, paperboards, and agribusiness. The company is considered a major player in the Indian economy and is known for its commitment to quality. The company exports its products to over 90 countries,

ITC has a rich history that traces back to 1910 as the Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited, a subsidiary of British American Tobacco. The company initially focused on tobacco products and established its first cigarette factory in Bangalore in 1913. The name of ITC was later changed to India Tobacco Company in the year 1970. The company continues to innovate and expand its FMCG portfolio while focusing on sustainability initiatives.

10. Life Insurance Corporation of India

The Life Insurance Corporation of India is one of the world’s largest insurance companies and is important to India’s financial sector. Founded in 1956, LIC was created by nationalizing 245 private insurance companies, making it a government-owned organization. For several decades, LIC enjoyed a monopoly in the Indian life insurance market. However, the liberalization of the Indian economy in the 1990s led to greater competition for LIC from private insurance companies. To stay competitive, LIC has expanded its product range, enhanced its distribution network, and adopted the latest technologies.

LIC offers a wide range of life insurance solutions, featuring term plans, endowment plans, whole life plans, and ULIPs. It plays an important role in providing social security to millions of Indians.

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Company	ROE (in %)	ROCE (in %)	Debt-to-Equity	P/E (x)	P/B (x)
Reliance Industries Ltd.	8.77	9.38	0.41	28.85	2.50
Tata Consultancy Services Ltd.	50.73	63.51	0	32.93	17.06
HDFC Bank Ltd.	14.03	2.63	–	19.31	2.91
Bharti Airtel Ltd.	7.39	13.13	1.5	98.7	12.05
ICICI Bank Ltd.	17.49	2.91	–	19.32	3.32
Infosys Ltd.	29.77	36.81	0	29.65	8.98
State Bank of India	17.31	1.63	–	10.34	1.85
Hindustan Unilever Ltd.	20.06	21.72	0	66.62	13.45
ITC Ltd.	27.45	34.76	0	31.53	8.66
Life Insurance Corporation of India	49.44	0.79	0	15.26	7.75

(All of the above data is of the year ended March 2024, except P/E and P/B ratios)

Conclusion

With a mix of traditional industries and emerging sectors, investors are increasingly seeking opportunities that align with global trends. This shift shows a broader strategy to diversify portfolios and capitalize on India’s growth potential. Although the rankings of the top 10 companies may fluctuate over time, the supremacy of sectors such as technology, finance, FMCG, energy, etc., is expected to remain steadfast. Staying informed about market trends and company performance is important for making successful investment decisions.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do government-owned companies feature in the Top 10 Indian companies based on market capitalization?
Yes, companies like SBI and Life Insurance Corporation of India rank among the top 10 because of their huge market capitalization.
Which sectors dominate the list of top 10 Indian companies based on market capitalization?
Sectors like finance, technology, FMCG, etc., hold a strong presence in the top 10 list.
How often does the ranking of top companies based on market capitalization change?
The ranking can change quite frequently because of factors like market fluctuations, company performance, and industry trends.
Where can I find the latest market capitalization data?
You can find real-time market capitalization data on any financial website, stock market apps, etc.
Is market capitalization a valuable metric of a company’s long-term success?
Market capitalization is important, but it cannot be the only factor that defines a company’s long-term success. Other factors like fundamentals, management quality, and industry trends also play an important role.

October 3, 2024

China Plus One Strategy

China Plus One, also known simply as Plus One or (C+1), is the business strategy to avoid only investing in China and spread business or channel investments into other developing countries such as India, Thailand, Turkey or Vietnam.

In this blog, we will discuss the China Plus One strategy, the reasons behind its increasing popularity, its impact on India, and the sectors that can benefit from this strategy.

What is the China Plus One Strategy?

The China Plus One strategy emerged in 2013 as a response to concerns about global dependency on China. This strategy encourages companies to diversify their supply chain and manufacturing activities away from China to mitigate risk and reduce over-dependence on China.

Companies are adopting the strategy due to several factors:

Rising labor costs in China make manufacturing less competitive because of diminishing economies of scale.
Geopolitical tensions such as the U.S.-China trade war can lead to restrictions, bans and tariff changes.
Supply chain disruption risks highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sudden policy change or ban on China.
A desire to reduce concentration risks by diversifying manufacturing facilities across multiple geographies and reducing dependency on a single country.

Advantages of the China Plus One strategy

The advantages of a China Plus One strategy are:

Reduce Risk: By diversifying manufacturing facilities across multiple geographies and looking for alternatives, companies can reduce their dependency on China and reduce the impact of disruptions like wars, pandemics, or geopolitical tensions on their business.
Reduce Cost: China’s cost advantage is diminishing, and there are other developing countries available which can still offer a lower cost of labor and production, which will increase the company’s profitability.
Supply Chain Resilience: Companies can build a resilient network of supply chains by spreading production across multiple regions.

Limitations of the China Plus One strategy?

The limitations of the China Plus One strategy are:

Infrastructure Gaps: Many countries may not have the robust and advanced infrastructure that China has developed over decades.
Skilled Labor Shortage: In other countries, the local labor may lack the expertise required for complex manufacturing.
Regulatory Issues: Every country has its own regulatory framework, tax system, etc., which can make operating in multiple locations more complex.
Initial Costs: Establishing new production facilities requires significant capital expenditure, which can be a barrier for smaller firms.

Impact on India

The China Plus One strategy has a significant impact on India as India will be an excellent alternative for multinational companies seeking to diversify their supply chains away from China. The impact of the China Plus One strategy on India is explained below:

Supply Chain Diversification: India is becoming a crucial part of global supply chains. India is becoming a major supplier of electronic components, semiconductors, machinery, and raw materials, playing a big role in supply chain management and global trade.

Job Creation: India will create more job opportunities, especially in labor-intensive industries like textiles, apparel, electronics assembly, and automotive production, as more manufacturing operations shift to India. The increase in manufacturing activity is expected to generate new direct and indirect jobs.

Increase in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): India is an excellent option for MNCs due to lower labor costs, a large workforce, and a large consumer market. India has attracted significant foreign direct investment (FDI) as multinational companies shift their manufacturing operations out of China. Sectors such as electronics, automotive, pharmaceuticals, and textiles have seen increased investments.

Strengthened Bilateral Trade Relations: India is becoming an important trading partner for countries seeking alternatives in the supply chain. Hence, India has strengthened its trade relations with countries adopting the China Plus One strategy. For example, India is negotiating or implementing free trade agreements (FTAs) with countries like the UK, EU, and Australia, which can enable smoother trade and robust economic ties.

Government Reforms and Incentives: The Indian government has introduced a range of policy reforms and incentives to attract companies looking for alternatives to China. Some key initiatives include:

Government Initiatives: Initiatives such as the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme have provided financial incentives to boost local manufacturing and attract FDI.
Tax Reforms: Reduction in corporate taxes and streamlined regulations have made India a more attractive destination for foreign companies.

Competitive Advantage over Southeast Asia: In some sectors, India offers a more competitive advantage in terms of labor costs than China, making it an attractive destination for labor-intensive manufacturing. India’s large domestic market provides a significant advantage over smaller Southeast Asian countries. MNCs can not only set up manufacturing facilities but also take advantage of India’s growing consumer base, which includes a fast-expanding middle class with increasing purchasing power.

Indian Sectors to Benefit from China Plus One Strategy

The China Plus One strategy is set to benefit several key sectors in India as MNCs diversify their supply chains away from China. The sectors that are expected to gain the most from this shift include those with strong manufacturing potential, government support, and the ability to serve both domestic and international markets. Here are the Indian sectors that will benefit from the China Plus One strategy:

Labor Intensive Industries: These industries are likely to significantly benefit from the “China Plus One” strategy and include companies involved in apparel manufacturing, footwear production, textiles, electronics assembly, and basic consumer goods manufacturing. These sectors rely heavily on a large workforce and could shift production to countries with lower labor costs, like Vietnam, Indonesia, India, etc.

Electronics & Semiconductor: India is becoming a hub for smartphone and electronics manufacturing, with companies like Apple and Samsung expanding production as they may find it beneficial to shift production to countries with a large pool of skilled workers. India is also focusing on expanding its semiconductor manufacturing capabilities.
Textile manufacturing: The production of basic textiles like cotton fabric could be moved to countries with readily available raw materials and skilled labor.
Apparel manufacturing: Companies producing clothing items like T-shirts, jeans, and sportswear could significantly benefit from relocating production to countries with lower labor costs.
Footwear production: Brands manufacturing sneakers and other footwear could reduce operating costs by shifting production to countries with lower labor costs and huge workforces.
Telecom Equipment: India is emerging as a key player in 5G infrastructure and telecom equipment manufacturing.
Toys and Consumer Goods: India’s toy and consumer goods sectors are expanding as global companies seek alternatives to Chinese manufacturing.

Conclusion

The China Plus One strategy is an essential and crucial step for companies aiming to reduce their dependence on China for manufacturing and supply chains and, in turn, reduce their risk. China is a dominant player in global manufacturing, but after 2013, when China’s cost advantage started diminishing and after COVID due to growing geopolitical tensions with China and Zero COVID policy, companies are exploring alternatives to reduce risks and costs and build strong and undisrupted supply chains away from China. Hence, countries like Taiwan, Vietnam, India, and Mexico are emerging as key players in this shift as they offer new opportunities for global businesses looking to diversify their production bases at low cost and with high efficiency.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the adoption of the China Plus One strategy?
Yes, the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of the China Plus One strategy. The pandemic caused severe disruptions in global supply chains because of over-dependence on China.
Does the China Plus One strategy mean companies are leaving China?
No, it doesn’t mean companies are abandoning China completely; rather, they are diversifying the risk of being dependent only on China. Entirely abandoning China is not possible as they still have a well-developed infrastructure, efficient supply chains, and a large skilled labor force. This strategy is all about diversification.
How does the China Plus One strategy affect China?
China surely will be negatively affected, but this strategy doesn’t aim to completely abandon China; rather, it is being adopted to diversify into other regions, which will definitely reduce the dominance of China. In the uncertain time of wars and pandemics, companies surely want an undisrupted supply chain, and this strategy fixes that issue.
Is the China Plus One strategy only for large multinational companies?
Though large multinational companies have been the primary beneficiaries and adopters of the China Plus One strategy, smaller businesses can also consider diversifying. However, for smaller companies, the capital outlay to set up new manufacturing facilities may be challenging and will act as a significant barrier.
What is the role of the government in the China Plus One strategy?
Governments in developing countries like India, Vietnam, Thailand, and Mexico have introduced incentive schemes to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), which includes various tax benefits, subsidies, and infrastructure development to support companies looking to set up operations outside of China.

September 22, 2024

Tata Motors: Ordinary Shares vs DVR Shares

Tata Motors has recently undertaken a strategic move to convert its Differential Voting Rights shares (Tata Motors DVR) into Ordinary shares (Tata Motors). This move is a part of Tata Motors’ strategy to simplify its capital structure, enhance market transparency, and provide equal voting rights to all shareholders.

The decision, which converts DVR shares into ordinary shares at a predetermined ratio, was unanimously approved by shareholders and is expected to improve the share’s trading volume and boost shareholder value. In today’s blog, we will discuss Tata Motors’ recent announcement of converting its DVR shares into ordinary shares in detail.

Overview of Tata Motors

Tata Motors Limited is a leading global automobile manufacturer of cars, utility vehicles, buses, trucks, and defense vehicles. It was incorporated in 1945 and was formerly known as Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company Ltd. The company designs, manufactures, and sells a wide range of automotive vehicles. It also manufactures engines for industrial and marine applications. As India’s largest automobile company and part of the Tata Group, Tata Motors has operations in the UK, South Korea, Thailand, South Africa, and Indonesia through a strong global network of 86 subsidiary and associate companies, including Jaguar Land Rover in the UK and Tata Daewoo in South Korea.

The company is ramping up its electric vehicle offerings, with plans to launch more models in the coming years. Tata Motors aims to be a leader in the Indian EV market, which is expected to grow rapidly in the near future.

Difference Between Tata Motors Ordinary Shares and DVR Shares

In 2008, Tata Motors introduced Differential Voting Rights (DVR) shares to raise capital without diluting existing shareholders’ voting power. DVR shares have fewer voting rights than ordinary shares but typically offer higher dividends to compensate for the same. Here’s a detailed comparison:

Voting rights: DVR shares typically have one-tenth the voting power of ordinary shares. Tata Motors DVR shares have 10% of the voting rights compared to ordinary shares.
Dividends: DVR shares generally offer higher dividends than ordinary shares. In 2024, Tata Motors DVR declared a 300% equity dividend, amounting to Rs 6 per share.
Pricing: DVR shares are often sold at discounts compared to ordinary shares due to their lower voting power.
Market Impact: DVR shares may be attractive for investors seeking income rather than control over the company. They can also appeal to small investors and other retail shareholders who don’t vote.

However, DVR shares have certain drawbacks, including limited or no voting rights, low liquidity, and no guarantee of higher dividends.

Recent Update to Cancel Tata Motors DVR shares

Tata Motors recently announced the conversion of Tata Motors DVR shares into ordinary shares. The company will cancel its listed DVR shares and issue ordinary shares as compensation. For every 10 DVR shares, investors will receive 7 ordinary shares. This swap aims to simplify the company’s capital structure and improve liquidity, shareholder value, and market transparency.

The primary objectives behind this decision are:

Simplifying the Capital Structure: Conversion of DVR shares into ordinary shares will make Tata Motors’ capital structure less complex. This simplification is expected to enhance market transparency and improve the overall efficiency of trading in Tata Motors’ shares.
Enhancing Shareholder Value: The conversion ratio (7 ordinary shares for every 10 DVR shares) gives DVR shareholders a significant premium. This move is valuable for shareholders and makes it an attractive deal.
Improving Market Perception: With this move, Tata Motors eliminates the differential voting rights shares, which can be seen as a point of debate in corporate governance. This unification is likely to enhance the company’s image in the eyes of investors and could lead to a more favorable market perception.

The DVR shares, which have been trading since 2008, will be swapped for ordinary shares at a predetermined ratio of 7 ordinary shares for every 10 DVR shares. The swap will be done on September 1, 2024, with the listing and trading approval of the new ordinary shares starting on September 11, 2024. The shares will be credited to accounts on September 18, and the remittance of cash entitlements will happen on September 21. Consequent to the aforesaid allotment, the paid-up ordinary share capital of the company will increase from Rs 664.97 crore divided into 332.46 crore ordinary shares of Rs 2 each to Rs 736.17 Crore divided into 368.06 Crore ordinary shares of Rs 2 each (considering the amount of subscribed share capital plus shares forfeited less calls in arrears).

Tax Implications for Shareholders

Delisting of DVR shares will reduce capital and have the same implications as witnessed in a liquidation. When the shares are delisted in 12–15 months, all accumulated profits on the balance sheet will be considered dividends to current DVR shareholders. As a result, it will have tax consequences (withholding tax). Long-term capital gains from these transactions will be taxed, and any short-term capital gains earned during the period will also be taxed.

Performance of Tata Motors And Tata Motors DVR

Company	6 Months Return	1 Year Return
Tata Motors	2.39%	63.94%
Tata Motors DVR	11.5%	81.03%

(As of September 9, 2024)

During the past year, Tata Motors DVR shares have given superior returns compared to Tata Motors shares. Due to the premium paid to the DVR shareholders according to the conversion ratio, the Tata Motors DVR shares have outperformed Tata Motors ordinary shares.

Conclusion

The recent announcement of the cancellation of DVR shares and their conversion into ordinary shares is expected to simplify Tata Motors’ capital structure, increase liquidity, and enhance shareholder value. For investors, this will eliminate the discount associated with DVR shares, bringing their value closer to that of ordinary shares. Overall, it is a strategic move and will be positive for the shareholders as it will simplify the company’s shareholding structure and potentially boost market confidence in Tata Motors. Understanding this development is important for anyone looking to trade or invest in Tata Motors stock. However, it is advised to consult a financial advisor before investing.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the meaning of Tata Motors DVR shares conversion into ordinary shares?
The conversion of Tata Motors’ Differential Voting Rights (DVR) shares into ordinary equity shares means that shareholders of Tata Motors DVR will receive 7 ordinary shares for every 10 DVR shares held.
Why did Tata Motors decide to convert DVR shares with ordinary shares?
Tata Motors decided to convert DVR shares with ordinary shares to simplify its capital structure, increase market transparency, and enhance shareholder value.
What is the conversion ratio for Tata Motors DVR to ordinary shares?
The conversion ratio is 7 ordinary shares for every 10 DVR shares. If you hold 10 DVR shares, you will receive 7 ordinary shares of Tata Motors post-conversion.
What is the record date for the DVR conversion?
The record date for the conversion was set for September 1, 2024. Shareholders must hold DVR shares by this date to be eligible for conversion.
How does this conversion benefit shareholders?
Shareholders will benefit from a 23% premium on the DVR share price, improved liquidity, and a simplified capital structure.

September 17, 2024

List of Best Recycling Stocks in India 2026

Imagine you are on a family vacation and notice a beach littered with garbage. You will undoubtedly consider how this will negatively affect the ecosystem and destroy wildlife. However, there are some businesses in India that recycle that waste and turn it into valuable items.

In this blog, we’ll provide an overview of the Indian recycling sector and its top companies based on market capitalization.

Overview of the Recycling Industry in India

Recycling companies mainly deal with the conversion of waste materials into useful products. India is the most populous country in the world and thus generates a substantial amount of waste each year, which has drastic effects on the environment as a significant portion of the waste generated is not biodegradable. According to some studies, it is estimated that India recycles around 20% of its waste, which is not enough. Moreover, the majority of the recycling takes place in the informal sector.

The Government of India is aware of the waste management issues and has thus launched the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) to develop recycling and waste management infrastructure in the country. The recycling industry has expanded rapidly in recent years due to rising environmental awareness among the public and environmental issues in the nation. As a result, there is a great chance for this sector to grow shortly because government policies and incentive programs support it.

Top Recycling Stocks In India Based on Market Capitalization

The Top Recycling stocks in 2025 are:

S.No.	Recycling Stocks
1	Gravita India Ltd.
2	Ganesha Ecosphere Ltd.
3	Eco Recycling Ltd.
4	A2Z Infra Engineering Ltd.
5	Baheti Recycling Industries Ltd.

The recycling stocks have been listed in descending order based on their market capitalization in the table below:

Company	Market Capitalisation (in INR crore)	Current Market Price (in INR)	52-Week High (in INR)	52-Week Low (in INR)
Gravita India Ltd.	12,082	1,637	2,265	1,380
Ganesha Ecosphere Ltd.	2,018	753	1,924	752
Eco Recycling Ltd.	865	448	910	416
A2Z Infra Engineering Ltd.	259	14.7	23.9	12.3
Baheti Recycling Industries Ltd.	612	590	650	328

Company	6-Month Return	1-Year Return
Gravita India Ltd.	-11.18%	-38.30%
Ganesha Ecosphere Ltd.	-24.64%	-36.15%
Eco Recycling Ltd.	-11.74%	-34.12%
A2Z Infra Engineering Ltd.	23.10%	-5.19%
Baheti Recycling Industries Ltd.	-2.35%	33.71%

(As of 29 September 2025)

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Company	ROE (in %)	ROCE (in %)	Debt to Equity	P/E	P/B
Gravita India Ltd.	28.56	29.08	0.65	60.95	18.54
Ganesha Ecosphere Ltd.	3.85	7.07	0.38	82.60	4.68
Eco Recycling Ltd.	27.86	30.66	0	97.52	30.44
A2Z Infra Engineering Ltd.	-17.68	-27.35	6.15	-62.96	9.29
Baheti Recycling Industries Ltd.	17.29	36.87	2.38	52	9.12

(All the above data is of the year ended March 2024)

Benefits of Investing in Recycling Stocks

There are various benefits of investing in recycling stocks, some of which are mentioned below:

Environmental Conservation– An investor can help with environmental conservation by purchasing stocks in the recycling sector.
Government Support – By offering a variety of incentives, the government supports the recycling sector, which eventually improves the performance of these businesses in the long run.
Less Volatile – Because recycling stocks are generally uncorrelated with the economy, their share prices are less volatile than those of other sectors.

Factors to Be Considered Before Investing in Recycling Stocks

There are various factors one should take into account before investing in any recycling stocks:

Competition – Besides well-known businesses, there are several local firms in the recycling sector, making the recycling industry increasingly competitive. As a result, the company’s profit margins and market shares may be affected.
Innovative Techniques – The recycling sector uses advanced technology to produce recycled products. The more advanced technologies a business employs, the bigger its profit margin will be.
Regulatory – The recycling sector is heavily regulated and depends on numerous government-sponsored incentive programs. Any changes to these rules will affect business performance.

Future of the Recycling Sector in India

The amount of waste generated in India will rise as the country’s population grows, and businesses are working to handle this waste and find new applications for recycled products. India recycled 9.9 million tons of plastic in 2023, and at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.86%, it is projected to reach 23.7 million tons by 2032. Favorable government policies will also play a key role in developing India’s recycling sector.

Read Also: List Of Best Paper Stocks in India

Conclusion

In conclusion, given the enormous development potential in this industry, investment in the recycling sector can be profitable. Investing in stocks that recycle waste will diversify your portfolio and lower risk. Before making any investments, you should assess the firm’s financial data, such as its revenue and profit margins. Moreover, you should also speak with an investment advisor before investing.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the best recycling stocks to invest in India?
The best recycling stocks in India are Gravita India Ltd., Eco Recycling Ltd., A2Z Infra Engineering Ltd., Baheti Recycling Industries Ltd., and Ganesha Ecosphere Ltd.
Is it a good time to invest in recycling stocks?
Yes, an individual can invest in recycling stocks due to the rise in environmental concerns and increasing efforts of the government to promote recycling. The growing demand for recycled services and products will increase revenues and profits for recycling companies.
What are the types of products that are recycled in India?
In India, companies recycle various types of products, such as metal, plastic, paper, and electronic waste.
What are the factors to be considered before investing in recycling companies?
There are various factors to be considered by an investor before investing in any recycling company, such as their financial performance, demand for recycling products, technological advancements, etc.
Is it safe to invest in recycling stocks?
Investing in a recycling stock can be highly risky, and it is advised to consult a financial advisor before investing.

September 14, 2024

Top 10 Most Expensive Stocks in India

Every new investor entering the market has two questions, one related to the cheapest stocks to invest in and the other one about which companies have the most expensive stock in India. Some companies in India have such a high market price that may surprise you. Interested in knowing about these companies? Read on.

In this blog, we will discuss the top 10 most expensive stocks in India.

List of Top 10 Most Expensive Stocks in India

The most expensive stocks in India are:

S.No.	Expensive Stocks
1	Elcid Investments ltd
2	MRF Ltd.
3	Honeywell Automation India Ltd.
4	Page Industries Ltd.
5	3M India Ltd.
6	Bosch Ltd.
7	Abbott India Ltd.
8	Shree Cement Ltd.
9	Procter & Gamble Hygiene and Healthcare Ltd.
10	Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd.

The top 10 most expensive stocks have been listed in descending order based on their share prices in the table below:

Company	Current Market Price (INR)	Market Capitalization (In Crores)	52-Week High	52-Week Low
Elcid Investments ltd	1,21,850	2,437	1,68,900	1,21,850
MRF Ltd.	1,43,181	60,725	1,63,600	1,00,500
Honeywell Automation India Ltd.	33,570	29,676	42,100	31,025
Page Industries Ltd.	34,406	38,376	50,590	34,036
3M India Ltd.	34,895	39,327	37,385	25,714
Bosch Ltd.	36,935	1,08,934	41,945	25,922
Abbott India Ltd.	27,738	58,942	37,000	25,260
Shree Cement Ltd.	27,855	1,00,503	32,508	24,863
Procter & Gamble Hygiene and Healthcare Ltd.	12,250	39,764	15,100	12,106
Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd.	14,837	15,850	18,250	13,450

(As of 16 January 2026)

1-Year Returns of Top 10 Most Expensive Stocks in India

The top 10 most expensive stocks in India have been listed in descending order based on their 1-year returns in the table below:

Company	1-Year Returns
Elcid investments ltd	-22.93%
MRF Ltd.	24.66%
Honeywell Automation India Ltd.	-16.84%
Page Industries Ltd.	-25.54%
3M India Ltd.	20.55%
Bosch Ltd.	16.42%
Abbott India Ltd.	0.07%
Shree Cement Ltd.	9.76%
Procter & Gamble Hygiene and Healthcare Ltd.	-15.83%
Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd.	-8.81%

(As of 16 January 2026)

Overview of the Top 10 Most Expensive Stocks in India

The overview of India’s top 10 most expensive stocks is mentioned below-

1. Elcid Investments Ltd

Elcid Investments is a holding company registered with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) under the category of Investment Company. The company is promoted by the Vakil Family. Arvind Vakil, head of the family, was one of the 4 partners who started Asian Paints in 1942.It also has 2 wholly owned subsidiaries viz. Murahar Investments & Trading Co Ltd and Suptaswar Investments & Trading Co Ltd which holds 0.60% and 0.68% in Asian Paints respectively.It holds ~4.2% stake in the company which has a total value of ~9,996cr crores as on December 2022.

2. MRF Ltd.

K.M. Mammen Mappillai established the Madras Rubber Factory (MRF) in 1946. Before manufacturing tyres, the company began its journey as a toy balloon manufacturing unit. The company ventured into tread rubber manufacturing in 1952 and became a market leader in just four years. In 1961, the business partnered with USA’s Mansfield Tire & Rubber Company and opened its first manufacturing facility in Chennai. The company went public on the Indian Stock Exchange in 1961. The company manufactures a wide range of products, including tyres for two-wheelers, cars, trucks, and even airplanes. The company’s headquarters is in Chennai.

3. Honeywell Automation India Ltd.

Honeywell Automation India Ltd. was established in 1984 as a joint venture between the Tata Group and Honeywell International. The business was initially known as Tata Process Control Pvt. Ltd. In 1988, the company was listed on the Indian stock exchange and was renamed Tata Honeywell Ltd. In 2004, the company was again renamed Honeywell Automation India Ltd. when Honeywell International Asia Pacific Inc. purchased the stake of the Tata Group. The company operates in many sectors, such as aerospace, energy, healthcare, IT, life sciences, utilities, etc., and provides automation and control systems for commercial, residential, and industrial use. The company’s headquarters is in Pune.

4. Page Industries Ltd.

Sunder Genomal and his family established the business in 1994. The business signed an exclusive agreement with Jockey International Incorporation for the manufacture, distribution, and sale of Jockey goods in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, UAE, Oman, and Qatar. In 2005, the company went public on the Indian Stock Exchange. The business has increased its product range by obtaining an exclusive license from Speedo International Ltd. to manufacture, market, and distribute its products in India. The company’s headquarters is in Bangalore.

5. 3M India Ltd.

In 1987, 3M India Limited was established as a subsidiary of 3M Company, an American multinational corporation. The company provides specialist products for automotive, electrical, healthcare, and other sectors. The company was publicly listed in 1991. 3M India owns popular brands such as Scotch Brite, Nexcare, and Littman. With several production facilities dispersed throughout the nation, it efficiently meets the needs of both B2B and B2C markets. The organization’s headquarters is in Bangalore.

6. Bosch Ltd.

The company was established in 1886 by Robert Bosch in Germany. By 1897, the company became a market leader in ignition systems and became a major supplier to the automotive industry. The company set up a sales office in India in 1922 and operated only through imports for the next 30 years. Motor Industries Company Limited was founded in 1951, and Bosch instantly bought 49% of its stock. Both fuel injectors and spark plugs were produced there. The business opened its first manufacturing facility in Bengaluru, and over time, it established R&D facilities in Pune, Hyderabad, and Coimbatore, as well as another manufacturing facility in Nashik. In 1993, the company was listed on the Indian Stock Exchange. In 2008, MICO was renamed as Bosch Limited. In 2014, the company launched an eye-care solution in India and has since developed equipment for affordable eye care. The company’s headquarters is in Bangalore.

7. Abbott India Ltd.

Abbott India was established in 1910 and started operations as a marketing affiliate. It was founded as a subsidiary of Abbott Laboratories. The business provides more than 400 branded generic medicines in India, and its products are available at approximately 5,00,000 pharmacies nationwide. The company also provides diagnostic solutions, medical devices, and other nutritional products. The business purchased Piramal Healthcare Solutions in 2010 to strengthen its market position in the Indian pharmaceutical sector. The company’s headquarters is in Mumbai.

8. Shree Cement Ltd.

Shree Cements Ltd. was established by Benu Gopal Bangur in 1979. The company’s first manufacturing facility was set up in Rajasthan. To meet the needs of the Indian infrastructure sector, the company increased its cement manufacturing capacity and is currently India’s third-largest cement producer. In 2012, the company established a thermal power plant with a capacity of 300 MegaWatt. The company acquired Union Cement in 2018 to further expand its manufacturing capacity. Its main office is in Kolkata.

9. Procter & Gamble Hygiene and Healthcare Ltd.

The business was established in 1964 to manufacture and market Vicks range of products in India. The company was initially known as Richardson Hindustan Limited. The company began diversifying its product line in the 1980s and introduced Whisper and other feminine hygiene products. Ariel detergent was also launched in 1991 and is a well-known brand today. The organization’s headquarters is in Mumbai.

10. Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd.

Dr. G.K. Devarajulu established the business in 1962, and its primary business was manufacturing textile machinery. Subsequently, the business installed a state-of-the-art facility to generate superior castings for both domestic and international clients. In 2010, the company established an Advanced Technology Centre (ATC) to manufacture components for the aerospace and defense sector. The company’s headquarters is in Coimbatore.

Key Performance Indicators

Company	Net Profit Margin (%)	ROE (%)	ROCE (%)	P/E Ratio	P/B Ratio
Elcid investments ltd	72.46	1.66	1.94	0.00	0.29
MRF Ltd.	6.63	10.11	13.77	0.00	2.58
Honeywell Automation India Ltd.	12.49	12.96	17.17	56.88	7.33
Page Industries Ltd.	14.77	51.81	62.78	65.31	67.51
3M India Ltd.	10.70	25.78	39.79	68.36	65.53
Bosch Ltd.	11.12	14.58	19.57	41.51	6.05
Abbott India Ltd.	22.06	33.41	42.09	46.15	15.43
Shree Cement Ltd.	5.82	5.21	6.67	98.02	5.11
Procter & Gamble Hygiene and Healthcare Ltd.	18.86	86.37	102.66	69.35	59.92
Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd.	3.40	3.69	5.03	166.43	6.15

(All the above data is of the year ended March 2025)

Read Also: 10 Best Copper Stocks in India

Conclusion

In conclusion, the majority of India’s most expensive stocks have solid fundamentals. These firms’ stock prices are so high because the majority of them have not declared a stock split or bonus share. Because these equities typically have smaller volumes than other stocks, as an investor, make sure you speak with your investment advisor before investing in such a stock.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Which is the most expensive Stock in India?
Elcid Investments ltd is the most expensive stock in India.
What are the top 5 expensive stocks in India?
Elcid Investments ,MRF, Honeywell Automation Limited, Page Industries Limited and 3M India Limited are the top 5 most expensive stocks in India.
What is the full form of MRF Limited?
The full form of MRF is Madras Rubber Factory.
Why is the stock price of MRF so expensive?
The stock price of MRF is high because the corporation has never declared a stock split, and a bonus issue was declared way back in 1975.
Is it safe to invest in expensive stocks?
Because most expensive stocks have good fundamentals, including financial performance, they are regarded as secure investment options. However, because expensive stocks often have low liquidity, it is advisable to consult a financial advisor before investing.

September 10, 2024

Miniratna Companies in India 2026

Miniratna companies are a group of public sector enterprises in India that are considered relatively small but still important in terms of their operations and contributions to the economy. The Government of India categorizes these companies under the “Miniratna” status to recognize their performance and to provide them with certain financial and operational autonomy.

In this blog, we will discuss the significance of “Miniratna” status, the criteria for earning it, and an overview of the top Miniratna companies.

Overview of Miniratna Companies

The Indian government grants Miniratna status to a group of public sector companies based on their historical revenue and profit figures. These businesses are given the ability to make decisions by the government, which helps them operate more effectively in their respective industries. These enterprises work under the jurisdiction of the Government of India yet enjoy a great degree of decision-making power in terms of everyday operations, which includes investments, joint ventures, and other commercial decisions.

The Miniratna companies are divided into two different categories based on the financial position of the companies –

Miniratna Category I

The company must satisfy the following conditions to earn a Miniratna Category-I status:

A company must have continuously made a profit for the last three years.
A pre-tax profit of at least 30 crores in one of the previous three years.
The company must have a positive net worth.

Miniratna Category II

The company must satisfy the following conditions to earn a Miniratna Category-II status:

A company must have continuously made a profit for the last three years.
The company must have a positive net worth.

Moreover, to become a Miniratna company, the company should not have defaulted in the repayment of loans or interest payments and shall not depend upon budgetary support or Government guarantees.

Top Miniratna Companies in India Based on Market Capitalization

The top Miniratna stocks in 2026 are:

S.No.	Miniratna Stocks
1	Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.
2	Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd.
3	Cochin Shipyard Ltd.
4	Bharat Dynamics Ltd.
5	Hindustan Copper Ltd.
6	KIOCL Ltd.

Company	Market Capitalization (In Crores)	Current Market Price (in INR)	52-Week High (in INR)	52-Week Low (in INR)
Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.	1,50,549	115	229	115
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd.	53,520	669	1,148	668
Cochin Shipyard Ltd.	33,119	1,259	2,979	713
Bharat Dynamics Ltd.	35,786	976	1,795	776
Hindustan Copper Ltd.	19,848	205	416	204
KIOCL Ltd.	14,088	232	512	231

(As of 28th February 2025)

Overview of the Miniratna Companies

A brief overview of Miniratna companies is given below:

1. Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.

Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd. was established in 1986 as the financial arm of the Indian Railway. The IRFC is governed by the Ministry of Railways. The company’s main goal is to raise capital through various means, such as issuing bonds, etc. The international capital market is another source of funding for the company. In 2021, the company launched its initial public offering (IPO) and was listed on the Indian stock exchanges. The company’s main office is located in New Delhi.

2. Indian Railways Catering and Tourism Corporation Ltd.

The Ministry of Railways formed the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation of India (IRCTC), a public sector organization. To modernize Indian Railways’ tourist and online ticketing operations, IRCTC was founded in 1999.

In 2002, they introduced irctc.co.in, an online ticketing platform. With this website, customers may make online reservations for tickets. Subsequently, they began providing more services, such as catering services for Indian Railways. The IRCTC mobile application was introduced in response to the growth in smartphone usage and technical advancements. It provides users with a quick way to order tickets, check train schedules, and access other services.

3. Cochin Shipyard Ltd.

Cochin Shipyard was established by the Indian government in 1972, and the company’s shipyard is located in Kochi, Kerala. The business delivered the MV Rani Padmini, a bulk carrier, as its maiden vessel in 1981. The business constructed the INS Vikrant, India’s first aircraft carrier. The company went public in 2017 to raise funds to modernize its infrastructure. Its main office is located in Kochi, Kerala.

4. Bharat Dynamics Ltd.

The Indian government formed Bharat Dynamics Ltd. in 1970 as a public-sector undertaking under the Ministry of Defence. The business was founded with the primary goal of producing guided weaponry. The company has created the Prithvi, Akash, and Nag Missiles in partnership with the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO). 2018 saw the company’s listing on the Indian Stock Exchange. The company’s headquarters is in Hyderabad.

5. Hindustan Copper Ltd.

Hindustan Copper was established by the Indian government in 1967 as a central public sector undertaking under the Ministry of Mines. The company’s primary goal is to explore the nation’s copper mining potential. The business took over the mines from NMDC Limited in 1967. The corporation is currently engaged in exploring new mines to boost production. The company’s main office is located in Kolkata.

6. KIOCL Ltd.

The Indian government established KIOCL, formerly known as Kudremukh Iron Ore Company Limited, in 1976. It is a department of the Ministry of Steel. According to a Supreme Court ruling, the company’s mines were shut down in 2005. Following this, the company began importing iron ore from various suppliers, including Brazil. The company is searching for a new mining lease to guarantee a steady supply of iron ore. The organization’s headquarters is in Bangalore.

Performance of the Miniratna Companies

Company	1-Year Return	3-Year Return	5-Year Return
Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.	-24.52%	439.11%	363.98%
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd.	-30.29%	-14.29%	81.54%
Cochin Shipyard Ltd.	45.39%	776.17%	628.70%
Bharat Dynamics Ltd.	2.14%	360.40%	575.58%
Hindustan Copper Ltd.	-19.44%	80.48%	529.77%
KIOCL Ltd.	-52.28%	11.45%	126.62%

(As of 28th February 2025)

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Company	ROE (in %)	ROCE(in %)	Debt to Equity (x)	P/E	P/B
Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.	13.03	53.32	8.38	36.50	4.79
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd.	34.40	45.47	0	62.24	22.87
Cochin Shipyard Ltd.	15.65	19.98	0	59.87	10.28
Bharat Dynamics Ltd.	16.84	11.33	0	82.35	14.12
Hindustan Copper Ltd.	12.92	15.74	0.10	87.86	13.91
KIOCL Ltd.	-4.34	-2.31	0.03	-326.56	12.93

(All the above data is of the year ended March 2024)

Conclusion

In conclusion, Miniratna Companies of India significantly contribute to the nation’s economic growth. These businesses demonstrate consistent financial performance, effective operational efficiency, and the ability to strike a balance between profitability and social welfare. These businesses are regarded as excellent investment options, but before making investment decisions, it’s wise to consider your risk tolerance and speak with an investing professional.

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9	List of Best Railway Stocks in India
10	List Of Best Footwear Stocks in India

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How many Miniratna companies in India 2024?
There are 76 Miniratna companies in India, of which 64 are under Category I, and 12 are under Category II.
How many Miniratna companies are there in Category 1?
There are 64 Miniratna companies in Category-I as of 2024. These companies have demonstrated consistent profitability and operational efficiency.
How many Miniratna companies are there in Category 1?
There are 12 Miniratna companies in Category-II as of 2024. These companies have met basic profitability and financial stability criteria.
Which department gives Miniratna status to the companies?
The Department of Public Enterprises gives the Miniratna status to eligible companies.
Is it compulsory for Miniratna companies to get listed on the Indian Stock Exchange?
Miniratna companies are not required to list on the Indian Stock Exchange.
What is the full form of CPSE?
CPSE stands for Central Public Sector Enterprises.
Can a Miniratna company be upgraded to Maharatna status?
If a Miniratna company satisfies the requirements to be a Maharatna status, it can be granted a Maharatna status.
Where can I find the list of Miniratna companies?
The official and updated list of Miniratna companies is usually published on government websites, such as the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) or other reliable sources like financial news platforms.

September 6, 2024

Navratna Companies list in India 2026

Navratna Companies are a group of government-owned enterprises whose legacy of excellence and contribution to the Indian economy is widely recognized and appreciated. These companies play a crucial role in driving India’s economic growth and development across various sectors.

In today’s blog, we will explore the key features of Navratna companies, how they have evolved, and their past financial track record.

What is a Navratna company?

Navratna Companies are a special group of public sector undertakings (PSUs) in India. These PSUs are the top performers, enjoying enhanced financial autonomy and operational flexibility granted by the government. The term ‘Navratna’ means nine gems in Sanskrit.

Key Characteristics of Navratna Companies

They can invest up to INR 1,000 crores without government approval.
They have more freedom to make decisions and can compete better in the market.
The Navratna status brings increased recognition and credibility.

Additionally, these companies play an important role in the Indian economy and are widely regarded as industry leaders.

Eligibility Criteria for Becoming a Navratna Company

A company must satisfy the following criteria to become a Maharatna company:

Miniratna Category 1 Status – For a PSU to qualify for ‘Navratna status’, it must have held ‘Miniratna’ Category 1 status for at least three years.
Profits – The company must have consistently generated profits over the past three years.
Net Worth – To ensure financial stability, the company needs to maintain a positive net worth consistently over the past three years.
Corporate Governance – The PSU must have a track record of exemplary performance and demonstrate sound corporate governance practices.
Global Presence – the company must establish a substantial global presence and engage in international operations.

Furthermore, Miniratna Category 1 and Schedule ‘A’ CPSEs, which have achieved an ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’ rating under the Memorandum of Understanding system in at least three out of the past five years and have a composite score of 60 or higher in the six specifically chose parameters viz.,

Net profit to net worth,
Manpower cost to total cost of production/services,
Profit before depreciation, interest, and taxes to capital employed,
Profit before interest and taxes to turnover,
Earnings per share
Inter-sectoral performance

All Navratna Companies List Based on Market Capitalization

The top Navratna stocks in 2026 are:

S.No.	Navratna Stocks
1	Bharat Electronics Ltd.
2	Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.
3	Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd.
4	Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd.
5	NMDC Ltd.
6	Container Corporation of India Ltd.
7	Engineers India Ltd.
8	Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd.
9	National Aluminium Company Ltd.
10	National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd.
11	Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd.
12	Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd.
13	Shipping Corporation of India Ltd.
14	Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd.
15	Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilisers Ltd.
16	IRCON International Ltd.
17	RITES Ltd.
18	National Fertilisers Ltd.
19	ONGC Videsh Ltd.
20	Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd.
21	RailTel Corporation of India Ltd.
22	Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.
23	NHPC Ltd
24	SJVN Ltd
25	Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.

(As of 03 November 2025)

Company	Market Capitalization (in INR crores)	Current Market Price (in INR)	52-Week High (in INR)	52-Week Low (in INR)
Bharat Electronics Ltd.	3,07,815	421	436	240
Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.	68,586	329	501.8	301.6
Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd.	1,10,473	2,742	3,775	1,918
Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd.	43,149	153	234	137
NMDC Ltd.	66,976	76	82.8	59.5
Container Corporation of India Ltd	41,831	549	694.40	481
Engineers India Ltd	11,307	201	255.45	142.20
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd.	2,762	44	61.8	37.4
National Aluminium Company Ltd.	43,897	239	263	137.7
National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd.	31,822	118	130.7	70.8
Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd.	36,121	260.5	292.2	186
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation	57,972	724.2	863.3	656
Shipping Corporation of India Ltd.	12,074	259.2	280.5	138.26
ONGC Ltd.	3,23,313	257	274.35	205
Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilisers Ltd.	8,393	152.2	188.9	110.8
IRCON International Ltd.	15,970	170	237.7	134.2
RITES Ltd.	11,915	248	316	192.4
National Fertilisers Ltd.	4,653	94.80	129.7	71
Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd.	47,703	238.2	262.7	158.8
RailTel Corporation of India Ltd.	11,882	370	279	265.5
Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.	1,61,213	123	166.9	108
NHPC Ltd	85,744	85.36	92.34	71
SJVN Ltd	34,566	88	124.5	80.5

(As of 03 November 2025)

Overview of the Navratna Companies

A brief overview of Navratna companies is given below:

1. Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd.

Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) is India’s biggest aerospace company and plays a major role in the country’s defense industry. Founded in 1940, HAL has a rich history of designing, manufacturing, and maintaining aircraft, helicopters, etc. In the 1970s and 1980s, India made significant strides in developing indigenous aircraft, such as the HF-24 Marut and the HAL Cheetah Helicopter. HAL is a versatile aerospace company involved in a wide range of activities, which includes the design, development, and production of fighter jets, trainers, and transport aircraft, the production of military and civilian helicopters, and overhauling and repairing aircraft for both domestic and international customers.

2. Bharat Electronics Ltd.

Established in 1954, the company manufactures a wide range of advanced electronic products for Indian defense forces. This forms the major part of their revenue. It plays an important role in India’s defense sector by providing several crucial electronic equipments to the Indian Armed Forces. Bharat Electronics Ltd. (BEL) is a Navratna Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under India’s Ministry of Defence. Products include communication equipment, electronic warfare systems, avionics, and night vision devices. The company also ventured into the civilian market and is trying to capture new growth opportunities. Their non-defense products include homeland security solutions, telecom & broadcast systems, medical electronics, etc.

3. Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.

Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd. (RVNL) is a public sector undertaking under the Ministry of Railways, Government of India. It was established in 2003 with the main goal of quickly carrying out railway infrastructure projects. It is involved in the development and implementation of railway infrastructure projects in India. RVNL plays an important role in enhancing the efficiency and capacity of the Indian railway network. The company is responsible for the planning, designing, constructing, and maintaining various railway infra projects, which include new railway lines, doubling of existing lines, gauge conversion, electrification of railway lines, railway bridges, and tunnels. It offers complete project management services to ensure projects are completed on time and meet quality standards. RVNL actively participates in PPP projects with private companies to finance and execute railway infra projects.

4. Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd.

Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd. is a leading shipbuilding and repair yard in India. Established in 1849, the company has a rich history of constructing and repairing naval vessels, commercial ships, and offshore structures. In 1849, it was established as the Bombay Dockyard. During the 1990s and 2000s, the company started building commercial ships such as tankers, bulk carriers, and offshore platforms. The 2010s were marked by a sustained dedication to both naval and commercial shipbuilding, placing a strong emphasis on advanced technologies and high-quality standards. The company is an advanced shipbuilding facility for naval shipbuilding, commercial shipbuilding, ship repair, etc.

5. Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd.

Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. (IREDA) is a financial institution that operates under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, which is part of the Government of India. Created in 1987, IREDA aims to support and fund renewable energy projects in India. It provides financial assistance to various renewable energy projects, including solar power, wind power, biomass power, small hydropower, and geothermal power. It plays an important role in promoting sustainable energy development in India. IREDA supports policies that encourage the development of renewable energy in India.

6. National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd.

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd. (NMDC) is the biggest iron ore producer in India, playing a significant role in the country’s steel industry. It was founded in 1958 as the National Mineral Development Corporation and has played a leading role in India’s mining industry. The company is the primary supplier of iron ore to India’s steel industry, ensuring a steady supply of raw materials. It has played an important role in developing infrastructure in mining regions, including roads, railways, and power plants. NMDC operates numerous iron ore mines in India, such as Bailadila in Chhattisgarh, Donimalai in Karnataka, and Kumaram Bheem in Telangana. It is also looking for new mining opportunities and expanding its operations.

6. Container Corporation of India Ltd

Container Corporation of India Ltd. (CONCOR), founded in 1988 under the Ministry of Railways, is India’s largest container logistics and supply chain company. It provides end-to-end multimodal transport services combining rail, road, and port logistics. CONCOR plays a vital role in facilitating EXIM trade and strengthening India’s freight infrastructure network.

7. Engineers India Ltd. (EIL)

Engineers India Ltd. (EIL), incorporated in 1965, is a premier public sector engineering consultancy and EPC firm under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. It provides design, project management, and turnkey solutions for refineries, petrochemicals, pipelines, and infrastructure. EIL has delivered landmark industrial and energy projects across India and abroad.

8. Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. (MTNL)

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. (MTNL), established in 1986, provides telecom services in Delhi and Mumbai. Once a dominant player in India’s telecom market, MTNL now focuses on broadband, mobile, and enterprise connectivity. The company is working closely with BSNL toward network modernization and integration to enhance nationwide telecom infrastructure.

9. National Aluminium Company Ltd. (NALCO)

National Aluminium Company Ltd. (NALCO), founded in 1981, is one of Asia’s largest integrated aluminium producers, operating across mining, refining, smelting, and power generation. Headquartered in Bhubaneswar, NALCO exports aluminium and alumina to global markets. The company focuses on energy efficiency, sustainable mining, and expansion into renewable energy projects.

10. National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd. (NBCC)

National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd. (NBCC), incorporated in 1960, is a Navratna PSU under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. It provides project management consultancy, real estate development, and EPC contracting. NBCC has executed key government projects, including redevelopment of Delhi’s Central Vista and other major urban infrastructure works.

11. Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd. (NLC India Ltd.)

NLC India Ltd., established in 1956 under the Ministry of Coal, is a leading lignite mining and power generation company. Operating in Tamil Nadu and other states, it produces thermal and renewable energy. NLC is expanding into solar and wind energy projects, reinforcing India’s push toward cleaner power generation.

12. Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. (RINL)

Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. (RINL), known as Vizag Steel, was incorporated in 1982 and operates the Visakhapatnam Steel Plant. It specializes in long steel products for construction and infrastructure industries. As one of India’s leading steel producers, RINL contributes to national development through efficient operations, exports, and modernization initiatives.

13. Shipping Corporation of India Ltd. (SCI)

Shipping Corporation of India Ltd. (SCI), founded in 1961, is India’s largest shipping company offering maritime transport for crude oil, coal, fertilizers, and bulk cargo. It operates tankers, bulk carriers, passenger ships, and offshore vessels. SCI plays a crucial role in facilitating India’s seaborne trade and energy logistics network.

14. Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd. (IRCTC)

Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd. (IRCTC), established in 1999, manages online railway ticketing, catering, and tourism for Indian Railways. It operates India’s largest e-ticketing platform, serves millions daily, and manages premium trains like the Maharajas’ Express. IRCTC is expanding into hospitality, packaged drinking water, and tourism services.

15. Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilisers Ltd. (RCF)

Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilisers Ltd. (RCF), formed in 1978, is a leading producer of fertilizers and industrial chemicals. It manufactures urea, complex fertilizers, and chemicals like methanol and ammonium nitrate. RCF supports Indian agriculture with efficient fertilizer supply chains and sustainability-focused initiatives aimed at improving soil health and productivity.

16. IRCON International Ltd.

IRCON International Ltd., incorporated in 1976, is a public sector construction company under the Ministry of Railways. It executes railway, highway, and bridge infrastructure projects across India and internationally. Known for technical excellence and timely delivery, IRCON has built major infrastructure in difficult terrains and several foreign countries.

17. RITES Ltd.

RITES Ltd., founded in 1974, is a leading transport infrastructure consultancy and engineering company under the Ministry of Railways. It offers project management, turnkey solutions, and export of rolling stock. RITES operates in over 55 countries and is a key contributor to India’s railway modernization and international infrastructure presence.

18. National Fertilisers Ltd. (NFL)

National Fertilisers Ltd. (NFL), incorporated in 1974, is India’s second-largest urea producer and a major supplier of nitrogenous fertilizers. It operates five gas-based plants and provides agrochemicals, seeds, and soil health solutions. NFL plays a key role in supporting Indian agriculture through efficient production and farmer engagement programs.

19. ONGC Videsh Ltd. (OVL)

ONGC Videsh Ltd. (OVL) is the international arm of ONGC, engaged in oil and gas exploration and production overseas. Operating in over 30 countries, OVL contributes to India’s energy security by acquiring hydrocarbon assets abroad. Its global portfolio spans Asia, Africa, and Latin America across multiple upstream projects.

20. Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd. (HUDCO)

Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd. (HUDCO), founded in 1970, provides long-term finance for housing and infrastructure projects. It supports affordable housing, water supply, roads, and sanitation initiatives. HUDCO plays a critical role in India’s urban development mission and promotes inclusive growth through sustainable financing solutions.

21. RailTel Corporation of India Ltd.

RailTel Corporation of India Ltd., established in 2000, is a telecom infrastructure provider under Indian Railways. It manages an extensive nationwide optic fiber network and offers broadband, data center, and cloud services. RailTel also supports the government’s Digital India mission by enabling connectivity in rural and remote areas.

22. Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd. (IRFC)

Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd. (IRFC), founded in 1986, is the dedicated financial arm of Indian Railways. It mobilizes funds from domestic and international markets to support railway expansion, electrification, and modernization projects. IRFC plays a pivotal role in funding India’s growing transportation and logistics infrastructure.

23. NHPC Ltd.

NHPC Ltd., formerly National Hydroelectric Power Corporation, was established in 1975. It is India’s leading hydropower company engaged in the design, construction, and operation of hydroelectric projects. NHPC is expanding into solar and wind power, supporting India’s renewable energy goals and sustainable development agenda.

24. SJVN Ltd.

SJVN Ltd., earlier Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Ltd., was incorporated in 1988 as a joint venture between the Government of India and Himachal Pradesh. It operates in hydro, solar, and wind energy sectors. SJVN’s flagship project, the Nathpa Jhakri Power Station, is India’s largest hydroelectric plant.

25. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL)

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL), founded in 2000, is India’s largest government-owned telecom company. It provides mobile, broadband, and enterprise communication services across urban and rural India. BSNL plays a crucial role in digital connectivity and is expanding its 4G and 5G infrastructure under the government’s telecom revival plan.

Performance of the Navratna Companies

Company	1-Year Returns	3-Year Returns	5-Year Returns
Bharat Electronics Ltd.	46.79%	282.84%	1,307.69%
Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.	-26.84%	608.90%	1,703.59%
Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd.	34.03%	591.09%	3,154.52%
Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd.	-26.13%	–	–
NMDC Ltd.	-1.56%	99.62%	161.23%
Container Corporation of India Ltd	-19.07%	-14.78%	70.47%
Engineers India Ltd	2.57%	172.37%	208.40%
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd.	-12.15%	97.65%	360.77%
National Aluminium Company Ltd.	0.51%	216.29%	664.42%
National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd.	16.86%	405.75%	663.53%
Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd.	2.99%	235.68%	440.21%
Shipping Corporation of India Ltd.	17.83%	80.79%	403.10%
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd.	-12.01%	-5.31%	176.11%
Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilisers Ltd.	-3.69%	49.91%	251.98%
IRCON International Ltd.	-19.97%	246.06%	346.24%
RITES Ltd.	-19.97%	246.06%	346.24%
National Fertilisers Ltd.	-12.95%	84.94%	201.08%
Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd.	5.77%	485.86%	656.10%
RailTel Corporation of India Ltd.	-10.17%	194.18%	–
Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.	-20.20%	415.95%	390.92%
NHPC Ltd	0.84%	91.78%	315.84%
SJVN Ltd	-21.57%	142.05%	295.38%

(As of 03 November 2025)

Key Performance Indicators

Company	ROE (in %)	ROCE (in %)	Debt-to-Equity	P/E (x)	P/B (x)
Bharat Electronics Ltd.	24.4	30.13	0	51.67	13.42
Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.	18	16.74	0.68	82.8	13.78
Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd.	31.02	35.65	0	39.22	15.68
Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd.	14.62	42.69	5.80	50.93	7.98
NMDC Ltd.	21.71	30.49	0.13	11.26	2.59
Container Corporation of India Ltd	10.40	13.49	0	26.1	3.4
Engineers India Ltd	21.7	23.4	0	15.5	3.3
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd.	0	14.88	-1.20	-0.8	-0.10
National Aluminium Company Ltd.	-21.5	-15.6	0.93	-22	4.79
National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd.	21.82	29.96	0	40.95	8.92
Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd.	14.00	9.92	1.20	12.5	1.81
Shipping Corporation of India Ltd.	10.14	10	0.23	9.13	0.93
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd.	35.88	43.18	0	44.28	15.88
Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilisers Ltd.	5.10	9.21	0.58	28.59	1.46
IRCON International Ltd.	11.49	8.93	0.67	20.24	2.32
RITES Ltd.	14.57	19.06	0	27.89	4.07
National Fertilisers Ltd.	6.77	7.49	0.73	21.43	1.45
Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd.	15.07	52.29	5.97	14.74	2.22
RailTel Corporation of India Ltd.	14.99	19.20	0	32.39	4.86
Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd.	12.34	49.98	7.83	24.98	3.09
NHPC Ltd	7.57	6.21	0.99	30.22	2.08
SJVN Ltd	5.78	4.45	1.90	44.03	2.54

(All the above data is for the year ended March 2025)

Conclusion

To summarize, Navratna companies are a valuable asset to India’s economy. These companies generate revenue and create job opportunities, making them instrumental in driving India’s growth. Their performance and contributions have made them leading players in their respective sectors. These companies have exhibited a remarkable track record of innovation and resilience, which will serve as a strong foundation for their future endeavors. With their extensive resources, talented workforce, and commitment to excellence, the Navratna companies are well-positioned to drive their growth and contribute to the overall development of the nation.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can any PSU become a Navratna company?
Only PSUs that meet the defined eligibility criteria can be considered for Navratna status.
What is the role of Navratna companies in the Indian economy?
Navratna companies are important for the Indian economy, contributing to its growth and development in various sectors.
Are Navratna companies profitable?
Navratna companies in India are profitable and make a significant contribution to the government’s revenue.
Can a Navratna company become a Maharatna?
A Navratna company can become a Maharatna company by fulfilling the more stringent criteria set for Maharatna companies.
Can a private company become a Navratna company?
No, only PSUs are eligible to become Navratna companies.

September 5, 2024

List of Stock Exchanges in India

With its robust regulatory framework and growing investor confidence, India’s capital market offers exciting prospects for domestic and international investors. These exchanges are essential platforms for trading securities, and their presence contributes to the overall liquidity and efficiency of the market.

In this blog, we will provide a brief overview of some of India’s recognised stock exchanges and the role and significance an exchange holds in the economy.

What is a Stock Exchange?

A stock exchange is a marketplace where individuals and institutions engage in the buying and selling of securities, such as stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, ETFs etc. It serves as a hub of opportunity, facilitating the transactions that drive the global economy and empowering investors to make better decisions. Stock exchanges operate on the principles of supply and demand, with price fluctuations depending on the market conditions. Stock exchanges are subject to strict regulations aimed at safeguarding investors and ensuring the integrity of the market.

List of Top 7 Stock Exchanges in India

An overview of stock exchanges in India is given below:

1. BSE Ltd.

BSE is a stock exchange located in Mumbai, India. It is the oldest stock exchange in Asia and the tenth oldest in the world, established in 1875. It is one of India’s leading exchange groups and is known as the ‘Dalal Street’, often regarded as the Wall Street of India. The story starts under a banyan tree near Mumbai Town Hall, where a handful of stockbrokers would gather to trade cotton in the 1850s. Premchand Roychand, a cotton merchant, is credited with formalising these informal gatherings by establishing the ‘Native Share and Stock Brokers Association in 1875. This is the official founding year of the BSE. The trading venue relocated multiple times within Mumbai before eventually establishing its permanent residence on Dalal Street, owing to the proliferation of brokers. The Indian government officially recognised it as the country’s first stock exchange in 1957, granting it official trading rights. Since then, BSE has continuously evolved to keep pace with the times.

2. National Stock Exchange of India Ltd.

The NSE is one of the two leading stock exchanges in India. It was established in 1992 and is located in Mumbai. It is known for its electronic trading platform and is considered the largest stock exchange in India in terms of daily trading volume. It lists a wide range of financial instruments, including equities, derivatives, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and more. Also, NSE was the first exchange in India to implement electronic or screen-based trading, starting its operations in 1994. NSE has ensured the reliability and performance of its systems through a culture of innovation and substantial investment in technology. NSE has led the way in technological advancements in the Indian capital market by introducing innovative trading systems and products.

3. Metropolitan Stock Exchange of India Ltd.

The Metropolitan Stock Exchange of India (MSEI) was founded in 2008. It is based in Mumbai and aims to provide a platform for trading a variety of securities, including equities, derivatives and debt instruments. The MSEI is approved by the SEBI under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India, also designated the MSE as a ‘recognised stock exchange’ in 2012. The Metropolitan Stock Exchange has two subsidiaries.

Metropolitan Clearing Corporation of India Limited (MCCIL) – MSEI owns 86.94% of MCCIL, which deals in various asset classes on the MSEI. MCCIL also has an agreement with ICEX to provide clearing and settlement services for trades in ICEX’s commodities and derivatives segments.
MCX SX KYC Registration Agency Limited (MRAL) – Maintains a comprehensive database for exchange participants and other relevant individuals following the guidelines outlined by the KYC regulations.

4. Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd.

With headquarters in Bombay, MCX offers trading in various commodities such as metals, energy, agriculture, and bullion. Its robust trading platform and extensive network make it a preferred choice for investors and traders alike. Established in 2003, it has become a prominent platform for trading various commodities. Some commodities traded on MCX include gold, silver, crude oil, natural gas, etc. With its advanced trading technology and robust risk management systems. Over the years, the MCX has achieved significant growth, drawing in a large number of participants, including traders, brokers, and institutional investors.

5. National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange Ltd

NCDEX was established in 2003 and is regulated by the SEBI. It offers futures trading in agricultural commodities, metals and energy products. The main objective of NCDEX is to function as a highly efficient platform for price discovery and risk management. This commitment has been consistently proven over the last two decades. NCDEX prices are widely recognised as benchmarks in both domestic and international commodities markets. NCDEX and its subsidiaries offer a complete market infrastructure that includes Clearing & Settlement services, Repository services and an e-auction Platform. The exchange is dedicated to uplifting and developing farmers and the agricultural sector.

6. Indian Commodity Exchange Limited

ICEX is a new commodity exchange in India that was established in 2017. Its goal is to offer a competitive and transparent platform for trading a wide range of commodities. It is regulated by the SEBI. Prominent shareholders of the company include MMTC Ltd. Central Warehousing Corporation, Indian Potash Limited, KRIBHCO, Punjab National Bank, IDFC Bank Ltd., Gujarat Agro Industries Corporation, Reliance Exchangenext Limited, Bajaj Holdings & Investment Limited, Gujarat State Agricultural Marketing Board, NAFED, and Indiabulls Housing Finance Limited. The exchange mission is to become the most preferred platform for price discovery and hedging.

7. Calcutta Stock Exchange Ltd.

The Calcutta Stock Exchange Limited (CSE) is not only one of the oldest stock exchanges in India but also a true pioneer, having been established in 1908. It has played an important role in India’s financial landscape for many years, but its prominence declined in recent decades, and it was finally shut down. The NSE terminated its trading agreement with the CSE on July 18, 2023. However, on November 17, 2023, a division bench lifted the stay. The CSE was instructed to close all open transactions by November 28, 2024. In the late 20^th century, the CSE faced growing competition from other stock exchanges like BSE and NSE. The CSE’s market share and trading volume declined as a consequence of this competition. Today, it mainly serves the eastern region of India, with a focus on Kolkata and its surrounding areas.

Role and Importance of Stock Exchange

A stock exchange performs the following functions:

Primary Market Function – Stock exchanges enable companies to raise capital by issuing shares to the public through an Initial Public Offering (IPO). The capital raised can be used for further business expansion and general corporate purposes.
Price Discovery – The stock market allows people to buy and sell stocks, making it easy for investors to turn their investments into cash. This helps ensure that securities are priced fairly based on market conditions. Buyers and sellers interact to determine the price of a company that reflects its perceived value.
Economic Indicator – The stock market’s performance often acts as a key indicator of the overall economic health, and this is impossible without an efficient stock exchange. A rising market shows confidence and growth, while a falling market may showcase economic uncertainty.
Corporate Governance – Publicly traded companies must follow strict disclosure requirements, which enhances corporate governance and accountability.
Promotion of Savings and Investments – The stock exchange helps people save and invest by offering a way to earn money from their investments.

Conclusion

The stock exchanges in India have played a pivotal role in the country’s economic growth and development. From the historic Bombay Stock Exchange to the more recent National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange, these exchanges have provided a platform for capital formation, price discovery, and efficient trading. As the Indian economy expands, it is anticipated that the stock exchanges will assume an increasingly substantial role in the upcoming years. Their ability to facilitate investment, promote transparency, and support economic growth will be imperative for India’s ongoing prosperity.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How can I invest in the Indian stock market?
You can invest in the Indian stock market through a registered broker. They can help you open a demat account through which you can execute your buy and sell orders.
What are some popular indices in India?
Some popular indices in India include the Nifty 50 and the Sensex.
Are foreign investors allowed to invest in the Indian stock market?
Foreign investors can invest in the Indian stock market through the Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) route.
How are stock exchanges regulated in India?
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulatory body for the Indian securities market, overseeing stock exchanges and their operations.
What is the listing process for a company on the stock exchange in India?
Companies that want to get listed must meet specific criteria related to corporate governance practices and other regulations. They also need to submit documentation to the stock exchange and go through a review process.

September 2, 2024

List of Best Cement Stocks in India 2026

The cement industry has always been a crucial sector in the global economy, producing a key material for building infrastructure. It is one of the largest sectors in India, contributing significantly to the economy. As of 2024, India is the second-largest cement producer, with an annual production capacity of over 550 million tonnes.

In today’s blog, we will discuss the best Cement stocks in India based on market capitalization and 1-year returns.

Overview of the Cement Industry In India

The cement industry in India is also a major employer as it provides jobs to over a million people directly and indirectly. Domestic demand is the main factor driving the sector’s growth. The cement exports to neighboring countries make India a key player in the global cement market. The Indian cement industry is poised for significant growth as new investments and capacity expansions are planned to meet future demand. The sector is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6-7%, driven by urbanization, infrastructure projects, and government initiatives like affordable housing.

Top Cement Stocks Based on Market Capitalization

The Top Cement Stocks in 2026 are:

S.No.	Cement Stocks
1	UltraTech Cement Ltd.
2	Ambuja Cements Ltd.
3	Shree Cements Ltd.
4	ACC Ltd.
5	Dalmia Bharat Ltd.

The cement stocks have been listed in descending order based on their market capitalization in the table below:

Company	Market Capitalization (in INR crore)	Current Market Price (in INR)	52-Week High (in INR)	52-Week Low (in INR)
UltraTech Cement Ltd.	3,73,711	12,682	13,102	10,048
Ambuja Cements Ltd.	1,47,395	596	643	453
Shree Cement Ltd.	1,07,333	29,748	32,508	23,500
ACC Ltd.	35,830	1,908	2,545	1,775
Dalmia Bharat Ltd.	44,697	2,383	2,496	1,601

(As of 22 September 2025)

Best Cement Stocks in India Based on Market Capitalization – An Overview

The best cement stocks in India are given below, along with a brief overview:

1. UltraTech Cement Ltd.

UltraTech Cement Limited, based in Mumbai, is an Indian multinational cement company. It is now India’s largest manufacturer of grey cement, ready-mix concrete (RMC), and white cement. Globally, it ranks as the fifth-largest, with its installed capacity of 152.70 million tonnes per annum and a sales volume of 119 million tonnes per annum. UltraTech Cement is a key player in the construction industry because of its extensive product range and significant market presence.

2. Ambuja Cements Ltd.

Ambuja Cements Limited is one of India’s leading cement companies and a part of the Adani Group. The company is known for its sustainable development projects and environment-friendly practices and has been providing reliable home-building solutions. The company’s innovative products meet customer needs and help reduce carbon footprints. Ambuja Cements actively contributes to societal well-being, which makes it one of the most trusted brands in the Indian cement industry.

3. Shree Cement Ltd.

Shree Cement Ltd was founded in 1979 in Beawar, Rajasthan and is India’s third-largest cement producer. It has an installed capacity of 46.9 million tonnes in India and 50.9 million tonnes, including overseas. The company has expanded significantly since 2006 by increasing plant capacities and entering new regions. In 2024, the company announced ‘Bangur’ as its master brand. The company’s headquarters is in Kolkata.

4. ACC Ltd.

ACC Limited, formerly known as The Associated Cement Companies Limited, is an Indian cement producer headquartered in Mumbai. It is a subsidiary of Ambuja Cements and part of the Adani Group. The company was established when eleven cement companies merged to form the “The Associated Cement Companies” on 1 August 1936. It has 18 cement manufacturing units and 82+ ready-mix concrete plants across the nation. On 1 September 2006, it officially changed its name to ACC Limited. The company‘s headquarters is in Mumbai.

5. Dalmia Bharat Ltd.

Dalmia Bharat Limited is an Indian cement manufacturing company primarily engaged in producing and selling cement and related products. The company was established in 1939 and has an installed capacity of 46.6 million tonnes. The company offers a wide range of cements, including Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Portland Slag Cement (PSC), Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), and Portland Composite Cement (PCC). It also produces speciality cement like sulfate-resisting Portland cement, railway sleeper cement, oil well cement, and cement for airstrips and nuclear power plants. The company’s headquarters is in New Delhi.

Top Cement Stocks Based on 1-Year Return

The cement stocks have been listed in descending order based on their 1-year returns in the table below:

Sr. No.	Company	1-Year Return
1	Mangalam Cement Ltd.	194.91%
2	Kesoram Industries Ltd.	142.44%
3	Hemadri Cements Ltd.	126.40%
4	KCP Ltd.	101.07%

(As of 29 August 2024)

Best Cement Stocks in India Based on 1-Year Return – An Overview

The best cement stocks according to 1-Year return are given below, along with a brief overview:

1. Mangalam Cement Ltd.

Mangalam Cement Limited, part of the B.K. Birla Group started commercial operations in 1981. The company manufactures cement in plants based in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh and sells its products under the Birla Uttam brand name. The company has a production capacity of 44 lakh MTPA and primarily serves markets in Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. It has a strong distribution network and focuses on sustainability, aiming to increase the production of fly ash-blended cement. The company’s headquarters is in Kolkata.

2. Kesoram Industries Ltd.

Kesoram Industries Limited, a B.K. Birla Group company was established in 1919. The company manufactures cement, tyres and rayon. The company produces cement under the “Birla Shakti” cement brand, with plants in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh and a packing unit in Maharashtra. It recently refinanced its debt to reduce interest costs. The company has a total installed capacity of 10.75 million tons per annum. The company’s headquarters is in Bangalore.

3. Hemadri Cements Ltd.

Hemadri Cements Ltd was established in 1981. It manufactures and sells cement with a focus on quality and durability. Its products include Hemadri 43 Grade and Hemadri Gold 53 Grade. Cement is manufactured exclusively from Vedadri Lime Stone, which results in high compressive strength and consistency. The company’s headquarters is in Chennai.

4. KCP LTD.

KCP Ltd operates in multiple sectors, including cement, sugar, heavy engineering, power generation, and hospitality. The company runs two cement plants in Andhra Pradesh with a combined capacity of 4.3 MTPA and a packaging plant in Tamil Nadu.

The company has been associated with ISRO for three decades, supplying crucial components for rocket vehicles. KCP plans to expand its facilities to support ISRO’s future programs, including the development of larger rocket motor cases and precision machine shops. The company’s headquarters is in Chennai.

Key Performance Indicators

Company	ROE (in %)	ROCE (in %)	Debt/Equity	P/E Ratio	P/B Ratio
UltraTech Cement Ltd.	11.63	14.12	0.17	45.90	5.35
Ambuja Cements Ltd.	8.62	11.17	0	44.86	3.59
Shree Cement Ltd.	11.57	14.74	0.07	42.23	4.29
ACC Ltd.	14.30	15.45	0	19.37	2.65
Dalmia Bharat Ltd.	5.03	6.25	0.28	41.18	2.11
Mangalam Cement Ltd.	7.35	13.39	0.74	44.78	3.43
Kesoram Industries Ltd.	-405.07	11.38	23.48	-15.46	67.52
Hemadri Cements Ltd.	-47.47	-45.11	0.49	-3.55	2.59
KCP Ltd.	13.37	16.13	0.34	15.30	2.07

(All the above data is of the year ended March 2024)

Benefits of Investing in the Cement Stocks in India

Investing in cement stocks can have several advantages, some of which are listed below:

Consistent demand from urbanization and infrastructure projects results in consistent revenues and profits.
Government-supportive policies and incentives will boost sector profitability.
Increased infrastructure needs in the future will create new avenues for growth.

Factors to Consider Before Investing in Cement Stocks

There are various factors one should take into account before investing in cement stocks:

Assess current and future demand for cement in the market.
Review the financial health and past performance of the company.
Evaluate the level of competition and market share.
Monitor economic conditions and their potential impact on the sector.

Future of Cement Stocks in India

The future of cement stocks in India looks promising. The government’s focus on infrastructure projects, urbanization, and affordable housing is creating demand for cement. Companies are expanding their capacities and adopting sustainable practices, which bodes well for long-term growth. As India continues to develop, the cement industry will benefit from increased construction activities. You can anticipate steady returns from this sector due to consistent demand and ongoing development initiatives. However, it is advised to consult a financial advisor before investing.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the key factors driving the growth of cement companies in India?
Some of the key factors driving the growth of cement companies are increased government infrastructure spending, urbanization, housing demand, and real estate revival.
How do raw material costs impact cement companies in India?
Fluctuations in raw material costs affect production expenses and profitability.
What role does technological innovation play in the cement industry?
It improves efficiency, reduces costs, and minimizes environmental impact.
Are there any risks associated with investing in cement companies in India?
Cement companies face risks related to regulatory changes, raw material price fluctuations, economic downturns, and competition.
How do export opportunities impact Indian cement companies?
Exports provide additional revenue and help mitigate domestic market fluctuations.

August 29, 2024

Category: Investing

List of Top 10 Sectors in the Indian Stock Market

Table of Sectors with their Market Capitalization and Industry Association

Overview of the Best Sectors in India By Market Capitalization

1. Banks

2. Software & IT Services

3. Financial Services

4. Automobile & Ancillaries

5. Oil & Gas

6. Healthcare

7. FMCG

8. Metal & Mining

9. Power

10. Chemicals

Future of Indian Stock Market

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What role does the banking sector play in the Indian economy?

What are the issues the healthcare sector is facing in India?

What is the contribution of the automobile sector to the Indian GDP?

How does the power sector contribute to the development of the Indian economy?

What are the future prospects of the financial services sector in India?

What is Market Capitalization?

List of Top 10 Indian Companies Based on Market Capitalization

Overview of Top 10 Indian Companies Based on Market Capitalization

1. Reliance Industries Ltd.

2. Tata Consultancy Services Ltd.

3. HDFC Bank Ltd.

4. Bharti Airtel Ltd.

5. ICICI Bank Ltd.

6. Infosys Ltd.

7. State Bank of India

8. Hindustan Unilever Ltd.

9. ITC Ltd.

10. Life Insurance Corporation of India

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions

Do government-owned companies feature in the Top 10 Indian companies based on market capitalization?

Which sectors dominate the list of top 10 Indian companies based on market capitalization?

How often does the ranking of top companies based on market capitalization change?

Where can I find the latest market capitalization data?

Is market capitalization a valuable metric of a company’s long-term success?

What is the China Plus One Strategy?

Advantages of the China Plus One strategy

Limitations of the China Plus One strategy?

Impact on India

Indian Sectors to Benefit from China Plus One Strategy

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the adoption of the China Plus One strategy?

Does the China Plus One strategy mean companies are leaving China?

How does the China Plus One strategy affect China?

Is the China Plus One strategy only for large multinational companies?

What is the role of the government in the China Plus One strategy?

Overview of Tata Motors

Difference Between Tata Motors Ordinary Shares and DVR Shares

Recent Update to Cancel Tata Motors DVR shares

Details Of Share Swap

Tax Implications for Shareholders

Performance of Tata Motors And Tata Motors DVR

Conclusion

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the meaning of Tata Motors DVR shares conversion into ordinary shares?

Why did Tata Motors decide to convert DVR shares with ordinary shares?

What is the conversion ratio for Tata Motors DVR to ordinary shares?

What is the record date for the DVR conversion?

How does this conversion benefit shareholders?

Overview of the Recycling Industry in India

Top Recycling Stocks In India Based on Market Capitalization

Best Recycling Stocks in India Based on Market Capitalization – An Overview

1. Gravita India Ltd.

2. Ganesha Ecosphere Ltd.

3. Eco Recycling Ltd.

4. A2Z Infra Engineering Ltd.

5. Baheti Recycling Industries Ltd.

Performance of Recycling Stocks

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Benefits of Investing in Recycling Stocks

Factors to Be Considered Before Investing in Recycling Stocks